Rich Market, Petersburg: incazelo kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Petersburg izakhiwo kukhanya nemikarisomraro. izingosi mlando edolobheni awubalwa - izigodlo abaqhoshayo ukugcina izimfihlo amasu okugumbuqela imibuso, neminjunju yokubonisana uthando. Avenues nasemigwaqweni khumbula ukuthi phezu kwendawo egandaywe ngamatshe begijima namakalishi noma eqhweni Lake Ladoga waphula umshini, bephethe izingane kusukela ukuvinjelwa, bese ukunqoba endleleni efanayo efika. Kukhona Petersburg ndawo, igama emlandweni nenhloso zazo akashintshi - izimakethe ke sika. Omunye wabo - emakethe kwanelisa.

benza kanjani

Ngesicelo uPetru mina ukuze kwakhiwe Petersburg "abantu abasebenza" kwalethwa kulo lonke elaseRussia. Akha yinqwaba, ngokuvumelana ubuzwe, inkolo, noma welibhola letinyawo. Ngakho-ke, Kronverk uPetru noPawulu, eduze Imbuzi marsh uvele Tatar Emaphethelweni lapho AmaTatar siphile, Kazakhs, Turks and ezinye izizwe, ukuzijayeza Islam. Izindlu, ngomqondo isiRashiya, kwakungeyona, kodwa yonke indawo ayelapho leli qhugwane. Ingqalasizinda ungeze emakethe, lapho imikhiqizo kungukuthi adayiswa, kanye ukudla sekuphelile.

Sadayisa ke ntambama, lapho isizwe some ngemva komsebenzi ukuze ikhaya. ukuhweba Brisk kwenziwa of emadokodweni, nezitebele zamahhashi, emathaveni Hawking. Petersburg lakhiwa, kodwa eziningi abakhi bayo wazinza futhi wahlala likaPondo. Manje esikhundleni la maqhugwane wabeka Tatar kwindlela futhi imelela Mosque. Ekuqaleni Tatar emakethe esisogwini zintathu Square, kodwa ngemva umlilo 1711 ke washukumiseleka ukuba emaphethelweni, lapho isilungisiwe.

Bavelaphi igama

Njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo Petersburg eqotho emakethe? Ekuqaleni, wayegqoke Dissonant, kodwa igama ngqo - Obzhorny, edume ngokuthi umane Obzhorka. Ezimakethe abathengisa ngalo lokho kudla okumnandi fresh, eliye likujabulele ukuthenga hhayi kuphela AmaTatar futhi Kazakhs, kodwa wonke Petersburg abantu, izicukuthwane, abathengisi kanye Izicukuthwane entsha, okuyinto ngokuvamile avele ngenxa 'baphakamisa social "nangesandla ukukhanya yenkosi. Ukulandela ukwamukelwa imboni entsha endaweni imzuzele igama elisha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Incazelo yaleli gama "Market Rich" kuyinto umsuka basezinganekwaneni futhi okunengqondo. Ngokwe-Petersburg izinganekwane, ivame ukuya emakethe umbusi wokuqala Petersburg, Serene yakhe Highness Prince Alexander Menshikov, wayithanda ngobuqotho amaqebelengwane nonogwaja. Ngokwami ukuthenga kubahwebi aphathe, wadla nabo ngokushesha, ethi ngaleyo ndlela: "Yeka indlela eqotho"

enengqondo igama ine ezahlukeneyo eziningana. Ngokusho komunye wabo, kwabonakala ngenxa "bondlekile" ukuhweba - amanzi, ezinoshukela uju. Ngokusho version yesibili, esigcawini ukuthengisa ufulawa, pre-ufune ngokusebenzisa ngesihlungo, bathengisa ngokushesha. Kunenye incazelo - mall ithengiswe chintz, kusukela eyaqala ukuvelela igama lokuqala - "Sitno emakethe," asebemnkantsh 'ubomvu namanje ukusebenzisa leli gama. Noma kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abawujwayele abantu besikhathi wabiza "Rich" isemanzini futhi waba igama olusemthethweni Petersburg emakethe kuqala.

Akulona ukuhweba olulodwa

Eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu-150 emakethe Rich wakhonza njengephayona indawo nokubulawa yomphakathi, futhi bonke baqala ngesikhathi kubusa u-Anna Ivanovna, wambingelela ajezise futhi ukuxolelwa ezandleni Biron eyithandayo. Ukuze wenze ukukhishwa endaweni yomphakathi isibe iqhinga ukusabisa, benza okukhulu. Njalo kwakhiwa lesikafula entsha, okuyinto ke ashisiwe, ngokuvamile kanye abulawe.

Kwakube waqhuba Indlela futhi cishe imperceptible. Omunye imisho esimangalisa kunazo okusuthisayo emakethe wabona ngosuku ukubulawa A. P. Volynskogo nabangane bakhe (27 Juni 1740). Isizathu sokuba nokuboshwa ubudlova okwalandela wakhonza njengephayona uzungu nokuchukuluza umkhawulo emandleni obukhosi, ukumiswa kusukela somphakathi, abafokazi futhi ukukhuthazwa ukuze izikhundla eziphezulu ababheki ezifuywayo isimo Russian. Ngokusho naseVolyn nabangane, ibhodi Anna Ivanovna zicekele phansi izwe, futhi izikhonzi German waklebhula ingxenye umnotho, ezingena isimo futhi abantu ubumpofu kanye nokulutheka.

