Manor Gorenki: lapho, izithombe, umlando

E-Moscow, ngokunembile, e Balashikha ke ingenye enkulu kunawo izigodi Russian. Kule minyaka edlule kwathiwa okungewakho imindeni edume kakhulu: Dolgorukov futhi Razumovsky, Tretyakov futhi Yusupov.

Gorenki Manor yayakhiwe ibhange kwesokunxele emfuleni, ngaseningizimu kwe-Vladimir Highway, manje esibizwa Nizhny Novgorod onguthelawayeka. Babalelwa Manor nendlu enhle lahlukaniswa engadini esisemthethweni, ephelele asibekela emadanyini eziyisikhombisa, okuyinto oluhlukaniswe off iziqhingi namabhuloho. bobathathu kuphela kwaqhubeka kukhona kwaze kwaba izinsuku zethu. Ingxenye ezweni wathengiswa abanikazi eyimfihlo nge endalini. Ngenhlanhla, izakhiwo eziyinhloko, kanye futhi esigodlweni, epaki Ensemble walondoloza, nakuba akusiyo esimweni esihle.

Umlando omncane

Umlando Manor Gorenki Balashikha kunezimpande esikhathini eside esadlulako. Ngokokuqala ngqá edolobhaneni ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla Gorenki okuqondene ngekhulu XVI. Umnikazi izwe kuqala bekulokhu NR Zakhar'in-Yuriev - umfowabo unkosikazi Ivana Groznogo futhi umkhulu Tsar Mikhail Romanov. Isikhathi Nezinkinga, futhi ummango beya sobukhosi awuzange ungivumele ukuba baqale kuhlomisa Romanov izigodi.

Prince Yuri Khilkov kuphela 1693 eyakhelwe Manor indlu yokuqala, walinika kanye nendawo njengoba isipho yindodakazi yakhe UParaschiva.

Dolgorukovs

Ngo 1707, uPraskovya Khilkov ngishade Alekseya Dolgorukova. Ngo-1724 umnikazi omusha ifa enamathiselwe ibhange kwesokudla futhi Gorenki Czyżew futhi waqala ukwakha indlu. Indodana yakhe, u-Ivan, wayesethubeni lokuthola umsebenzi yimpumelelo esigodlweni, abe Intandokazi abasha uMbusi uPetru II, okuyinto evame wavakashela Gorenki.

AG Dolgorukov ngiphuphe ukuthi uPetru II ashade indodakazi yakhe eneminyaka engu nesikhombisa ubudala uCatherine. Ngo-November 1729 lapho eyingoduso, futhi kwathiwa Ekaterina umakoti eNgophezukonke. Kodwa konke kusenjalo nane umbusi ukugula futhi washona. Dolgorukovs wenza intando ngamanga lapho umbusi benza owalandela esihlalweni sobukhosi umakoti wakhe. Kodwa le mibhalo engakholwanga isikhathi eside Dolgorukovy bathunjwe, nazo zonke izimpahla zabo wayiswa Treasury.

Indlu e ekhulwini XVIII

Manor Gorenki (isithombe ungabona ngezansi) phakathi nokubusa Elizabeth laba impahla yabantwana Ukubala Razumovsky. Yena wayengumbulali chorister ka ekwayeni yesonto, futhi kamuva waba intandokazi iNdlovukazi. Razumovsky e 1747 wanquma ukwakha kabusha indlu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uqala ukwakhiwa yeSonto Zonke-Nomusa uMsindisi.

Izazi-mlando zithi kwaba lapho Alexei Razumovsky Manor waqala bachuma. Lapho liye landscaped esigodlweni, lapho isananyathiselwe lalinomnyango enkulu isitayela classical elinamakholomu ezimhlophe ubude. Emhlabeni esigodlweni sephulwe epaki enhle amachibi ehlukahlukene nasemigedeni yokufakelwa. Futhi 1809 ifa sidalwe Gorenki Botanical Society, owokuqala eRussia. Kwakukhona futhi ihlelwe ngesikhathi umtapo ngobukhulu zamabhuku natural sciences.

Kumele ukuthi umnikazi we-izindlu yena ayethanda abanothando zezitshalo ezingavamile, ukufuya okuyinto wasebenza kusukela esemncane. Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe ifa Gorenki Balashikha uvele ingadi esikhulu Botanical nge zokugcina, owakhula mayelana nesikhombisa namakhulu izitshalo emangalisayo yaletha esuka emhlabeni wonke. Lapha futhi kwakukhona izitshalo ezishisayo, okuyinto okunzima ngempela sizijwayeze isimo sezulu sendawo. Ingadi kutshalwa bamboo nemisedari Chinese, nemisayipuresi eningizimu nezihlahla zesundu. Lezi zihambi ngokuvamile babevela emazweni ahlukene, ubunyoninco ekudalweni Razumovsky.

