Ngesihlahla sesinga; izinhlobo, incazelo, isithombe

Acacia isihlahla Kuyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, njengoba akusho kuphela sikhule emazweni amaningi, kodwa futhi uphawu ezinye zazo, kanye isihloko ezinganekwaneni eziningi nezinto zobuciko kanye nezincwadi.

abantu ajwayelekile yesimanje amaqoqo amhlophe noma aphuzi of ukuqhakaza isihlahla ngoMeyi empeleni banomlando eyinkulungwane. Acacia ehlotshisiwe izingadi kanye namakhaya, kusetshenziswa imithi futhi emikhosini yenkolo. Mhlawumbe hhayi emhlabeni zezihlahla, ngaphezulu ohlonishwayo amakhulu eminyaka futhi abameleli impucuko ahlukene namasiko kuka ngomuthi. Izithombe awakwazi ukuveza ubuhle kanye amakha zalesi sitshalo, okuyinto has kuka 800 zinhlobo kuze kube manje.

Umlando ngomuthi

Ohlukile lesi sihlahla uyayibona nabaseGibhithe lasendulo, ngubani owakholwa ukuthi kanyekanye lifanekisela kokubili ukuphila nokufa, njengoba izimbali izimbali ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu. Kwakungenxa kubo uphawu kankulunkulu welanga, Lentulo ukuphila. It imiqhele ophilayo unkulunkulukazi impi nokuzingela Nate.

Emiphakathini eminingi, isihlahla somunga ukufanekisa nobumsulwa ubumsulwa, futhi abakhileyo Mediterranean lasendulo babekholelwa ukuthi spikes yakhe axoshe imimoya emibi futhi ehlotshiswe amagatsha dephula emizini yabo. A Nomad ubani wadabula ehlane Arabian, kubhekwe walungcwelisa futhi ekholelwa ukuthi lowo waphula legatsha kwesihlahla bazofa ngonyaka.

Acacia, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle itholakala Torah kwaba wophawu lamaJuda lasendulo yobungcwele. Ngenxa izinkuni zawo abenziwe umkhumbi kaNowa, i-altare likaJehova kwethempeli lamaJuda futhi itabernakele, okuyinto ekuqaleni agcinwe i-Ark Vumelwano.

KumaKristu KweNkathi Ephakathi kulesi sihlahla lifanekisela ukuhlanzeka engqondweni nobumsulwa, ngakho amagatsha awo ehlotshisiwe amakhaya. uwoyela Acacia elisetshenziswa imicikilisho imiphakathi ehlukahlukene imfihlo, futhi abapristi ezigcotshwe altare abo nempepho.

indawo ezikhulayo

Acacia isihlahla kungokwalabo umndeni imidumba futhi ingafinyelela 25-30 metres ubude. lesi sitshalo kubhekwa okwazalelwa kuyo i-Nyakatfo Melika, nakuba iningi zinhlobo ayo zimila ukubhekisela emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele e-Afrika, Asia, eMexico nase-Australia.

Kuye indawo, kungaba isitshalo njengoba izihlahla futhi ezihlabayo bok. Kuhlakulele eYurophu kwaqala ekhulwini le-18 ngenxa ukuphulukiswa izakhiwo, ubuhle kanye nokhuni eqinile. Namuhla, emadolobheni amaningi ase-eRussia kanye CIS kungabonwa ke owande kakhulu - Robin, ngubani njengoba black isikhonyane ezaziwayo. Umuthi ongakwazi ukumelana namazinga okubanda kanye zeqhwa Acacia dealbata, eyaziwa ngokuthi mimosa. Lo muthi isikhonyane ikhula kuphela amahlathi emvula e-Afrika.

Incazelo zezinto eziphilayo

Kungakhathaliseki lapho lesi sitshalo sikhula, lo ngomuthi has izici nobuntu wonke umndeni:

• Uneziqu uhlelo strong impande, kusale impande main ukujula okukhulu futhi ube seduze enqala ebusweni inhlabathi. Lokhu kusiza isitshalo ukukhiqiza amanzi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi izakhi mkhondo ewusizo.
• Isiqu sawo singafinyelela ubude obungamamitha-12 kuya ku-30 metres enesiqu esingaphezu 1.2-2 m. Crust umbala kuhluka grey ukukhanya esemncane futhi phambi luhlaza brown njengoba zikhula, futhi isakhiwo has a ebusweni enameva longitudinal.
• acacias Iningi ukuhlukanisa amahlamvu Iqanda emise, ku petioles eside eqoqwe yanjalo kusukela izingcezu 7 kuya kwezingu-21. Le ngxenye yangaphandle ishidi has luhlaza cwe, kuyilapho kwangaphakathi kungenzeka oluhlaza silvery noma lemicu empunga elinamathela othini. Ukuba khona ameva njengoba esivela iningi bale zilwane, nakuba zikhona abazibonela kuzo bengekho nhlobo.
• Acacia (isithombe ikubonise) has izimbali ezinkulu ngombala amhlophe noma aphuzi, bahlangana ngo-Cluster, nakuba kukhona florets elincane panicle, ngisho efihlekile olulodwa.

