Lozalo Rurik: idayagramu nezinsuku Board

Umlando ERussia yasendulo ithakazelisa kakhulu izingane. Esebangeni isizukulwane samanje ngesimo tinsumansumane, tinganekwane zemihla. Lozalo Rurik babuse kanye nezinsuku, isikimu ikhona izincwadi eziningi emlandweni. Incazelo ngaphambili - indaba kukholakale. Dynasty, futhi iye yakhipha, eziqala Prince Rurik, nomthelela ekwakhekeni wekuba sive, kusho inyunyana yabo bonke izizwe Slavic futhi principalities kwisimo esisodwa esinamandla.

Kwethulwa abafundi lozalo of Rurik - isiqinisekiso ecacile. Ubuntu Bangaki edume ngubani ukudala Russia esizayo, okwethulwa kulesi sihlahla! akazange lwamakhosi waqala kanjani? Wayengubani Rurik wolimi?

isimemo abazukulu

Kunezinganekwane eziningi mayelana nokubonakala eRussia Varyaga Ryurika. Ezinye izazi-mlando njengosongo zaseScandinavia, abanye - Slav. Kodwa okuhle nakakhulu usitshele mayelana nomcimbi, "The Tale of esidlule Iminyaka", umlobi wezenzakalo kwesokunxele Nestor. Kusukela ekulandiseni kwakhe ukuthi Rurik, sineus futhi truvor - ke abazukulu Novgorod Prince Gostomysl.

Prince lost in izimpi amadodana akhe amane, wahlala namadodakazi amathathu kuphela. Omunye wabo kwakungu-oshadile ukuba Varyag, Ross kanye wazala amadodana amathathu. Kuyinto kubo, abazukulu babo, futhi ngokuthi Gostomysl bayakubusa Novgorod. Waba umbusi Novgorod Rurik, Sineus waya Beloozero futhi Truvor - e Izborsk. Abazalwane abathathu babe isizwe sokuqala, futhi nabo baqala lozalo of Rurik. Kwaba 862 AD. Lo mbuso onomoya uhulumeni ngaphambi 1598, izwe lalibuswa iminyaka 736.

Eyesibili umlenze

Novgorod isikhulu Rurik wabusa kwaze kwaba seminyakeni engu 879. Washona, kusale Oleg uhlangothi, isihlobo sikwazi ukubhekana umkayo, indodana yakhe Igor, ummeleli we isizukulwane sesibili. Nakuba Igor ekhula, isikhulu Novgorod, u-Oleg, owathi esikhundleni isikhathi zabanqotshiwe ubukhulu Kiev futhi Kiev ngokuthi "unina amadolobha Russian", esungulwe enobudlelwane nge waseByzantium.

Ngemva kokufa Oleg e-912, wabusa Igor - the indlalifa yezithembiso uhlobo lwe Rurik. Washona ngo 945, kusale amadodana Svyatoslav futhi Gleb. Miningi-ke imiqulu zomlando izincwadi, ezichaza lozalo of Rurik olunezinsuku weBhodi. Ukushayela uhlu lozalo lwazo libukeka lokho kuboniswa ohlangothini lwesobunxele.

It kungabonakala leliqhinga ukuthi kancane kancane ozalwa amagatsha futhi likhula. Ikakhulukazi uVladimir I Sviatoslavovych. Ngu indodana yakhe, Yaroslava Mudrogo, kwakukhona imbewu ukuthi kwakubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Russia.

Princess Olga nezindlalifa

Ngonyaka ukufa ePrince Igor Svyatoslav yayineminyaka emithathu kuphela. Ngenxa hlela ubukhulu engunina - Olga. Njengoba ayekhula, ke bakhangwa abangaphezu kuka imikhankaso sezempi, akulona eyayibusa. Emkhankasweni emazweni aseBalkan, e 972, wabulawa. izindlalifa yakhe kwakungamadodana amathathu Jaropolk, Oleg futhi uVladimir. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufa kukayise iNkosi Kiev baba Jaropolk. Isifiso sakhe kwaba yedwa, futhi waqala ukulwa ngokungagunci ngokumelene umfowabo u-Oleg. Lozalo Rurik olunezinsuku leBhodi ukuthi uVladimir Elikhulu yayisamile ekuqaleni kwazo Kiev ubukhulu.

Lapho u-Oleg wabulawa, uVladimir wabalekela eYurophu okokuqala, kodwa sekuphele iminyaka engu-2 emuva nethimba futhi wabulala ngaleyo ndlela Jaropolk ekubeni Grand Prince Kiev. Ohambweni lwakhe wayiyisa eByzantium, Prince uVladimir waba umKristu. Ngo 988, yabhapathizwa ngo abakhileyo emfuleni Kiev, ezakhiwe nangapha amasonto amancane namakhulu, nomthelela ekusakazekeni kobuKristu eRussia.

