Njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile Polyvalent - kuyini? izimpawu

Manje-ke wathola okwandile yokungezwani komzimba polyvalent. Kuyini lokhu? Lena isimo lapho kungase kube nezici allergenic amaningi oyedwa. Abaningi ngisho nokuwabona ukuthi banayo ukusabela engavamile ukuba ukudla, imithi, amakhemikhali. Ngabe waqala kanjani lesi sifo?

definition

njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile Polyvalent - a hypersensitivity izinhlobo eziningi nomzimba. Ashaywe kungaba ezifanayo imvelaphi noma isakhiwo zamakhemikhali kuhluke bodwa.

Uma umuntu iyathintwa kanyekanye ne antigen eziningana ezivela kwamanye amazwe, umzimba ekuphenduleni isenzo esinjalo ekhiqizwa eyinkimbinkimbi izinto asebenzayo ukuthi kumkhathaze stereotypical izicubu ukuphendula futhi uketshezi. Ngokuvamile, lapho umzimba wakho uxabana ne polyvalent kuthinte amaningi isitho izinhlelo.

izizathu

Kungani umuntu eba yokungezwani komzimba polyvalent, futhi umuntu ngeke? Imibono ososayensi baye okwamanje bavumelana eyodwa samuntu, Ngakho-ke, kukhona izinketho eziningana, ngayinye yaba unalo ilungelo lokuthatha akhona.

It kuholela e isibalo sabalandeli theory zofuzo. Kusekelwe phezu kweqiniso lokuthi komzimba zinqunywa kusukela ekuzalweni futhi exhumene ukulandelana nucleotide esasizithole nabazali. Ukweseka lokhu mbono yizingane ezinabazali babe komzimba, futhi, nivame hyperactivity.

Umbono wesibili uveza ukuthi ukuvela komzimba elihlobene ne ukusebenza asanele noma okungavamile izivikeli mzimba. Abantu abaningi abanale hypersensitivity, kukhona okwakumenza angenwe izifo kalula ezingamahlalakhona ngokuvamile baphathwe amaphilisi noma amahomoni, musa ukuphuma esibhedlela.

Futhi ekugcineni, imfundiso lwesithathu lisitshela ukuthi ukuvela komzimba ehlangene ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kanye nogwayi. Yiqiniso, imikhuba emibi, futhi bazuze kuzo akukho emzimbeni, kodwa ubufakazi ukuthi yilokhu kuphakamisa Hyper, futhi, engakaze ezitholakele.

Ezinganeni, njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile polyvalent angagcina ngenxa isingeniso ekuqaleni ukudla aphelele noma yokudla ngokuphelele yokufakelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima ebalulekile udlalwa izikelemu. Zishukumisa namasosha omzimba futhi neqhaza ukuvela komzimba.

Njengomthetho, akukho yisiphi isizathu esisodwa esenza kukhona hypersensitivity. Kuyinto njalo zonke lezi zizathu.

pathogenesis

njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile Polyvalent akwenzeki ngokuphazima kweso futhi ngosuku olulodwa. Yini umuntu ethatha ngoba ukusabela ezingalindelekile umzimba, eqinisweni, sekuyisikhathi eside kuhlelwe ekusebenzeni izivikeli mzimba zakho. Kungakhathaliseki inhlamvu isici kungaba, yimuphi ukuphendula hypersensitivity kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu ukuthuthukiswa:

1. esigabeni sokuqala: sebelazi antigen. Uthi isidumbu sokuqala sihlangana nge alien chemical kwakwakhe, kungakhathaliseki impova, amakha, imithi, noma lesi silwanyana. Kuyinto enqubeni yokufunda kanye ngekhanda futhi kukhiqizwe immunoglobulin E, okuyinto banesibopho reactivity umzimba.
2. isigaba sesibili: cytochemistry. Ngu okuphindaphindiwe ukuxhumana allergen oyenza Ige, wahlela insika amaseli bese egazini semali ukhiphe izinto asebenzayo ezifana histamine, serotonin, nezinye interleukin.
3. Isigaba sesithathu: ukuvela izimpawu. Imiphumela okuholela kwi "cocktail" izidakamizwa amakhemikhali asebenzayo abantu kungenzeka bronchospasm, ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ububomvu, futhi ukuqubuka, rhinitis, conjunctivitis nokuningi.

