Sansevera: ukunakekelwa ekhaya, incazelo, isithombe

Sansevera - bessteblevoe siluhlaza isitshalo omndeni ka Asparagus (eyayaziwa ngokuthi lolu hlobo agave). Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezitholakala ezindaweni ezinamadwala owomileyo ube yiziphethu ezisondelene nazo kanye ezishisayo saseMadagascar, e-Afrika, e-Indonesia, futhi South Florida.

Uhlobo edume kakhulu isiko, ngokuvamile otshalwa ekhaya? - sansevera emithathu endleleni, lapho abantu abaningi kungcono eyaziwa ngaphansi amagama ezifana "ulimi Teschin", "inyoka isikhumba" futhi "Pike umsila". Igama lesiLatini bohlobo wanikezwa yokudumisa Neapolitan isikhulu von sansevieriya, owanikela ngomnikelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ngesayensi yemvelo.

Kukholakala ukuthi sansevera, izithombe zazo kungabonakala amarekhodi lezihambi, abavikele. Ngisho noma behlala ekhaya, izindonga zawo ekhaya, lisikhumbuza ka Ukuzula ezikude. Ngokuvamile sansevery Igumbi emakhaya ethu bavela emithathu endleleni ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye zazo yilezi izitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu nge ezinkulu, kuze kufinyelele 1.5 m, amaqabunga amancane, namahlamvu iDemo elingunxantathu, okuyinto lubuthwe esitolo enhle.

Sansevera: incazelo zalesi sihlahla

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi sansevera has izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ngeke kudidaniswe nezinye izitshalo. Imbali sansevery has a eqinile futhi ezinwabuzelayo uhlelo impande. It is kahle asethuthukile futhi ivumela isitshalo ukunikeza lemali edingekile umswakama.

Ishidi sansevery oqondile futhi esinamanzi. Kwezinye izinhlobo amaqabunga afinyelele a ukuphakama kwamamitha nenxenye. Baqondiselwa phezulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kancane eceleni. zezinhlobo Akuvamile kakhulu, ogama amaqabunga cishe ovundlile. Ngesikhathi touch zingabantu aminyene futhi bushelelezi, ezimise - lanceolate, nge tip kancane wakhomba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamanye izinhlobo amaqabunga sikhule Izitolo zikagesi. Kunezenzakalo we amahlamvu ezibanzi kufushane kakhulu. Abakwazi ababethi ngemibala ehlukene kanye shades: oluhlaza amnyama nokukhanya (esiliva), ensundu ophuzi. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo ibe namaqabunga sansevry umngcele ahlotshiswa.

izimbali

Bheka ukuqhakaza sansevery okuxhunywana kuwo wonke umuntu. Asinakusho ukuthi ushaya ubuhle izimbali zayo: ngokubukeka kungokuhluke nesizotha. Nokho, izimbali kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle kakhulu, futhi akuvamile kakhulu. izimbali zayo zitholakala kwi Imbali iqonde futhi eside neziqu kufanele Amacembe ayo amhlophe ewumngcingo ephethe tinge ogqamile. Stamens eqoqwe inflorescence cylindrical futhi kunalokho obukhulu.

izimbali elimnandi avele ngasekupheleni April noma ekuqaleni kuka May. Bavula kusihlwa bese ugcwalisa emoyeni iphunga elimnandi Igumbi vanilla.

isithelo

La majikijolo, ngaphakathi okuyinto omunye imbewu ezintathu, kodwa ekhaya ngokubukeka kwabo - a rarity.

izinhlobo sansevery

Umholi ongenambangi ethandwa kakhulu iyona emithathu endleleni sansevera, ukunakekelwa okuyinto ukuthobela imithetho elula. It ahluke longitudinal amnyama stripes amaqabunga emincane futhi eside aluhlaza. Ngo esidayisa zabo, njengoba umthetho, it is hhayi ningi than eziyisithupha. Leaf obuphelele sihluke cm 30 komunye futhi amamitha nesigamu, kodwa, kungakhathalekile ubungako bawo, benza mincane futhi tapered ekupheleni. Ngokuthakazelisayo, lokhu zilwane uyakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhanya wemvelo, ungukukhanya eyanele yokufakelwa.

igolide ilangabi

Igama lalesi zilwane ihumusha ngokuthi "ilangabi osemqoka". Kuchazwe khona amahlamvu engenhla umbala ophuzi ukuthi ngempela zifane amalangabi.

cylindrical

Lesi sitshalo sikhula kumuntu ukuphakama 150 cm. It has oluhlaza amnyama eshiya cylindrical ukuma kuze kube ngamasentimitha amabili ububanzi. Ngo isikhungo sabo sihamba kunalokho ezijulile inkatho longitudinal, kanye namathiphu amaqabunga ibukhali. Basuke ehlotshiswe imidweshu esiliva, onqenqemeni amapuleti sihamba umugqa ophuzi. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zipendwe ezithambile ukhilimu umthunzi nge ithiphu ngokubomvu.

Omunye zinhlobo yasekuqaleni uhlobo cylindrical sansevery Velvet uxhumene amahlamvu elikhanyayo oluhlaza.

