Norma amasosha omzimba ngokumelene TPO kwabesifazane: izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

Indlala yegilo amahomoni ukuthi ahlinzeke ukuthuthukiswa engqondweni nasemzimbeni, ekukhuleni komzimba, ulawula izinga lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni. Umzimba kwemiqondo hormone athile abe negama ezivamile - yegilo. Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo ukungasebenzi icuphe yezinkinga ezinzima emzimbeni. Ukuze kusenesikhathi zokugula ihlaziya ukuthi inquma noma kudlulwe amasosha omzimba evamile TPO kwabesifazane labesilisa emzimbeni.

Lisho ukuthini igama elithi "amasosha TPO"?

TPO - enzyme kuhlelwe umqondo ngu indlala yegilo, ibizwa ngokuthi yegilo peroxidase noma microsomal peroxidase. TPO ehilelekile ukwakheka kwama-hormone egilo nezimpendulo kuyinto antigen ezibalulekile emzimbeni. Ngo pathologies we omzimba bese endocrine izinhlelo thyroperoxidase okuqukethwe ekuxilongweni isici. Ngakho, ukutadisha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu uyinto ezifana "evamile TPO masosha omzimba ngabesifazane emadodeni" kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuthola lesi sifo.

Amasosha Omzimba ukuze TPO - lokhu amaprotheni izakhiwo (immunoglobulin, ayisiza) kuhlelwe abantu in iziyaluyalu kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Ngenxa yalokho, baqala ukubona peroxidase enzyme yegilo njengoba nomzimba angaphandle. Ngaphansi isenzo omzimba ku-enzayimu umsebenzi wayo incipha ngokucijile consequently kumiswa hormone yegilo lapho khona uhlanganyela inqanyulwa. Ngenxa yalokho, elikhulu TPO uyabhujiswa, amafomu ezincane kwama-hormone egilo. Ukukhula amasosha TPO kuholela ukungasebenzi kwekhono le ndlala. Ngakho-ke iziguli ezine hypofunction uqoke ukuhlolwa igazi ukuhlonza ukuthi ngabe omzimba ukuba TPO izinga kudlulwe. Abesifazane nezingane ngokuvamile abe namanani ephakeme, kuyilapho amadoda izinga Ungase futhi iyophakama kuno-emvelo.

Norm amasosha TPO

Izinga engokwemvelo amasosha yegilo peroxidase inenani elifanayo emaqenjini okufundisa zonke. Ngakho, ngo-ukuhlaziywa amasosha TPO izinga abesifazane futhi amadoda bobudala obungefani kwaba 35 IU / ml. Esimweni lapho okungenhla ingxenye amayunithi 35, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi immunoglobulin, ayisiza yegilo abe nomthelela ongemuhle. Kufanele ukuthi 10% abesifazane okwaxoxwa abe embundwini ephakeme ukuze izinkambiso, noma ngokweqile kancane amasosha omzimba, yegilo indlala nesifo ayifani. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola lesi sici kuyadingeka ngokuhlanganyela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe futhi izifundo umzimba.

Isendlalelo kanye nemiphumela ukwandisa amasosha TPO

ukuthuthukiswa olunzulu omzimba ngokumelene yegilo peroxidase kwenzeka lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela iqala ukubhubhisa yabo izingxenye yegilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthuthukisa pathologies ezehlukene:

• ukuvuvukala wendlala - subacute futhi ezingalapheki (esicashile) thyroiditis;
• i-hypothyroidism - inqubo sokugembula esakheka ne nokuntuleka hormone egilo engeziwe, okuyinto esiholela kwezinye izifo kwezitho endocrine. Ngo abesifazane, ngokuvamile kuholela ukungasebenzi kwekhono nezindlala ocansini nokukhuluphala ngokweqile;
• ukukhula komzimba - ngokukhukhumala kwentamo goiter. Kuyinto ngenxa yokuntuleka hormone egilo engeziwe, futhi iodine ukuntula.

Kukhona amacala, uma kudlulwe ngesilinganiso amasosha TPO e abesifazane emva kokubeletha. Ukwephulwa kubangelwa rearrangements kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni futhi nezindlala endocrine ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ingakwazi ukudlula kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, kodwa ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuze unike endocrinology ukwelashwa sina ukuba nezinkinga hhayi sishintshe sibe uhlobo unomphela.

Inkomba immunoglobulin, ayisiza ukuba TPO lingadlula izinga nakwezinye iziyaluyalu sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba emsebenzini non-yegilo, isibonelo ngaphansi lupus erythematosus, scleroderma.

Subacute thyroiditis ne esicashile

I-ejenti causative of subacute thyroiditis kubhekwa igciwane. Ngemva othola engenhla zokuphefumula ipheshana izifo kubantu egcinwe ubuthakathaka, ukucobeka avele ubuhlungu alinganiselayo entanyeni, asinikeze ngemuva ekhanda futhi emhlathini kanye ukucasulwa turning ikhanda. Sekukonke, isithombe akukhona evelele kakhulu, ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha amasonto ngaphambi kusolakala uhlonzwe imbangela isimo lesiguli abampofu impilo yeqiniso.