Abantu wamnika igama uVladimir Red Sun, nokubusa kwakhe waqhubeka kwaze 1015. Isonto emdumisayo njengoba saint wokubhapathizwa Rus. Grand Prince Kiev uVladimir Svyatoslavovych wayenamadodana: Svyatopolk, Izyaslav Sudislava, Vysheslav, Pozvizda, Vsevolod, Stanislaus, Yaroslav, Mstislav, Svyatoslav futhi Gleb.

Inzalo Rurik

Kukhona lozalo oluningiliziwe Rurik olunezinsuku ukuphila kwawo, futhi phakathi nokubusa. Ukulandela uVladimir ubukhulu wema ngasemnyango Svyatopolk, okuyinto edume ngokuthi Uqalekisiwe, ngezinsolo zokubulala umfowabo. Ukubusa kwakhe kwaba yinto yesikhashana - e 1015, nge break kanye 1017 i 1019.

Yaroslav the Hlakaniphile eyabusa kusukela 1015 by 1017 futhi 1019 by 1024. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke engu-12 yokubusa, kanye Mstislav Vladimirovich: kusukela 1024 kuya 1036, bese - ne 1036 eminyakeni 1054.

Nge 1054 ku 1068 - inkathi ubukhulu Izyaslav Yaroslavovych. Ngaphezu kwalokho lozalo Rurikovich wesifunda ibhodi inzalo yabo ukunwetshwa. Abanye abamele lwamakhosi kwaba ngamandla isikhathi esifushane kakhulu futhi akazange abe nesikhathi ukwenza izenzo oluvelele. Kodwa abaningi (ezifana Yaroslav Mudry futhi uVladimir Monomakh) ashiye uphawu lwawo emphilweni Russia.

Lozalo Rurik: Qhubeka

Grand Prince Kiev Vsevolod Yaroslavovich wangena ubukhulu ngo-1078 futhi waqhubeka ke kuze 1093. Uhlu lozalo lwamakhosi kukhona izikhulu eziningi ngubani ukhunjulwa zobuqhawe bakhe empini: ngakho Wayengubani u-Alexander saseNevsky. Kodwa wokubusa kwakhe kwaba kamuva, phakathi nokuhlaselwa Russia amaMongol-AmaTatar. Ngaphambi eyabusa Kievan Rus uVladimir Monomakh - ne 1113 eminyakeni 1125, Mstislav - ne 1125 i 1132, Jaropolk - ne 1132 i 1139. Yuri Dolgoruky, owaba umsunguli eMoscow, waba ngukumkani esikhathini kusuka 1125 eminyakeni 1157.

Lozalo Rurik ezibanzi okudingeka siwuphendule niqaphelisise. Akunakwenzeka ngidlule ezifana amagama adumile njengoba uJohane "Kalita" Dmitry "Don", owayebusa esikhathini kusuka 1362 eminyakeni 1389. Abaphila Besikhathi njalo ukuhlobanisa igama le nkosana nge ukunqoba kwakhe ngesikhathi Kulikovo ensimini. Phela, kwakushintsha ukuthi kwaqala "ukuphela" ejokeni Tatar-amaMongol. Kodwa aligcini ngokuphendula lo ekhumbulekayo Dmitry Donskoi, inqubomgomo sakhe esifuywayo yayihloselwe ubunye ubukhulu. Kwakungesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe eMoscow kwaba into eza kuqala eRussia.

Fyodor Ivanovich - owokugcina lwamakhosi

Lozalo of Rurik, ne nezinsuku isikimu, uthi lwamakhosi yaphela kokubusa inkosi yakwa eMoscow All Russia - Fedorom Ioannovichem. Wabusela esikhathini kusuka 1584 kuya ngonyaka 1589. Kodwa amandla akhe ayebekelwe okuzisholo kuhle: gade angakatjheji ngokwemvelo lelitimele ilizwe zibuswa Duma State. Nokho ngalesi sikhathi kwaba ukunamathela kubantukazana kuye bezwe ubhekwa credit wokubusa Fedor Ivanovich.

Unyaka 1589 Rurikovich lozalo eziphukile kuboniswe schematically esihlokweni ngenhla. sekudlule ukuvela Russia Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-700, u sinqotshwe ijoka esabekayo, kwakukhona ubunye East Slavic principalities bonke abantu. Ngokulandelayo, embundwini umlando kuwufanele lwamakhosi entsha wasebukhosini - the Romanovs.