Liphinde ekuthuthukiseni nomzimba polyvalent. Izinga lesithathu yenqubo esimweni lesi sifo zingase zephuze, ukuthatha amafomu yinqaba noma exubile, kodwa namanje yokusabela stereotyped ukuze ayehlasela izingxenye angaphandle.

izimpawu

Sesikubonile kakade kuchazwe kafushane njengoba polyvalent yokungezwani komzimba kuzibonakalisa. Izimpawu zingase avele ngokushesha ngemva kokungenwa i-allergen, noma zephuze ngesikhathi. Lokhu kuncike umthamo kanye ukuchayeka (ngamanye amazwi, ukuchayeka isikhathi) kanye inhlamvu isici ngezici ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, uthuli nempova imbangela yokucasuka yaleli pheshana yokuphefumula, futhi ngemva ukungenisa lamantongomane izingcezu athuthukile edema generalized.

Uhlelo zokuphefumula nge yokungezwani komzimba polyvalent kungenzeka izimpawu ezifana rhinitis, iphika, imisipha spasm ka bronchial somoya ukuhlaselwa. Kungazelelwe kwaqhamuka umlisa kuba nzima ukuphefumula, yena waba gasping, ukukhwehlela siqala, mhlawumbe ukukhala. Uma isiguli uyazi lesifo sakhe, has njalo naye nesifutho ephaketheni nge ikhambi okusheshayo. Ikhono ukusiza ngokushesha ngokwabo wasindisa ukuphila kwabantu abaningi abanemizimba ezwelayo. Ngokuvamile, nomzimba kuzoba Kulokhu volatiles: uthuli, impova, uvolo, amakha kanye neminye imithi aerosol.

On the ingxenye emathunjini ngemva ukungenisa ukudla ukudla allergenic khona lomkhuba sohudo. Isiguli bangase bathi lezi zinto sifo sezinyawo, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, abampofu ukudla izinga noma ukudla okungajwayelekile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma ukuhlaselwa kuyoba njalo, akungabazeki ngokwemvelo yabo uhlala.

urticaria

njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile Polyvalent (ICD-10 ababelwe ikhodi T78.4 zi) kubonakaliswe ngesimo ukuqubuka esikhumbeni futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Kulokhu, lo allergen faka indlela isimiso akubalulekile, kodwa kwakuyindlela abasabela ngayo okukhulu ngaphezulu eba ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana ngqo, ezifana ukugeza izandla, ukuhlanza, ukuqoqa izimbali nezithelo. Ngokuvamile kubangele isifuba ukudla noma amakhemikhali nomzimba: utshwala, ama-ejenti Antiplatelet, izibulali-magciwane, izimonyo nezinto ezifana nalezo.

Emtholampilo, lolu hlobo i yokungezwani komzimba polyvalent livela njengendlela reddening kwesikhumba ku ezishile uhlobo edema kanye ukubukeka Bubbles ezincane ngokuqukethwe ecacile. Kwezinye izimo, ukulunywa unamathele. Izimpawu ze-isifuba kungenziwa kalula isuswe antihistamine yokugcoba, izifutho kanye amaphilisi (uma ukuqubuka kudlangile). Alukho ushintsho esikhumbeni engahlali, kodwa ubonakalisiwe kanye, lolu hlobo yokungezwani komzimba ukuze ziyabuya futhi uthanda ukuba ashaye iziguli.

angioedema

Allergy polyvalent, nabo semali allergen kungenzeka obonakala njengenhlangano edema izicubu entanyeni noma angioedema. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukulunywa yizinambuzane ebusweni ku ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo noma yokungezwani komzimba ukudla, umthamo omkhulu akudingekile. Mucosa nezicubu ongama elingenhla zokuphefumula ipheshana nentamo zitho kahle vascularized, ngakho-ejenti sokugembula ngokushesha zisakazeka kuwo esifundeni.