• izithelo Tree kukhona pod brown equkethe 5-6 ubhontshisi. Baziwa kahle izakhiwo zabo zokwelapha kabanzi isixazululi nkinga yehadiwe nezinsiza.

Zibonisa nobuntu iningi bale zilwane, nakuba zikhona ezehlukile.

Acacia Snap

Kuyinto ezivamile emapaki ezisemadolobheni nasemigwaqweni lesihlahla. Acacia, nakuba ngokuvamile likhula masinyane, afinyelele ebudaleni zihamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha kweminyaka engu-40.

Ezingeni ukuphakama m 20 ububanzi 1.2 m, kukhona i umqhele quin futhi izimbali ezimhlophe ne iphunga elimnandi, uhlanganyela emabhulashini kuya ku-20 cm ubude. Ngokuvamile ngomuthi Snap angase abe iziqu ezimbili, izimbali zawo ziwukudla kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka May kuya ekuqaleni kuka June, hhayi lifuna anakekele, uyazibekezelela ehlobo ezomile. amahlamvu ezimise elliptically abe luhlaza esiluhlaza ehlobo futhi ephuzi elikhanyayo ekwindla. Kubonakala ngempela ngasekupheleni, cishe ngasikhathi sinye nge izimbali.

Acacia segolide

Small, kufika ku-12 m ukuphakama, lezi zihlahla ziba ngokushesha zile. ngomuthi Golden (Robinia pseudoacacia Frisia) has iziqu eziningana kanye namahlamvu amahle ukukhanya yellow ukuma okweqanda. On the lwalugobile, amagatsha amazombe amahlamvu prickly livela kamuva, ngaphambi nje kokuba izimbali ngasekupheleni May - ekuqaleni kuka June.

Ngokokuqala ngqá kulesi sihlahla latholakala eNetherlands ngo-1935. Blooms inflorescences elimnandi elimhlophe 20 cm ubude, isithelo ensundu flat. Amaqabunga pinnate amakhaza, kwathi ngakusasa izingcezu 7 kuya ku-19 phezu petiole.

Lokhu ngomuthi akuyona lifuna anakekele, noma ukhetha ezomile inhlabathi humus. Ngo nenhlabathi elina kakhulu kungathatha uhlushwa frost futhi bafe.

Acacia oyindilinga futhi isambulela

A sobudala phakathi kwemithi yalesi zilwane Acacia Isigaxa (Pseudoacacia Bessoniana). It aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-100 lapho futhi akhule ngokuphindwe amamitha 20 ukuphakama, ukwakha inzalo. Ngokuvamile it has iziqu eziningi.

Ngokucophelela pinnate amahlamvu, umqhele kungaba quin noma sikhululekile, nxazonke. Izimbali akuyona obukhulu, emhlophe emabhulashini elimnandi ku-20 cm ubude. Petioles eziqhakaza kusukela ukuma amahlamvu 7 kuya 19 okweqanda umbala esiluhlaza. Izithelo izinhlobo kufika ku-12 cm ubude, a ubhontshisi flat ensundu. Lokhu ngomuthi uthanda ilanga futhi abekezelele kahle nesomiso, enhlabathini akulona kwendle. Uma watshala ensimini sifana nomuthi, inhlabathi esindayo futhi olumanzi kufanele kugwenywe. Frost emhlabathini sengathi ngomuthi izimpande kungenteka uhlushwe kakhulu.

Acacia isambulela itholakala e-Afrika futhi ogwadule Israyeli. Ezwekazini hot yena uhlala amathafa futhi abathandwa bonke abakhileyo kulo, njengoba inikeza ithunzi, sibonga umqhele yayo, okuyinto ifana isambulela. Empeleni, kuba yisivikelo ezingokomfanekiso ezivela imisebe okuchochobalisayo kwelanga, ngoba amaqabunga ayo babuyele onqenqemeni ngase inkanyiso.

Umuthi has ameva ezinkulu abukhali, okuyinto uyivikele kusukela ezidla uhlaza eziningi abahlala Savannah. It blooms izimbali ezincane kakhulu nge stamens eside eqoqwe in a phehla. Kukhona ophuzi noma amhlophe.

Ngokusho yetinsita kusukela isambulela amaJuda ngomuthi aphuma eGibhithe, benza Umkhumbi KaNowa.

Acacia emgwaqweni

Ngokuvamile ezitholakala ezikhethekile ezitolo emgwaqweni ngomuthi izithombo ezidayiswa e imbali amabhodwe.

Pseudoacacia Monophylla slabovospriimchiva ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kuyakhula izihlahla futhi thornless ukubukwa, ukufinyelela 25 m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga lokhu neparnoperistye ngomuthi futhi ezimthende: ekuqaleni isiqu sama usayizi encane, kodwa ngasekupheleni ongafinyelela 15 cm ubude. Esinemthombo ka frosted amahlamvu luhlaza cwe ehlobo futhi ephuzi ekwindla. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amahlamvu zinobuthi kakhulu.