Ngenxa yalezi amapulazi amakhulu wabukela F. B. Fisher - eyaziwa usosayensi-sezitshalo, kamuva ephethwe the Botanical Garden Petersburg. izingane asemthethweni we Earl wayengenandaba nawo, ngakho yonke impahla ngemva kokufa kwakhe, kuhlanganise Manor Gorenki, wadlulela izingane omncane. Lapho division of ifa Manor waya Alexei Kirillovich, ngubani ngaleso sikhathi owayehamba sezitshalo ayesevele aziwa, ngubani uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'Russian Onomusa. "

Naye ubuphansi waqala ukwakhiwa emikhulu. Izimali engadini ifa Alexey K. basindiswa. Wayengenaso yokuntuleka kubo ngenxa umshado uphumelele ukuze V P. Sheremetevoy.

I ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII

Phakathi nale nkathi Manor Gorenki eMoscow kushintshe kakhulu: a Manor endlini ezintathu storey lakhiwa umakhi waseScotland Adama Adamovicha Menelasa. Ingaphambili layo lihlotshiswe a kuvulandi elinamakholomu eziyisithupha omkhulu omhlophe. izazi-mlando zanamuhla-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi ukusungulwa umqondo yalo yayenziwe lalisetshenziswa design edumile esigodlweni Perov wezakhiwo omkhulu Rastrelli.

Gorenki izindlu lwenzelwe isitayela classic. Ngaphambi esinezitezi ezintathu kwaba menagerie, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi lamiswa nezitebele zamahhashi, ehlotshiswe eziqoshiwe zemabula. Kusukela ukuba ichibi kwakunezitebhisi ububanzi.

kwepaki

Emadanyini Imigede, amabhuloho, aphonswe iziqhingi, Arbor-Rotunda futhi, yebo, izikhala green owumthombo zakudala epaki ngesiNgisi. Meneles wezakhiwo yasebenza Razumovsky, umndeni Stroganov, bese banquma ukuhlala e-Russia phakade. Wayengumuntu nombhali amaphrojekthi eyingqayizivele, okuyinto obonwa amapharele yobuciko yezakhiwo - Alexandria Park Ikotishi Palace ePeterhof Palace Reserve (Tsarskoye Selo), Arsenal (Alexander Park).

isikhathi Manor ukwehla

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II (1812) Manor wabhekana nobunzima obuningi. Ngemva kokufa Alexei Kirillovich (1822) aluthola izindlu, Prince Yusupov. Izazi-mlando zithi Razumovsky akuyona kakhulu wacabanga ngokuthi ubani ozothola inxuluma Gorenki. Abaphila Besikhathi amangalelwe Umlando wakhe ukuthi ukubala kakhulu kunoyise wanakekela izitshalo zakhe kuka ezinganeni.

Njengoba bomdabu lasendulo Yusupov exhumene yobuciko eminingi yezakhiwo. Nokho, akubona bonke uyazi ukuthi iningi omangalisayo futhi esigodlweni, epaki Ensemble e Arkhangelsk sidalwe usebenzisa bathunyelwe kusukela izindlu Gorenki izihlahla, izitshalo abamba ukushisa kanye eziqoshiwe.

incithakalo Manor

Ngemva kokufa A. K. Razumovskogo Gorenki emlandweni Manor weza streak. Amanani eqoqwe kubo eminyakeni, liye ithengiswe kubantu abahlukene. Library kanye herbarium wathenga u-Alexander I, ezinye izinto wathenga abaninimhlaba kusukela emizini ezungezile, futhi kakhulu Yusupov izindlu wathengiswa abathengisi volkov, elingazange nentshisekelo kulondolozwe Manor omangalisayo. Lapho ubukhosi bazo agugile yangena labhidlika.

I zikanokusho Manor endlini waqala ukusebenza namafemu amabili futhi izindlu ezakhiwe ngokhuni lwezisebenzi ezakhiwa kuleli paki. Kule ukuhlelwa kabusha abathintekayo hhayi kuphela endlini kodwa futhi epaki nxazonke. Maria Tretyakova, umnikazi penultimate jikelele wadlula emzini ukuze iqashwe endlini.

Umnikazi kuphela lokugcina izindlu, usozimboni Sevryugov, wazama ukumsiza ukuba aphaphame. Ngaphambi inguquko wasebenzisa fabulous ngesikhathi izimali ekubuyiselweni ifa sika. the Interiors usubuyiselwe ekhaya, wafaka oda mbumbulu bahlanza yabulala namachibi ezinhlanzi. nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva abaqondiswa wezakhiwo odumile Chernyshev. nokuziqhenya kwakhe eHholo Golden esitezi sokuqala yendlu. Eyayibhalwe umsebenzi stucco ophahleni zalo namanje walondoloza.

Akunzima ukubona ngeso lengqondo kulesi silinganiso zokubuyisela, ikhumbula yokuthi abakhi kudingeke ukuba lakhiwe kabusha agqagqene izindlu ukuthi acekelwa phansi ngesikhathi umjovo ifektri noshimula, ukubabulala maqembu ephikweni ngilimise endaweni yayo emphemeni, ukuchitha yonke izakhiwo esihlahleni epaki, uzowubuyisela stucco ngidwebe endlini. Noma kunjalo, Manor kwabuyiselwa Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo lika-1917.