Ngokuvamile, angioedema limelela uhlobo ngokushesha ukuphendula umzimba uxabane nawo, futhi kungase kube yingozi abantu ngisho noma Ungowokuqala okuxhunyanwa naye ne allergen. Ngenxa edema kwenzeka croup zamanga - ukuvaleka mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we umphimbo - futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuphazamiseka Ukuhamba nokubopha zokuphefumula. Uma isiguli alinikezi usizo oluphuthumayo, amathuba okuthi umphumela omuhle ziyokuwa ngokucijile. Yingakho lonke udokotela esandleni yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule ikhithi, "Adrenaline", "ephedrine", "Prednisolone" futhi "Eufillin". Lokhu izidakamizwa usizo lokuqala for angioedema.

ukushaqeka anaphylactic

Isimo esiyingozi kakhulu yokungezwani komzimba abanale nkinga kuba ukushaqeka anaphylactic. Ngokuvamile-ke kwenzeka uma udle kuyo izinto ezixabana nomzimba: ukudla noma imithi. Noma iyiphi inombolo izinto bebelokhu ukuphendula ukuqala ngokushesha uthayiphe izinhlayiya ezincane kunazo ngokwanele ukuqalisa omkhulu insika iseli degranulation.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo iconsi elibukhali blood pressure kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ikhoma, zavimbela, eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, ukuphefumula ezingavamile, ukuquleka, futhi pallor. Umuntu onalo isikhashana edlule wazizwa emihle, manje efile phambi abedlula ngendlela wethukile. With ukuthuthukiswa Esimeni esinjalo, kufanele ngokushesha shayela i-ambulense futhi sithathe izinyathelo esiphuthumayo, uma kunesidingo, bebodwa (uma ungakwazi, vele).

Ukuze udokotela, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuhlukanisa anaphylaxis kusukela PE omkhulu (embolism yamaphaphu), acute senhliziyo, unhlangothi, nezinye izimo ezihilela okungazelelwe kollaptoidnye syndrome.

Polyvalent izidakamizwa yokungezwani komzimba

Muva nje, ngo-umkhuba emtholampilo, amacala komzimba nezinto izidakamizwa. Lowo ezivamile, okungenani - ambalwa ngesikhathi. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi isimo esinjalo kuye kwaholela edonsa engalawuliwe kwezidakamizwa amacala njalo zokuzelapha.

Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala OZ (izifo sibi zokuphefumula) abantu musa ukuya kudokotela, futhi wathumela ekhemisi, lapho ukuthenga imithi elwa namagciwane eqinile noma ama-ejenti elwa namagciwane. Khona-ke uzithatha ku scheme yabo ekhethiwe. Lokhu kuzenza zibe zimbi nakakhulu ukumelana osuvele ekwelashweni microbial uphinde wenza ukuthuthukiswa komzimba nezinto.

Esinye isizathu kubuhlungu, ngisho nesifiso sokugembula yomuntu yesimanje ukuhlanza. Yonke indawo ungathola elwa namagciwane insipho, usula futhi izifutho. Ngempela kuhle ukuthi kukhona izindawo ezinjalo, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo elifanele izibhedlela nezinye izikhungo ezifanayo, kodwa hhayi ekhaya. Akakuvumeli umzimba ukuxhumana nge amagciwane, thina wehlise ikhono kwamasosha omzimba esilwane nokuvuselela ukuthuthukiswa komzimba.

Piobakteriofag kuyinto wokugoma multicomponent okuhloswe ngaso ukunciphisa imithelela izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane emva imvelo staphylococcal futhi streptococcal. Komzimba a piobakteriofag polyvalent kungenzeka uma non-ukuhambisana umthamo noma ukungabekezelelani ngabanye, kodwa, njengoba umthetho, izimo ezinjalo awavamile. Ngokuvamile, izidakamizwa yokungezwani komzimba eba emithini elwa, ukubulala izinzwa engxenyeni ethile futhi jikelele, latex, izidakamizwa equkethe amafutha abalulekile.

njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile alimentary

ukudla Polyvalent yokungezwani komzimba kungase kubangelwe izinkinga ezinye umkhiqizo onjani, futhi izinto okuyinto lo mkhiqizo iphathwa ezimbonini noma ensimini. Kukhona uhlu ezivamile nomzimba ukudla:

