Ob: ukuwa Phakathi kwesitaladi sawo nomfula incazelo yalo okufutshane

Kuyinto ukuba umthambo ngobukhulu amanzi Russia owazalwa Altai esifundeni, bese uthwala amanzi awo ngasenyakatho, kuze kufike oLwandle Kara. Kulesi sihloko uzothola incazelo emfushane River ob ecebeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyobe futhi ufunde indlela ukubala emthambekeni ukuwa nganoma yisiphi wamanzi.

Ob: Pool Kara Sea

umfula omkhulukazi e Western eSiberia luyaphi e-Arctic Ocean, ukuthatha nemingenela inqwaba lobehlukene. Uma is hhayi ngokuthi nobuzwe bakhe ezahlukene: Qui, Eme, Sall-Yam, ob. Fall River, kufanele kuphawulwe, has a ukusebenza esikhundleni abampofu. Isizathu siwukuthi sonke, kuhlanganise indawo umthombo, etholakala emathafeni. Ngakho-ke, ushintsho kokuphakama eduze isiteshi azinakwa.

Mfushane incazelo emfuleni kungenziwa elabekwa kanje ob ngokohlelo:

1. Ubude kanye amanzi endaweni.
2. I etymology kwegama.
3. I nemingenela eyinhloko eMfuleni ob.
4. Umthombo nomlomo wamanzi.
5. Ob: kokuwa emfuleni noma ukuchema kuzo yayo.
6. Ukudla namanzi umbuso izici.
7. Izwe eziphilayo emfuleni.
8. Navigation nokuthunyelwa.
9. Amadolobha amakhulu ngomfula.

Incazelo emfushane emfuleni

Ob ingeminye 3650 km. Iqoqa amanzi awo nge endaweni enkulu cishe 3 million amakhilomitha square (lokhu, ngasendleleni, ezingaphezu kuka ensimini ka Kazakhstan!). Akumangalisi ukuthi cishe yonke igama akhona lo mfula angahunyushwa ngokuthi "umfula omkhulu". Kodwa igama elithi "OB" (Igama lanamuhla) elisuka Iranian futhi uhumusha ngokuthi "amanzi". Iqiniso lokuthi sekuyisikhathi eside Western eSiberia owakhiwe izizwe abakhuluma Iranian, okuyinto cishe awunika igama lokuthi lo mfula.

Indawo lapho ukuhlanganisa Katun kanye Biya, kucatshangwa ukuthi soMfula ob. Futhi agelezela oLwandle Kara. emfuleni Ngakho wakha delta esikhulu lapho uphela ob lip. The main nemingenela we OB: Irtysh, Vasyugan, Bax, Ket, Chulym. Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi ngisho idlula Irtysh at kakhulu ubude ob.

Amandla OB - ikakhulukazi iqhwa. isikhathi uzamcolo (ezingxenyeni ezahlukene embhedeni umfula) Uthatha ekuqaleni kuka-April kuya ekuqaleni kuka May. Phakathi ukuvulwa entwasahlobo ka emfuleni ngokuvamile siyenzeka sezimoto ezinkulu ice, okwaphumela entwasahlobo ungabukela lesi simo esingavamile. Izinga amanzi kwezinye izingxenye emfuleni main kwandisa okwesikhashana, okuholela ezinye nemingenela yayo zingashintsha isiqondiso sayo okwesikhashana.

Ukudoba emfuleni athuthukiswe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Perch, walleye, Pike, burbot, roach, Sturgeon, Sturgeon futhi carp - nakhu ungakwazi ukubamba in the OB namuhla. Sekukonke ezingaphezu kuka-50 zama izinhlanzi manje abahlala umfula. Ingxenye yabo babe ukubaluleka kwezohwebo.

Umlando navigation umzila wamanzi evela phakathi nekhulu XIX. Ngo-1844 i-Steamboat lokuqala wethulwa lapha. Ekupheleni kwekhulu emfuleni, kwakukhona kakade imikhumbi 120, okuyinto eyenziwa umgibeli njalo izindiza.

Kuze kube manje, phezu komfula amadolobha 14. Into ebaluleke kakhulu emfuleni emachwebeni asezindaweni Barnaul, Novosibirsk, saseTomsk, Omsk, Tyumen futhi Khanty-Mansiysk.

Ob: River Falls emthambekeni yayo

Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, umfula ugeleza khona phakathi komkhathi elisezansi yeRussia. Ungabona kanjani ukuthi kuwa River OB? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka wazi amanani amabili kuphela. Okokuqala, ukuphakama ngokuphelele emlonyeni (ngamamitha). Futhi okwesibili, ukuphakama umthombo iphuzu River ob.

Fall River - lena lutho, njengoba umehluko phakathi kwalezi amaphuzu lwaluvelaphi nomlomo. Kusobala ukuthi lesi sibalo incike uhlobo nempumuzo asike izidumbu zabantu sendawo ethile. Ukuwa esiphezulu emfuleni esivamile ngoba imifula entabeni.

Bala emthambekeni iyiphi wamanzi njengoba kungenzeka kwenze. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka wazi ubude umfula, bese ehlukana ukubaluleka emfuleni ukuwa (ngamamitha) ukuze ubude bayo jikelele (e amakhilomitha). Ngakho, sithola value empeleni ukukhombisa indlela amamitha eziningi umfula "uwela" nge ikhilomitha Ubude baso ngasinye.

Ake ukubala lezi zibalo for Obi. 164 metres - Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuphakama eliphelele umthombo emfuleni aziwa. Kusukela ob, eqinisweni, agelezela kolwandle, esizalweni somfula isezingeni emhlabeni zero amamitha. Ngakho, ukuwa ingqikithi emfuleni ilingana 164 amamitha.

Manje akukho lula kunaleyo ukubala emthambekeni River ob. Kuyadingeka ukuba bahlukanise amamitha 164 ubude komfula (3650 km). Futhi sithola ukubaluleka 4.5 cm / km. Ngamanye amazwi, ikhilomitha ubude isiteshi salo ob ngamunye "uwela" 4.5 amasentimitha.

Ekuphetheni ...

Ob - kuyinto emfuleni ngobukhulu eSiberia, lapho kulinganiswa amanzi awo ukuze komkhathi flatland yeSiberia, baze bafika eLwandle Kara. Ubude emfuleni - 3560 km udedele yayo Imininingwane ngesikhathi esifanayo lincane kakhulu futhi amamitha 164 kuphela.