Ezimweni omnene, izimpawu kuyaqedwa ngo seziguli ezithola aspirin. Ngo ezinkulu ke kudinga ukusetshenziswa glucocorticoids. Ukuvuvukala e thyroiditis subacute ingase ihlale izinyanga ezimbalwa, kodwa ngokuvamile ingozi, futhi ngemva indlala kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele.

Lapho thyroiditis kufihlwe kwandisa landile ngesilinganiso amasosha TPO kwabesifazane. Izimbangela zesifo, ungazange sezihlonziwe. Symptomatology uzwakalise kancane: ukubonakaliswa kancane i-hyperthyroidism kanye nokwanda kancane umdlavuza. Against ngemuva ekwelapheni i-hyperthyroidism, lezi zimpawu zinyamalale phakathi kwezinyanga 2-5. Nokho, iziguli eziningi zithola recurrences njalo lesi sifo, futhi ungase uqale ongacaciswanga kahle futhi kuba hypothyroidism esilaphekayo.

thyroiditis sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba (Hashimoto sika thyroiditis)

Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela iziyaluyalu indlala yegilo lihlotshaniswa nezifo ezifana thyroiditis sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba. Lapho lesi sifo sivame ukuba khona exceedances omzimba ukuba TPO e abesifazane emva kweminyaka 50. Ukubonakaliswa yesiteleka kakhulu lesi sifo - goiter. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabuka jikelele we wendlala zigcinwa, kodwa ezinye asymmetry lungase lubonwe kwezinye izimo. Kancane kancane, ngosizo ukuthuthukiswa izinguquko sokugembula e webele izicubu ukuthuthukisa i-hypothyroidism mkhuba. Ngezinye izikhathi kanyekanye ne izimpawu thyroiditis Hashimoto sika, lapho izimpawu ka-Graves 'disease. Lokhu kunjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu thyroiditis.

Lesi sifo amenable ekwelashweni uma sitholakale ngendlela efanele usaqala, kukhuphuke izinga anti-TPO kwabesifazane. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa pathologies wenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasu kuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa kwama-hormone, kanye antiinflammatories iqondiswa.

Ngohlobo Lomuntu Okufanele Ube hypothyroidism - myxedema

Ukuntula we indlala yegilo, lapho kukhona ukubambezeleka of izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni, ebizwa ngokuthi i myxedema. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sithinta abantu besifazane. I zokugula libhekene lokushisa ongaphakeme umzimba, ukusabela kancane ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle, inkulumo kancane, ukucobeka njalo, isikhumba ugodo. Ngezipikili nomhlane isikhumba kuba uqweqwe. Kukhona ukulahleka asebenzayo uboya eyelashes. Abesifazane myxedema kwenzeka ngokuhlanganyela hypofunction wesibeletho, isifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.

Kwangathi ezihambisana hypothyroidism neziyaluyalu e isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi: iphika, okwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho ophansi wegazi, ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha izinguquko atherosclerotic e imithambo yegazi, kuhlanganise izitsha inhliziyo kanye nobuchopho. Lapho izimpawu ezinjalo, uma engenawo ngokushesha lokufeza ukwelashwa abanekhono, maningi amathuba ukuthuthukisa ukumelwa inhliziyo.

Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa of myxedema

Myxedema has a izimpawu elikhanyayo futhi yikhona okuthatha indawo ifomu esicashile, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuxilonga. Uma usola isifo kubalulekile ukuthi bafake isicelo abanekhono Uchwepheshe endocrinology.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuyoba isifundo ambalwa of ezingeni uketshezi hormone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuxilonga angabelwa: ekutadisheni ubukhulu nokwakheka indlala yegilo; Ukutadisha umthamo wayo obusebenzayo, umzimba iqondiswa enemisebe (esinelebuli) iodine siyenzeka, umfutho esikhuluma ngalo ukuncela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene indlala. Kwezinye izimo, biopsy wenziwa kanye - amasampula for ukuhlolwa laboratory mikrokusochka wendlala izicubu.

Uma uphethwe wenziwa ukwelashwa kwama-hormone. Ngokuvamile izimpawu kuyaqedwa ngokuphelele uma nithatha hormone yegilo ngefomu iphilisi.

Amazinga aphezulu amasosha TPO e abakhulelwe

Ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, kungase kube ngenhla embundwini amasosha TPO kwabesifazane. Inkomba kuyadingeka uma ukukhula okuphawulekayo indlala yegilo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, angase ukwandisa ezingeni pituitary-hormone okuthiwa i - TSH, olawula zamagama kwama-hormone egilo. Kulokhu, okuqukethwe zokugcina uhlala evamile.

ukuhlolwa omzimba osiza ekuboneni ukuthi ungubani owesifazane hypothyroidism esicashile, okungase kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi yendlala bacindezelekile ezinzima. Izinga ekhulile yemiphumela immunoglobulin, ayisiza kanye nokwanda kokungabi TSH abonisa ukuthuthukiswa wendlala ukungasebenzi kwekhono abesifazane futhi ingozi ekhona ingane esikhungweni enganeni, njengoba ukuntuleka hormone kuthinta ukuthuthukiswa yayo. Kulesi simo, ukuvimbela ukufa kwengane, ukuzalwa komntwana ne kwezinso ezibekiwe abakhulelwe ukwelashwa kwama-hormone.