Gorenki Manor ezikhathini Soviet: ukusungulwa

Esikhathini eko, ifa zadliwa uhulumeni, futhi kwaphela isikhathi esithile kwakukhona ekhaya lezingane. Ngo-1925 kwakunamabandla ngisibeké esibhedlela "Red Rose" TB. It lethiwa behlonipha u- Rosa Luxemburg. By the way, uyaqhubeka ukusebenza namuhla. izakhiwo ezibazungezile baqala baphumelele cottagers ehlobo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi kwenye yezindlu zezwe zendawo isikhathi eside wahlala Meyerhold umndeni.

Manor namuhla

Phakathi neminyaka kokubusa kweSoviet ukuphathwa Ukhulelwe umsebenzi somnotho umonakalo ongalungiseki lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi. Yakhiwa insimu yalo uye walondoloza cishe yonke, kodwa eqinisweni kwepaki yasala dengwane futhi yawela labhidlika. Amachibi eziyisikhombisa balahlekelwa ezine, bagawula izihlahla eziningi, akukho emadokodweni ezijabulisayo, rotundas, ngasinda amabhuloho amabili kuphela, kodwa isimo sawo esibi.

Emphemeni ezisuka endlini eziyinhloko yangasese, igcwele ezihlabayo, kanye nezinga ekubhujisweni njengomuntu zethempeli lasendulo. Kusukela izitebhisi ezaholela epaki, kwakukhona izicucu ulahlekile futhi izinkozi kusukela esisekelweni ukuthi uma gqizisa.

Epaki osebeni lwechibi ine ezithakazelisayo engadini kanye epaki wokwakha izindlu Gorenki. Grot - isakhiwo semi engaphansi eyakhelwe kusuka cobblestone ezinkulu, okuyinto silandela imithetho out kusuka odongeni, like amazinyo nomzingeli omkhulu. Ophakathi nendawo ihholo oluyingungu futhi ezintathu ewumngcingo, ephasishi emazombezombe. Ophahleni sivale indlela engena emgedeni uqulekile izindawo. Yingani kumele usebenzise lesi sakhiwo - ngoba injabulo kaJehova noma njengoba sela abandayo, nge ukunemba akekho ongasho, Nokho, ngokombono wethu, version yesibili okungenzeka.

Groth has legend ayo, othi uma ifa kwakungekaNkulunkulu zomninindawo D. N. Saltykovoy (Saltychikha) eyaziwa bomoya ezinzima, mainsail wakhe yasetshenziselwa ahlupha le serfs. Nokho, abukho ubufakazi ngokuba lokhu akusikho, futhi kungcono nje legend. Phakathi kabusha lokugcina sivale indlela engena emgedeni kwase kubuyiselwe, kukhona kodwa namuhla kancane zigoqiwe futhi.

Liyobuyiselwa Manor Ingabe?

Ongoti yomlando Russian engazange alilahle ithemba ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo. Futhi zonke izimfanelo: muva inxuluma limenyezelwe somlando, ivikelwe isimo. Okusanda kwaqala umsebenzi wokuvuselela, kodwa zithonywa mbumbulu izakhiwo kanye ingxenye encane kwepaki. yesimo esihle izakhiwo kusivumela ukuba nethemba lokuthi ifa ekugcineni ukuthola ukubukeka yaso ehlukile enhle yokuqala. Ngingathanda ukubona ezikhathini zethu ezinzima kwakukhona abashisekeli, akazishalazeli isiko Russian.

Manor Gorenki: kanjani lapho?

I izindlu itholakala ohlangothini eningizimu Nizhny Novgorod onguthelawayeka. Ikheli ngqo Gorenki Manor: umgwaqo abathanda, 2. engafinyelelwa ngemoto, ngezitimela nangamabhasi.

Kanjani ukuze uthole Manor Gorenki imoto? Kusukela enhloko-dolobha udinga ukuya kwi-M7 umgwaqo bese ulandela yona Balashikha. I izindlu uzobona ohlangothini lwesokudla komgwaqo.

Nge eKursk sesitimela ukuhamba ukuqeqesha esiteshini Gorenki nsuku zonke. Kulo ezigodlweni kudingeka kudlule cishe amabili amakhilomitha. Ungathatha ibhasi # 336, okuyinto isuka le "yabashokobezi" metro station. Umshayeli kufanele ibuzwe ukuyeka ibhasi ngesikhathi izindlu, engakafiki edolobheni.

A amazwi ambalwa esiphethweni

Naphezu kweminyaka eminingi ukuphatha kabi, Manor Gorenki agcinwayo charm ubudala Russian izindlu zasebukhosini. Ngokungangabazeki, endlini futhi epaki elahlekile ubuhle yayo yasekuqaleni, futhi namanje ngeke kuqhathaniswe nge enjalo izigodi odumile njengoba Kuskovo futhi Arkhangelskoye. Kodwa esimweni sayo samanje kuyinto simo esiyingqayizivele ukuthi kungenziwa kuphela wazibonela nxashane behambele lesi endaweni ababekuyo.