Okungalapheki obstructive yamaphaphu isifo - usongo empilweni abasebenzisi ugwayi

Okungalapheki obstructive isifo samaphaphu (COPD) - isifo samaphaphu libhekene ukwephulwa engaguquki motion emoyeni ukusakaza ovela emaphashini. Lesi sifo kunzima ngokwanele lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo, kuphila kwetfu engotini, okwenza kwaba nzima ukuphefumula evamile futhi hhayi belashwa ngokuphelele. Imibandela Evamile "emphysema" futhi "ukucinana kwemithambo yomoya emaphashini" awasasetshenziswa ku amagama - namuhla bayingxenye kwemigomo sitholakele COPD.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu izimpawu COPD - iphika iyona (umuzwa ubuningi enganele emoyeni inqubo ukuphefumula), isikhwehlela normal (ngamathe ne isikhwehlela kule zokuphefumula ipheshana endaweni) futhi ezingalapheki ukukhwehlela nemvelo. Lapho nje kancane kancane obstructive isifo samaphaphu, umuntu angabona ligcine nobunzima abalulekile zokukhuthaza ukuvivinya umzimba nsuku zonke, ezifana ukugibela izitebhisi noma uphakamisa futhi ezihambayo iinkhwama eziphula amahlombe.

Sitholakele "ezingamahlalakhona obstructive isifo samaphaphu" kuqinisekiswa kokuqhuba isivivinyo esilula ngokuthi spirometry, lapho sibonisa ukuthi kungakanani umoya kungenzeka ngesikhathi ephefumula futhi umoya yomuntu ijubane emoyeni lingene emaphashini futhi ephuma kubo. Ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa kancane COPD ukuxilongwe ngokuvamile kuyo abantu lapho ngineminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-40.

Okungalapheki obstructive isifo samaphaphu (COPD) abunakuphulukiswa ngokuphelele. A ezihlukahlukene amasu kanye zokwelapha ingasiza impumuzo kancane izimpawu futhi bathuthukise izinga lesiguli zokuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa isenzo yomoya yayo eyinhloko emaphashini, lula dyspnea.

Ekhulwini leminyaka eledlule, ezingamahlalakhona obstructive isifo samaphaphu kwakuvamile ngaphezulu phakathi kwabantu. Kodwa ukwandisa zabesifazane ugwayi emazweni nge ukuphila kwakhona kusezingeni eliphezulu, kwengozi imiphumela emzimbeni lokungcoliswa komoya emazweni nge kungehlisa izinga lokuphila, kangangokuthi manje lesi sifo sihlasela kokubili amadoda nabesifazane cishe ngokulinganayo.

Obstructive isifo samaphaphu okuholela ekufeni (cishe 90%) emazweni lapho ukuphila ezingeni isilinganiso futhi ngaphansi kwesilinganiso. Kula mazwe, zokuvimbela ngempumelelo nokulawula isifo ezingajwayelekile noma kukhona ezingafinyeleleki ngokuphelele.

Okungalapheki obstructive isifo samaphaphu kuyinto ezingase zivinjelwe. Isizathu esiyinhloko ivela khona kanye neluhlaka lwentfutfuko - the imuncwe kagwayi (kuhlanganise yokwenziwa ababhemayo), kodwa kukhona nezinye izinto. Lezi zihlanganisa:

- emoyeni angcolile ezakhiweni (isib ngokusebenzisa okuqinile uhlobo fuel kokunye ukudla lapho kulungiswa);

- ukungcola komoya;

- uthuli ikhemikhali engena isikhala zokusebenza (fume, intuthu, ezizihluphayo);

- izifo njalo we ephansi ipheshana zokuphefumula ezinganeni.

Uma izinyathelo esiphuthumayo kungukuthi kuthathwe ukunciphisa eziyinhloko eziholela ekuxilongelweni "ezingamahlalakhona obstructive isifo samaphaphu", isibikezelo kuyoba esidumazayo: lonke inani labantu ababulawa isifo kuzokwanda okuyisilinganiso sabangu-30% eminyakeni engu-10 ezayo.