Amagatsha ungaba zig-zag noma ovundlile, ukubukeka iphakame kancane. Izimbali izimbali esikhulu esimhlophe, bahlangana ezithelo kufike ku-20 cm ubude kanye iphunga elimnandi. Umuthi uthanda ilanga futhi ungazisebenzisi futhi indlela yokwakheka inhlabathi.

Acacia bristle

Leli gama libhekisela kokubili isihlahla Arborea, okuyinto ifinyelela ukuphakama 2 kwamamitha nomuthi, okuyinto, kuye endaweni ezikhulayo bengase bazikhandlele 15 kuya ku-20 m. Izinhlelo impande Yamandla prickly amagatsha eqinile amazombe ukwenza isitshalo umoya ukumelana. Lezi zinhlobo ngomuthi imbali izimbali ezinhle ezinkulu onsomi noma pink ngombala ngaphandle iphunga eqoqwe inflorescence ka 3-6 izicucu.

Igama isitshalo wathola ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi amahlumela embozwe ngokubomvu bristles. Amahlamvu zipendwe dark umbala oluhlaza Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, emthunzini ophuzi - ekwindla. Uma ekhula Acacia enjalo engadini, ayimkhangi ngemibala yayo enkulu futhi egqamile.

Akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, it ukhetha endaweni ethule futhi libalele, kulula ukubekezelela ehlobo ezomile. Ukuze wakhe, ngisho enhlabathini abampofu uzokwenza.

Acacia pink

Yesigcilikisha Robinia (Robinia viscosa Vent.), Njengoba ibizwa ngokuthi, umtholo pink livela eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Nyakatfo Melika, nayo ayetshalwe Ukraine. Umuthi ungaba njengoba eliphezulu 7 kuya ku-12 m ukuphakama, kodwa has a ongaphakeme bempilo.

Ukukhonkotha luhlaza brown bushelelezi, amagatsha kungenzeka enameva encane. Amahlumela kwesihlahla embozwe mass okunamathelayo, walinika igama layo. Acacia pink izimbali ezinkulu, kuze kufinyelele 2-3 cm ubude, izimbali nengenaphunga. Babuthana e uqonde racemes ka 6-12 izingcezu, futhi embozwe izinwele okunamathelayo, ekhanga izinyosi. Izinkuni enhle kakhulu honey plant kanye pyltsenosom.

Kulabo balimi abakhetha ukuba akhule in the izitshalo engadini eziqhakazayo eside, njengoba has 4-5 amagagasi izimbali, esiqhubeka kuze kube maphakathi no-September, lolu hlobo ngomuthi esihlahleni. Amahlamvu yalesi sihlahla makhulu, kuze kufinyelele 20 cm ubude. luhlaza okotshani ngenhla, ngezansi lemicu empunga elinamathela othini babutha phezu petiole e inani izingcezu 13 kuya 25.

Izinkuni Undemanding, eziqinile (amelana -28 degrees) angakhula kunoma iyiphi nenhlabathi.

Acacia dealbata

eyaziwa kahle kubo bonke mimosa abesifazane post-Soviet, lena Acacia dealbata, okuyinto kubhekwa lapho kwazalelwa Australia futhi isiqhingi Tasmania.

Lokhu isihlahla esihlale siluhlaza ongafinyelela 45 amamitha emazweni azo endabuko, kodwa kwamanye amazwe ingeqi amamitha 12. lezinti zalo has a ukukhanya kwe-tint grey noma ensundu imifantu mpo, okuyindawo kulandela sezinsini.

Amaqabunga grey-oluhlaza, pinnatisect kabili, hamba uvule petiole futhi sifinyelele kusuka 10 cm 20 cm ubude. Izimbali ezincane kakhulu, njengoba zithutha aphuzi e panicles, akhiwa panicle zazo. Banezinhliziyo iphunga eqinile kakhulu futhi ezimnandi.

Acacia imbewu esiliva flat futhi okuqinile, kungaba matte noma emnyama kancane ecwebezelayo.

izinkumbi

Robinia noma ngomuthi zamanga (Robinia pseudacacia L.) is kahle wabanjwa ezwekazini laseYurophu futhi kuba ezijwayele izakhamuzi zakhona eziningi. izimbali zawo ezimhlophe ihlaba umkhosi iphunga eqinile kakhulu futhi kumnandi ukuba ukhange abantu nje kuphela kodwa futhi izinyosi.

Lo muthi uhlala okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-30 kuya ku-40 ubudala, has a uqweqwe sinombala, esakaza umqhele namahlamvu eluhlaza imparipinnate. Izithelo ngomuthi uvuthwe ngo September - October, futhi ewa komnyaka kuphela.

Acacia kwezokwelapha

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali amagxolo ngomuthi futhi umphumela wawo umzimba azikaqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa namuhla Iziphungo ka kunconywa abelaphi nje kuphela kodwa futhi umuthi olusemthethweni. Njengoba amagxolo, izimbali nezithelo zalesi sitshalo zinobuthi ngokuvamile, ukuzisebenzisa kuphela ngemva kokukhuluma nodokotela kanye kule ngemithamo Kunconywa wabo.