Nosimende Self ezinezinjini "Tulip": Izici

Nosimende "Tulip", kanye eziningi nezinye izinto zokusebenza wezikhali esindayo, sisanda amehlo kuye ngokwakhe. Ngokwalokhu esesixoxe ngakho izenzakalo zamuva noma isiphi isikhali uqala ukuzibuza ngisho nalabo ukuhlobanisa elithi "Tulip" esikhathini esidlule, "Peony" futhi "eseshumi" kuphela flowerbeds. Namuhla migomo esikhathini esiningi sithi iqiniso lowo ohlwanyela emhlabeni nokufa nokubhujiswa. "Buketnye-sezulu" igama, owawuthandwa kakhulu yasekhaya umkhakha lempi, namuhla kubangele ukwesaba langempela, ikakhulukazi labo abazama ukusinda phakathi kwempi. Futhi zabantu nokwesaba akuzona akunasisekelo - ukuze WMD nosimende eyayimfuqa "Tulip" Yiqiniso, asisebenzi. Nokho, imiphumela umthelela kuba impela yaba mibi kakhulu.

Ukuqokwa ACS "Tulip" nokusetshenziswa ezingxabanweni

Self ezinezinjini 2S4 nosimende "Tulip" ingasebenza nakunoma ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise izikhali zenuzi. It iyithuluzi elinamandla nge namandla amakhulu futhi elimazayo. Nosimende 2S4 "Tulip" kuhloswe ukuba abhubhise izinqaba lesitha, izakhiwo ubunjiniyela emkhakheni, izakhiwo ebiyelweyo, zokukhosela nge Manpower kanye nemishini, angabanjwa kanye umyalo okuthunyelwe, ubuciko amabhethri. Leli thuluzi senzelwe ukulwa imisebenzi ngaphandle zokuhlala. Ukuze ukwaluka ezingontuluntulu futhi ingasetshenziswa nosimende "Tulip", izimfanelo okuyinto enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba hit okuhloswe elise amakhilomitha amaningana kude esikhundleni sazo sokuqala.

Umlando sokudalwa

Nalokhu futhi, kufanele ukusho amazwi ambalwa. 240-mm nosimende "Tulip" bekumele ukumelana esikhundleni towed 240-mm nosimende M-240, eyakhululwa ngo-1950, ukusebenza ballistic we izibhamu mayelana efanayo. Nokho, 2C4 idlula M-240 empini okusinda kanye nempumelelo labadubuli ngenxa maneuverability okuthuthukisiwe patency. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthatha isikhathi esiningi esingaphansi eyandulela, ekutholakaleni lomlilo ukuhoxiswa kusukela isikhundla labadubuli.

I sibonelo elisha 240-mm nosimende yasungulwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe e 1944-1945. Wayehola iphrojekthi BI Shavyrin. Ukuvivinywa Kokungathathi izibhamu abasha baqala emva kweminyaka 2 ngemva ngokunqoba kwakho, futhi waze waphela ngo-1949. Ngo-1950, esigqulweni senziwa yibutho. Ngalezo zinsuku wabizwa ngokuthi "240-mm nosimende M-240." Wakhe oyinhloko sextant ububanzi kwathiwa ibanga 8000 amamitha.

Ngo-1953, njengoba ibhekene namacala ekhethekile lwakhiwe for nosimende M-240, okuvumela ukwandisa uhla afika ku 9700 m. Ukukhiqizwa serial M-240 yaqala ngo-1951 edolobheni Yurga. Ubude ekhiqizwa amayunithi 329 yalesi brand. 240 mm nosimende M-240 - uhlelo eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ngaphandle idivayisi anti-ukufinyela icala breech-ukulayisha lusho ukuba ukuthutha ezinamasondo kwenkampani iphinde idilize ezimayini enezimpiko.