1. Kwasekuqaleni, yebo, amantongomane. Ngisho ezincane, trace, amanani kwalo mkhiqizo kungabangela anaphylaxis futhi angioedema. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi ngempela ibonisa imininingwane enjalo iphakethe.
2. Kwaselwandle, ikakhulukazi leyo engatholakali zindawo zethu. Lezi zihlanganisa izimbaza, izimfanzi, caviar abomvu.
3. Amaqanda. Inkukhu amaprotheni uyakwazi ukubangela ngempela ukusabela iguliswa enobudlova, ngakho abanye omama ngokuqapha ukwethula lo mkhiqizo ekudleni komntwana, futhi iqala, njengoba umthetho, ne isikhuphasha.
4. Strawberry nezinye izithelo obomvu ukuqubuka ezifana isifuba kanye ukuvuvukala ebusweni ezinganeni.
5. Noma yimuphi izithelo ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi Izithelo ezisawolintshi. Izinto ukuthi eziqukethwe amathambo izikhumba yezithelo ezinjalo kungaba nomzimba oqinile.
6. Okusanhlamvu wenza ngokolweni: semolina, oatmeal, ibhali kanye nabanye. Kuzo kukhona gluten, okuyinto eyingozi kubantu abane yesifo celiac (a kofuzo emathunjini).
7. Ucedzela uju yethu phezulu. Lo is impela a umkhiqizo ewusizo futhi edingeka kakhulu, kodwa uma umuntu sesivele yokungezwani komzimba ukuze impova ke uju nemikhiqizo yalo beyoba.

ukudla Polyvalent yokungezwani komzimba ingavela njengengane encane futhi omdala. Ngokuvamile, izingane outgrow umzimba wakho uxabana ne ukudla futhi kungenzeka ngalokho ngemva kwesikhathi eside.

ukuhlola

njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile Polyvalent (ikhodi ye-ICD-10 nangaphezulu) sitholakale ulula, kodwa kunzima ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ubunzima itholakala lokuthi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuqhuba ucwaningo kwi konke nomzimba. Kuyinto ngempela eqolo futhi ngokuvamile akusizi ngalutho. Odokotela batusa ukuthi ngaphambi inqubo bebodwa enjalo yenza uhlu ezenzo inhlamvu izici kuphela hlola kubo.

Kunezindlela ezimbili ukucacisa allergen. Eyokuqala - ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. On the ngaphakathi ibhodi lemisindo imivimbo ezincane isicelo ukumiswa nomzimba ngendlela dilution eqinile. A (ezincane) isikhathi ngemva udokotela uhlola indawo kwesicelo. Uma ubona ububomvu noma ukuvuvukala, khona-ke kungenzeka allergen.

Eyesibili indlela - ukuzimisela masosha omzimba egazini. Le ndlela kukhathaza futhi eside edinga izindleko eside. Kodwa unika imiphumela esinembile. Ukuze it is yakhetha kuphela icala liyadingeka kutholakale izinga reactivity kuya allergen eyaziwa kakade.

ukwelashwa

Ingabe polyvalent yokwelapha yokungezwani komzimba ikufanele? Ukwelashwa nakanjani lapho, kodwa kuba eside futhi nzima. Okokuqala, ithonya ku allergen umzimba. Ingabe kufanele ahlukane ezifuywayo, ushintsho pads, ngokuvamile ukwenza yokuhlanza elina izindawo angabiki. Ukudla, ayeke nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezithile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimonyo.

Esimeni esiphuthumayo, sebenzisa antihistamine. Bona ukuvimba ezenza bamba histamine, futhi ungavumeli ukuba basebenzisane ezicutshini zomzimba. Kwasheshe aqede izimpawu kodwa imiphumela emibi le mithi kuningi, ngakho wasebenzisa yokwelapha ezinjalo kuphela uma kunesidingo.

zokuvimbela

njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile Polyvalent (ikhodi ye-ICD usuwazi) ingaqala ngendlela enempilo, ezibonakala womuntu, ngakho ulungiselela noma ukugwema ezinzima. Odokotela belulekwa ukuba banamathele endleleni efanele ekuphileni, gwema imikhiqizo ukudla exotic, qiniseka ukuqhuba yokungezwani komzimba ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuthatha imithi emisha e-uphawu kancane ukugula ukubona udokotela, futhi ungazami zithokozise.