Nichrome Kuvunguza: izakhiwo kanye isicelo

kusukela epilweni yangamalanga yesimodeni akunakwenzeka ukucabanga ngaphandle lenqwaba zikagesi ezahlukene. Kwabaningi babo Kuvunguza Nichrome main okuyingxenye - "inhliziyo" mshini. Zikagesi, umshini amathuluzi, amathuluzi kagesi esetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi ekukhiqizeni emikhulu, kuyinto encike ngqo kwi yesaha ngamafutha ingxubevange yasekuqaleni.

incazelo

Ngo-1905, usosayensi American Albert Marsh waqamba ukuhlanganisa chromium kanye ne-nickel. Ifomula lobunikazi kanje 20% chromium futhi 80% ne-nickel. Ingxubevange okwakuthiwa u - nichrome. Ekuqaleni, kwakungekho Ligation (izakhi refractory) e ingxube kwaba ingxubevange ezimbili ingxenye. Namuhla kungenzeka ukuthola ezahlukeneyo nge okuqukethwe nickel ka-55% futhi chromium 15%. Ukungcola kukhona insimbi, i-silicon manganese, aluminium, titanium, molybdenum, i-silicon. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-eziyishumi "zokupheka" metal ukuwa ngaphansi ekubizweni nichrome.

Kuvunguza Nichrome kokuba an eliphezulu ngokwedlulele resistivity isibe ingxenye esisemqoka amathuluzi amaningi kanye zomculo. Umzimba womuntu ungakwazi withstanding okusezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa namachibi evamile futhi ezindaweni onakalisayo. Lokhu ingxubevange unalo impahla ngenxa yokubakhona chromium, esiyingxenye phezu isihloko ngesikhwama esivikelayo oxide ifilimu. Yena uveza ingxubevange ngombala omnyama. Uma ususa (ngesenzo mechanical) ungqimba oxidized, izinguquko tint a grey olumhlophe.

Y kanambambili ingxubevange akanazakhiwo kazibuthe, ukuhlela kabusha multicomponent kungenzeka attenuated nemingcele. Kuvunguza Nichrome kuyinto ductility ezimangelengele nokuhle. Wire ekhiqizwa nge kwesigaba sihluke 0.01 kuya ku-10 mm. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zihlanganisa:

• resistivity kagesi - OM`m 1100-1400;
• ukuma ukuze 1400 ngamadigrizi (ububanzi ukusebenza - 800-1100 degrees Celsius);
• inhlanganiso - 8200-8500 kg / m ^3;
• amandla - 650-700 MPA.

izakhiwo Material ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eliphakeme zobuchwepheshe.

izinzuzo

funa Wayemude emncane ngomzimba futhi enamandla izingxenye kusukela Nichrome ingxubevange kungenxa izimfanelo ezimangalisayo:

• lungekho ukugqwala;
• isisindo ongaphakeme;
• lula inqubo (wanyathela kalula futhi ashiselwe);
• It has okusezingeni eliphezulu ukushisa ukumelana;
• okuhlala kanye nezimo ngesikhathi esifanayo;
• libhekene Ukumelana lenyuka kuya ezindaweni ezinodlame;
• It has a ukuphila isikhathi eside.

Enye inzuzo obalulekile yilona ukumelana kagesi. In practice, lokhu ipharamitha ivumela okumbalwa Nichrome (Nichrome Kuvunguza obuphelele emifushane) ukuthola ukushisa ngaphezu, isibonelo, ilungu steel. Ngenxa yalokho, inani ezincane metal kunganciphisa isisindo kanye nosayizi lonke kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Inzuzo enkulu nichrome - inhlanganisela yazo zonke lezi amamethrikhi e ukwaziswa okufanayo.

zinhlobo

Kuvunguza Nichrome zingenziwa zokuguqulwa ezihlukahlukene ingxubevange futhi kube ukushuba ezahlukene. Izitembu zihlukile ukubunjwa yabo futhi zihlukaniswe (kunemibandela) ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Resistor: H20N80 (20% chromium, 80% nickel); H20N73YUM-VI (20% chromium, 73% nickel, 3% aluminium, 1.5% molybdenum, kuze 0.3% manganese, kuze 0.05% titanium, 2% yensimbi, kuze 0.05% carbon , kwancibilika cleaner lokungeniswa indlela).
• Ukuze ukusetshenziswa at okushisa ngenhla degrees 900.
• Ukuze Ukushisa izakhi ukumelana lenyuka okushisa aphakeme: HN70YU-H (27% chromium, 70% nickel, 3% aluminium, kuze 0.3% manganese, kuze 0.03% of cesium, futhi-0.1% barium yombala futhi 1, 5% yensimbi, kuze 0.1% carbon).

On olinganise izingxenye zalo abalekeleli izakhiwo ingxubevange ancike. Inani elikhulu chromium kuvimbela namachibi.

Ububanzi

Phakathi okufunwa kakhulu nichrome wire impahla iphathelene kagesi imikhiqizo emakethe. Helix lokhu ingxubevange isetshenziswa onobuhle eziningi ka heater kagesi. izingcweti ukuyisebenzisa ekhaya:

• ama-apharathasi evutha izinkuni;
• amaziko okuzenzela for kokudubula zobumba;
• Ukushisa amadivayisi okusheshayo izinsimbi ezithile smithy;
• esikhiqiza Ukushisa imiklamo elula ( "Izimbuzi");
• welders okuzenzela.

Ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini nickel chromium e zasendlini kabanzi: izinwele dryers, ziboshwe ngozankosi, zase heater, nokunamathisela ngomthofu ziboshwe ngozankosi, zase kagesi nokunye. Wire nge cross-section enkulu isetshenziselwa othomathikhi Welding izicelo. i ingxubevange okunjalo kungatholakala imishini laboratory kanye ensimini electronic. wire Nichrome isetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona ukumelana amazinga aphakeme okushisa ezindaweni onakalisayo.