lusizo ngengqondo

Ubunzima kuqala ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukukhiqizwa nosimende entsha self ezinezinjini kwaqala ngoba noma iyiphi amaphutha ayo, nobunzima e uxhaso noma ukungabi Ochwepheshe. Eqinisweni, inselele enkulu kwaba ukuqiniseka Khrushchev sika ngokuqinile ukuthi kokudubula wezikhali amagobolondo - esifuze yesikhathi esidlule. Imizamo imvelo kuthinte umbono kaNobhala Okokuqala leKomiti Central ayiphumelelanga. Kutfutfukiswa ezinkulu-osezingeni izibhamu, ngokudubula amacala, imisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto wazama futhi lwahlolwa ukuze sesimanje babemane dengwane futhi ilahleke. Inkinga kanye ngcono olwengeziwe M-240 bunqamuka ngo-1958.

ithemba elisha

Uhulumeni omusha, owathatha Khrushchev, ngenhlanhla, wakwazi ukuhlola isimo ngokunembe kakhudlwana. Izikhali, okuyinto awunaso isikhathi ukuphonsa futhi ekugcineni abhubhise, uwubeke ngobumnene, esidumazayo. Amasampula imishini impi, ngaphandle kwalokho angene unfitness ngokomzimba kodwa futhi akusebenzi, ezifana ngokuthi bahlale bemi akunakuqhathaniswa nge efanayo angaphandle ezenziwe. A yokuncintisana ngaleso sikhathi esadlala indima ebalulekile. Ngo-Vietnam, i-kwagqashuka udlame, amaMelika ezakheka amandla imali izindodla zemali futhi umzamo entuthukweni ezempi. Akakude kwaba "impi yomshoshaphansi" ...

Konke lokhu kwaholela esinqumweni leKomiti Central ekuthuthukisweni kanye nasekuqalisweni ukudalwa olusha sha wezikhali izinhlelo zokuzisiza ezinezinjini. Yingozi "isixha" ayedabula ezinye izimboni lempi. LaseKharkov ugandaganda-tank umkhankaso ukukhiqizwa 2C2 "uhlobo lwembali enephunga elimnandi" (122mm) Volgograd umkhankaso ukukhululwa 122 angu "Viola" izitshalo Ural waqala ngokushesha ngemuva ezimbili ACS - 152mm howitzer "Acacia" futhi 240 mm nosimende 2C4 "Tulip ".

umsebenzi Asebenza, futhi ekuhlolweni kokuqala

Ngesikhathi ngema endaweni ikhanda yentuthuko Yuri Tomaszow. Ngisho kusaqalwa lethimba lomsebenzi eliholwa kuye ngabona, nge bangaki nobunzima nobuso. Nokho, kwakungasho neze ukuthi okwesabisa ithimba onjiniyela wezempi, futhi ubufakazi obuhle kakhulu lena inombolo enkulu patent-copyright etholwe ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa.

Efaneleyo, ukuzinikezela amakhosi wonke amazinga ngokwenzenjalo uyogwema izinkinga eziningi. Nokho, nobunzima kule umsebenzi wokwakha "nosimende" Tulip "kwakukhona okuningi. Okokuqala, luthinte igiya ukugijima. It ekuqaleni kuhlelwe ukuhlomisa uhlelo ithrekhi nodaka kodwa esithwele umthamo wayo lalilincane kakhulu. Isisindo ukuthi kwakudingeka sisidonse ngokwami, ngifinyelela amathani 27, kanye namathuba ke aphuthelwe 21. kwesikhathi kuphela, kanye ochwepheshe kazwelonke umkhakha ukuzivikela nokubambisana, kwanqunywa ukuba ukuhlomisa nosimende self ezinezinjini "Tulip" injini 520 hp .. (esikhundleni 400). Chassis ayengaziqondi oped ngesisekelo ugandaganda RK Sokuqalisa "Umbuthano". Ithimba Yu Tomaszów kwase kakhulu ukushintsha futhi uthuthukise uhlelo, kodwa ngokuvamile, ukubambisana iye yaba nezithelo.

savela esinye nobunzima phakathi nezikhathi ezinzima ensimini yokuqala. Uhlelo umane zazifile nomthelela wayo. shot yakhe inamandla kangangokuthi kwadingeka bayeke umqondo wokuthi ukubuya kuzothatha embhedeni. Kwenze kungenzeka umhlaba kuphela. Ngakho onjiniyela kwadingeka ukuba ngokushesha ukuthatha up klamo uphiko oluyisipesheli, okuholela umgqomo azithole esesikhundleni labadubuli.

