Ngo kokukhulelwa kwesibeletho eJalimane

Okokuqala, ngaphandle kwesibeletho fertilization (IVF) - kuyinto inqubo lapho iqanda is avundiswa ngu isidoda ngaphandle komzimba sowesifazane ngaphandle kwesibeletho. ECO kuyinto indlela eyinhloko ekwelapheni ukungabi nenzalo uma ezinye izindlela ezisiza ubuchwepheshe zokuzala zehlulekile. Inqubo kuhlanganisa okwashiwo besifazane nge-ovulation inqubo, kokukhipha amaqanda kusukela amaqanda womuntu wesifazane futhi ukuba isidoda zalisa nabo konemimoya ketshezi egunjini lokucwaninga esibhedlela. Lapho umjikelezo wemvelo sowesifazane ilawulwa, ukuvundisa ukuthola amaqanda ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wemvelo IVF. Iqanda avundiswa (zygote) is wabe esethunyelwa kwesibeletho lesiguli ngenhloso yokudala sokukhulelwa yimpumelelo. Ukuzalwa kuqala ngempumelelo a "ukukhulelwa okwenziwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho umntwana", Luizy Braun, okwenzeka ngo-1978. Luiza Braun wazalwa ngenxa yemvelo umjikelezo IVF. URobert G. Edwards, le physiologist ezahlela le ndlela yokwelapha, waklonyeliswa uMklomelo KaNobel ngo Physiology noma Medicine ngo-2010.

Igama elithi "ngaphandle kwesibeletho" kusukela Latin elisho "e ingilazi" futhi lisetshenziswa ngoba ekuqaleni ucwaningo begazi kwi ukutshala kwezicubu ngaphandle eziphilayo abasuka kuwo, Kwakuseshwa ingilazi iziqukathi ezifana beakers, ukuhlolwa amashubhu noma izitsha petri. Namuhla, igama elithi "ngaphandle kwesibeletho" isetshenziselwa ukuchaza kunoma inqubo yemvelo ukuthi wenziwa ngaphandle komzimba, lapho iseli besiyoyihlakulela ngokuvamile, ukuze lihlukaniswe lo in vivo inqubo, lapho izicubu uhlala ngaphakathi eziphilayo lapho ngokuvamile injalo. Spoken elithi "test tube ingane" yasungulwa ukuze izinsana singazalwa ngasikhathi IVF, futhi sihlobana esitsheni ijabulise yengilazi noma ye-resin plastic, ngokuthi amashubhu test ezisetshenziswa e zamakhemikhali laboratories begazi. Nokho, ngo-kokukhulelwa kwesibeletho, ngokuvamile lwenziwa amashubhu ezincane, okuthiwa Petri izitsha. Omunye indlela IVF, autologous endometrial co-isiko, empeleni kwenziwa okusekelwe izinto eziphilayo, kodwa namanje kubhekwa "ngaphandle kwesibeletho".

IVF ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukungabi nenzalo nensikazi, elihlobene ne izinkinga kuzo ngemibhobho fallopian, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu kokukhulelwa vivo. Kungasiza futhi ekwelapheni ukungabi nenzalo wesilisa, lapho kunesici ngekhwalithi isidoda. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isidoda intracytoplasmic (ITSIS) umjovo ingasetshenziswa lapho isidoda is injected ngqo iqanda. Lokhu isetshenziswa lapho isidoda kalula zingene amaqanda, futhi kulezi amacala kungenziwa lesidoda umlingani noma donor esetshenziswa. ITSIS futhi wasebenzisa lapho isidoda omzimba emancane. Kuye kwatholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ITSIS sokukhulisa iphesenti IVF impumelelo.

ezokuvakasha wokuzala - umkhuba ukuya kwamanye amazwe ekwelapheni ukungabi nenzalo. Kungaba ibhekwe njengoba oluthile ezokuvakasha wezokwelapha. Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu ezokuvakasha zokuzala kungenzeka ukulawulwa zezomthetho inqubo edingekayo kuleli zwe ekhaya, noma amanani aphansi. Ngo kokukhulelwa kwesibeletho futhi abazalwa ngamaqanda nesidoda okwanikelwa kukhona izinqubo eziyisisekelo ezokuvakasha zokuzala.

Kukhona isidingo jikelele ngoba isidoda abanikeli abanezinkinga zofuzo umndeni, ne kahle kakhulu, imfundo ephakeme, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho inani elithile has ukuphakama, ubudala, umbala wamehlo, unwele, igazi kanye nobuhlanga. Anecdotally, kodwa okuhlangenwe nakho okubonisa ukuthi ukufuneka ephezulu abanikeli ngubani ezimhlophe yemvelo onamehlo aluhlaza, ezinkulu. Mhlawumbe yingakho izivakashi eziningi kangaka yezokwelapha ukuza eJalimane nezinjongo zokuzala.