Ziyisijeziso sasiqinile. NaseVolyn ngaphansi ukufa wayinquma olimi, lezandla lekhanda, namadodakazi ethunyelwe ukuphuca ukhakhayi ngesikhathi sezindela, futhi indodana yakhe kunqunywa eSiberia ukuze engu-15 yobudala ukuze anike amasosha eKamchatka. Zonke impahla bekulokhu izintandokazi ohlwini lwababhalisile yenkosi. Bekanye Volynskii bona babulawa Khrushchov futhi Eropkin. Saymonov, Musin-Pushkin wadingiselwa ezimayini eSiberia, futhi Eichler esigodlweni sezindela Solovetsky.

Imemori yalabo ababulawa iyagcinwa, lapho ngaphambi kwakukhona amathuna St. Sampson Cathedral, bese wahlulwa kwepaki. Obelisk in 1885 futhi manje amagama ukuphepha, wanyathela sabafileyo kuso. inhlawulo Kugcine eKalvari Sitnya emakethe senzeka Disemba 14, 1861. Ngalolo suku walahla Mihaila Illarionovicha Mihaylova, owayengase alokothe ukubiza intsha inguquko nokugumbuqelwa yokubusa kwamakhosi, zazingekho amaJuda aqothulwe. Isinqumo esakhishwa ngo emihlanu ekuseni, uyinhloko phezu kwakho ukuba isiboshwa waphula inkemba futhi abathunyelwe ukukhonza isigwebo sakhe ezimayini laseSiberia.

ngekhulu le-19

Rich indawo emakethe futhi walahlekelwa ingxenye okuqondile endaweni yawo ngokuqondene ilungiselelo Alexander Park. Indawo isimemezelo kanye nokugcizelela imisho akubukeki njenge lutho. Manje lapha, cishe endaweni efanayo, thina kuzixazulule Music Hall weshashalazi "Baltic House".

Petersburg Side ekuqa- 19-20 eminyaka kwakungeyona indawo ehlonishwayo futhi ugcwale lyudom babempofu, bakhiwe angesabi, ngokuba lokho kwakusengathi emijondolo.

Lapha yaqhakaza imikhuba emibi, futhi muva nje, ngo-2014 ku-zezindawo okwakungezeRoma amathuna emakethe mass eziye zatholakala, isisekelo eSontweni LaseLuthela, okuqondene ngekhulu le-18, izinto ezatholakala ocwaningweni kuyaqhubeka. Ukuphila okusha ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ukunconywa emakethe (St Petersburg) babethola kanye ukwakhiwa lo Troitsky Ibhuloho.

ekhulwini lama-20

Ngemva ukwakhiwa olude, ngaleso sikhathi, leli bhuloho yonkana iNeva, Petersburg Side liye laba yindawo imfashini for nezihlakaniphi futhi ukhomba ngophakathi. iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi noma nakha izindlu ngamatshe eziningi nezakhiwo zomphakathi, ukwakha isithombe esiyingqayizivele ezakhiwo engu esiliva. Rich Petersburg emakethe lithole isakhiwo esisha ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Yezinjinga isakhiwo isicwebezelisi Nouveau wanika abaklami uMarian noMarian Lyalevich Peretyatkovich.

isakhiwo eNew Market lavulwa ngo-1913. Kodwa is e ngamandla, yonke ingqalasizinda ukuhweba kwakungafanele abe. Yafika kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, zokudla emashalofini kwakuyingcosana. Ukuqala imibono wamavukelambuso, futhi nalo, nobumpofu, baletha edamu uhlelo ukwabiwa kokudla, okuyinto laqhubeka kwaze 30s maphakathi. Sitno emakethe yavalwa ngokushesha ngemva konyaka 17. Phinda ukuvulwa kwenzeka kuphela ngo-1936, lapho edamu sahoxiswa.

yesimanjemanje

Okusuthisayo emakethe namuhla kudinga ukulungiswa nokubuyiselwa. Ngokusho izidingo entsha edolobheni, endaweni yayo akumelwe kube amahektha engaphansi kwemibili ikhona, kodwa kuvalwe isakhiwo mlando akuyona kusongelwa. Ngo-2014 isakhiwo emakethe Sytinsky bafakwa encwadini okubhalwa kuyo ezisithekileyo, waba ephephile-ukuziphatha. Manje phezu isakhiwo ngeke-add-on, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwesisekelo proroyut enye yokupaka.

Ngaphakathi isakhiwo, cishe yonke ke ugcinwe unjengoba unjalo: the ukubiya igalari engenhla, namanje ngomusa, skylight ohlangothini lwaseningizimu namanje unikeza izibani ezengeziwe. Yonke imikhondo yesikhathi "ukuvuselela" adiliza kalula, kodwa inqubo lusesesigabeni yokuhlela.

Ngonyaka ka-2010, imakethe Rich umkhosi weminyaka engu tercentenary. It namanje uhlala omunye ezimakethe ngobukhulu ohlangothini Petrograd. Ngaphezu kokudla, mall Ungathenga izinto zendlu, izingubo, ukudla isilwane, futhi cishe konke okudingayo ukuze ikhaya nomndeni.

ulwazi oluwusizo

Isiyonke indawo eqotho emakethe kucishe 2600 square metres. amamitha, lapho kukhona 524 Izitolo okudayisa, ukuqaliswa wonyaka mkhiqizo amathani angaba yizinkulungwane 12. Trade uqhutshwa nsuku zonke kusuka ngo 08:00 kuya am kuya 19:00 pm. Kanye ngenyanga, yabamba wokuhlanza usuku, uwe ngeSonto lokugcina lwenyanga ngayinye.

Abacebile happy njalo abathengi emakethe. Ikheli kuye endaweni Sytninskaya, ukwakha 3-5. Esiteshini esiseduze metro: Gorky.