Petersburg labantu: usayizi, ukubunjwa, ukusatshalaliswa,

Elinye lamadolobha edume kunazo Russian emhlabeni - Petersburg. He is engavamile kakhulu. Umlando walo, isimo sezulu, izakhiwo kanye ngisho abantu abangekho bahluke kakhulu kwezinye amadolobha kuleli lizwe. Tshela mayelana izici labantu inhlokodolobha enyakatho, lokho ezindaweni ethandwa kakhulu abahlali Petersburg indlela izinto okumelwe wenze ngayo umsebenzi.

Hlola umlando

Umuzi ku iNeva zazivela isifiso sikaPeter Omkhulu, owabona lapha amasango eYurophu. Lesi sivumelwano sihlehlela emuva May 16, 1703, lapho Hare Island itshe lokuqala Ngokuzayo uPetru noPawulu Fortress sase sibekiwe. Ngaphansi uPetru idolobhakazi limatasa yakhiwa, futhi ngo-1712 waba inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Esikhathini Petrine enkathini ka Petersburg iba nobuso obudala iphinde uyaqhubeka ukhula. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 inani labantu liphindeke uphasisiwe abantu abayizinkulungwane 220, kanti inhlokodolobha Northern usunificile YaseMoscow lasendulo.

Ingxenye yekhulu le-18 futhi 19 wesibili waba yobudala sangempela legolide edolobheni: yakhelwe izigodlo eziningi, amasonto, izikole ovulekile futhi amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene. Konke lokhu kunomphumela ezuzisayo phezu inombolo zezakhamuzi. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, zabomdabu Petersburg ngawabo okukhulu wamavukelambuso. Inani labantu base-St Petersburg ngokuqondene ukuncibilika. Ngemva 1917, inhloko-dolobha liqanjwe kabusha Petrograd, sembubhiso eyayiza nezikhathi ezinzima. Ngo-1918, idolobha ilahlekelwa isimo yayo njengendlela dolobha. Futhi ngo-1924-ke iqanjwe kabusha Leningrad. Igama layo zomlando, uyobe kuphela ukubuyela ngo-1991 ngemva inhlolovo phakathi izakhamizi. Namuhla, Petersburg ubizwa kufanele likwazi isimo enhlokodolobha kwamasiko eRussia futhi elinye lamadolobha edume kunazo kuleli zwe.

Climate futhi imvelo

Saint Petersburg Itholakala zone of ezinomswakama sezulu yezwekazi. Lapha sasehlobo esifushane ngokulinganisela efudumele futhi ebusika kunalokho iDemo ezimanzi cool. Isizini omude kunayo yonke - lokhu entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Isilinganiso lokushisa lonyaka imayelana 6 degrees. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa esiqhutshwa ntambama e uphawu lokususa 5-8 degrees, ehlobo antante plus 20. Petersburg labantu uhlushwa ukuntuleka elangeni, njengoba ngonyaka kukhona izinsuku ecacile zingu-60 kuphela. Edolobheni kwezulu okusezingeni eliphezulu (mayelana 660 mm) kanye ngokuvamile liguqubele. Ehlobo Petersburg, kukhona ngumkhuba ekhethekile yemvelo - zasebusuku emhlophe.

inani elikhulayo izakhamuzi izimoto kuholela yokuthi isimo kwemvelo Petersburg okungekuhle. Isibhakabhaka ivimbekile qeda amagesi angcolile iNeva anokungcola kahle bahlanza. Lemvelo muzi kuncike nokuqapha okuqhubekayo nokunakekela abaphathi.

labantu

Bukela izakhamuzi eziningi Petersburg owaqala ngokuvukela 1764, lapho kwakukhona cishe izinkulungwane 150 abantu. Kuze 1917, inani labantu Petersburg liye landa kancane kancane. Ngo-1891, it aphula sibalo abantu 1 million. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-izenzakalo-mbuso ka-1917, idolobha lalinabantu abayizigidi ezingu-2,4. I Icebo lika nempi yombango eyalandela neMpi Yezwe kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi umuzi uqala ukuncipha.

Ngo-1918 lapho kakade iqoshwe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.4, futhi ngemva ukudluliselwa inhlokodolobha eMoscow ngo-1919, kakade abantu 900 000. Kusukela ngo-1921, phakathi nenkathi ethile isihlobo ukuzinza ukubalwa kwabantu, umuzi zenyuka kancane. Ngu ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II ngo-dolobha North sika isinabantu abayizigidi ezingu-3 Petersburg. Phakathi nempi, izakhamuzi Petersburg ezazisemizini ukuvinjelwa, okwaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu zokuphila. Ngo-1945, abantu 927 kwashiywa lapha. Ngemva kwempi, abantu bomuzi kancane kancane ebuya ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi, izakhamuzi ezintsha ziqala ukuza Leningrad.

Ekupheleni 50s lapha kakade iqoshwe ezintathu labantu sesigidi. Nge ekuqaleni yokwakha kabusha, inhlokodolobha kwamasiko iqala ukuzwa izinselelo ezikhona ezweni okubalwa ukubalwa kwabantu, izimpophoma lokuzalwa izinga, ukufa ikhula. Uma e-1991 kwakunabamemezeli abakhileyo 5,000,000, kakade nge 2008 kuba 4.5 million. Isimo kusukela eyinhlekelele abatakuli njengoba ukukhula yemvelo zezakhamuzi amashumi eminyaka uhlala ezimbi. Kusukela ngo-2010, isimo siqala ukuba ngcono kancane. 2016 Petersburg, kukhona izigidi ezingu 5,22 izakhamizi.

EziFundeni kanye labantu ukusatshalaliswa

Petersburg ihlukaniswe ngezigodi zokuphatha 18. I zikhula esheshayo yilona Primorsky wesifunda, liphinde ngobukhulu, iyikhaya cishe 550.000 abantu. ezindaweni eziningi Petersburg kancane kancane abe esikhundleni kwasendaweni ibhizinisi nokungcebeleka izihambi. Central, Admiralty futhi Vasileostrovskiy County zikhombisa ukwehla esitebeleni inani izakhamuzi.

emininingwaneni yabantu

Kuze kube manje, Petersburg yiyona idolobha lesibili ngobukhulu yeRussia, wesithathu e-Europe kanye nomuzi ngobukhulu enyakatho emhlabeni. Kulokhu lo muzi has a lot of izinkinga yezibalo. I aphansi okuzala ngesilinganiso ngenkathi futhi awukwazi zikufice yangenyama. Ukukhula kwesikhathi sokuphila futhi aphansi okuzala amazinga kuholele yokuthi analeli ukuguga Petersburg umthwalo lokubala ubuningi babantu le ukusebenza yobudala izakhamizi lukhula. Ukwanda kwenani labantu ukunikeza izisebenzi bakhangwa ukusebenza Petersburg indinganiso kahle eliphezulu lokuphila.

Umnotho kanye umsebenzi

Inhlokodolobha enyakatho edonsela ababaleki kanye abahlali endaweni yokuqala kungenzeka ukuthola umsebenzi. Umuzi ingenye izikhungo ngobukhulu somnotho wezwe lonke, kukhona izinkampani eziningi ezisebenza yokukhiqiza, umkhakha, amasevisi. Ngakho-ke, izindawo eziningi Petersburg yaphenduka endaweni yezimboni yangempela, kodwa inikeza amathuba amahle kakhulu umsebenzi. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi edolobheni eqondiswa at 1.5%, kanti kukhona njalo inombolo kahle esikhulu kwemisebenzi, ikakhulukazi umsebenzi abangenamakhono abasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi Petersburg khona, kodwa izakhamizi angisithandi.