Ngemva sesimanje nosimende "Tulip" lwavivinywa okwesibili. Yena ngokuphelele yashaya kwagcizelela ibhokisi lamaphilisi ukhonkolo, okufakazela ekulenzeni libe namandla. Ngo-1969, i-ACS "Tulip" wafakwa ukukhiqizwa, kwathi ngo-1971 wabeka ngokusemthethweni ku-service.

"Daredevil" futhi "nabazala" alo

Kungokufanayo labadubuli nosimende "Tulip"? Izici kohlelo avumele ukusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningana amagobolondo. High-eziyiziqhumane okwami 53-F-864 ezibekwe front futhi bakhulise we umgqomo, futhi rocket-basiza projectile APM-0-ZVF2 efakwe bonke ubude bayo. Lingasetshenziswa kanye rocket Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe namafutha, ububanzi kwabo 20 km. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwelinye izwe isikhathi eside, ngisho nokubonakala kokungqubuzana ezimayini enjalo, ebizwa ngokuthi "Brave" waba oluthathwa. Self ezinezinjini nosimende 2C4 "Tulip" has arsenal of anti-zempi, enuzi kanye laser amagobolondo ngasocansini. Ukuze nokudutshulwa "Tulip" futhi ikhasethi ofanele "Ama-nerpa" futhi incendiary "Pollock."

Analogue nama izindlela

Ngokuphathelene nozakwabo kwasekuqaleni kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi wezikhali olusindayo, ukwamukela eziningi zomhlaba, ukufinyelela 150 mm ubukhulu. Nosimende "Tulip" iyona esinye esikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhuluma enye kule isibhamu elimazayo, kuyafaneleka esikhulu nangokwengeziwe sokukhuluma kangako mayelana wezikhali ezivamile, njengoba amaningi iziqhumane, ngisho ukuhlasela izindiza. "Tulip" usuthathelwa MRL ezahlukene ngaphandle uhla sokudubula, kuyilapho kakhulu ngaphambi isilinganiso sabo lomlilo elawula izici. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Hurricanes" futhi "Grad" Bathi bayizimpumputhe, kuyilapho amagobolondo adubula kusukela "Tulip", zingalawulwa ukude.

Ukuya empini emhlabeni

Ukuhlolwa kuqala sina waqala isinyathelo sezempi e-Afghanistan. 240-mm nosimende self ezinezinjini "Tulip" uye ukuvela ezindaweni sezintaba ngokuthi "omuhle kakhulu". Impi Afghan uthethe 120 ACS ingxenye, ikakhulu esebenzisa imisindo ephakeme-eziyiziqhumane kwehlukana ezimayini nezikhali ezicitshwayo wayeqondiswa "daredevil."

Ngisebenzisa "Tulip" kanye nezimpi ezimbili Chechen. Ngemva kushothi lokuqala Dudayev usegxeke Russia linyenti ibhomu lenuzi. Eqinisweni, lapho kubhujiswa wenze enye okwami nje.

Namuhla nosimende "Tulip" akuzange kubonwe futhi Donbass. Ngokusho kweziphathimandla zempi, VSN amabutho ibe okungenani yabo kulahlwa 2 nosimende "Tulip", bobabili ithole ukulwa.

Namuhla nosimende "Tulip" lakhishwa ukukhiqizwa, kodwa hhayi kuhoxiswe ekusebenzeni.