Laurenti

Lolu hlobo kuye kwavula izinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Sici Its main - thwi ezikhulayo amahlamvu nge umugqa ophuzi, okungaba kokubili amnyama nokukhanya. izimbali White eziqhakaza ngasesinqeni se nezitshalo Uyi panicles spike-like.

Zeylanika

Le mbali zezitsha sansevery variegated eshiya ububanzi futhi eside ifomu xiphoid. On ebumnyameni ipuleti oluhlaza ngezikhathi imali emnyama amaphethini ezimthende.

Honey (efanele)

ezihlukahlukene ezikhexisayo kakhulu, sihluke izinhlobo eziningi sansevery amahlamvu iDemo. Basuke agobile kanye ayesisebenzisa imbali kanjalo sifana vase. manje Hanni imelelwa kwezinhlobo eziningana. Ngokwesibonelo, zenyathi amahlamvu Golden Honey kuhlobisa imivimbo longitudinal ophuzi, elise Ukuboshelwa. Futhi Isiliva Hanni eshiya abe umbala eziyinkimbinkimbi: umbala oluhlaza yengezwe esiliva-grey. On a leaf amnyama futhi edging strip, kodwa hhayi omnandi kakhulu.

Futura

A ezihlukahlukene empeleni esasisesisha. Amahlamvu aso zimfushane futhi ebanzi. umugqa ophuzi ukuthi egobhoza emaphethelweni ipuleti kuba ohlabayo kuka e yezinye izinhlobo.

Moonshine Ilokishi

Esinye isitshalo namahlamvu esifushane futhi ebanzi, kodwa ngendlela ehlukile anemibala. Banezinhliziyo ezinhle silvery luhlaza grey-oluhlaza.

Bali

Eziningana engavamile ezihlukahlukene sansevery. amahlamvu iDemo embozwe njalo abathathela transverse stripes esiliva. Ihamba bona singadluli 50 cm ubude. Ziyakwazi round in shape, kanye namathiphu tapered. Amahlamvu sikhule rosettes compact

Sansevera: ukunakekela izitshalo

Abanolwazi nayizimfundamakhwela houseplants Kunconywa Wabasaqalayo abafuna ukuhlola amandla ayo ukuze ukulima, ukuqala sansevery. Ukunakekela lezi zitshalo ilula, basuke undemanding yezimo ezikhulayo: nokuzwakala ukhululekile kakhulu ukukhanya okukhulu, umthunzi, uyazibekezelela kokubili amazinga aphakeme okushisa aphansi, isomiso kwenza kalula.

Kodwa uma ufuna ngempela ukhule isitshalo enhle, ngaphandle nemithetho ethile, awukwazi ukukwenza.

ukukhanyisa

Sansevera uthanda ukukhanyisa liqhakazile, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi zingabekwa ngaphansi imisebe okuchochobalisayo ilanga. Kunalokho, bangakwazi sina ilimaze isitshalo, kusale ukusha amaqabunga. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ukukhanya lahlakazeka. Nge amaqabunga ayo yokuntuleka ngokushesha ulahlekelwe nomphumela wabo zokuhlobisa, kanti iviyo bebonke, inganyamalala. Lesi sitshalo kuba nombala amaKhaladi nombala oluhlaza kanye ukubukeka akuzona umxhwele kangaka.

Ebusika, lapho imini imfushane futhi uqaphela ukuthi imbali yokuntula ukukhanya, sebenzisa okwengeziwe ukukhanyisa Fluorescent ukukhanyisa.

lokushisa

Ukunakekela kuhilela sansevery bagcine lokushisa. Amazinga elikhulu for lesi sitshalo + 14-16 ° C. Nakuba kuba isitshalo eziqinile futhi kuzothatha impela Ukupholisa sizeable (kufika ku +5 ° C), kodwa iconsi ngisho nakakhulu lokushisa simila kungabulala.

ngokukhethekile kufanele kube ukunakekela ebusika sansevery. Nakekela amahlamvu isitshalo ungathinti abandayo imbali wayengekho okusalungiswa, nangaphansi umfudlana abandayo emoyeni ebusika. Ngezinye angabiki egumbini asisuse sill iwindi.

ukuchelela

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi eziqinile nesomiso iyiphi isitshalo, ke udinga ayakhala, nakuba okujula obuhlukahlukene. Ngalo mqondo, ke iyathinteka futhi sansevera. Uyabakhathalela ke uyavuma ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, kodwa ngokulinganisela. Ungafuni ukuba 'baphuze "isitshalo lekusasa: uyakwazi buthelela umswakamo amahlamvu, kodwa waterlogging ngokweqile kungabangela impande bola. nesomiso eside, esikhundleni salokho, imbali akusho ungumbuso ongayikuchithwa, kodwa okuningi aphange ukubukeka kwayo. Ngakho-ke, zama ukugwema ukweqisa, nisela isitshalo ukuze inhlabathi kwadingeka isikhathi ukuze ome out phakathi kokuphuza elilandelayo ngokulinganayo ayegcwele amanzi.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amanzi kuxhomeke kakhulu ukukhanyisa futhi izinga lokushisa air egumbini: the ephansi ukushisa nokukhanya, izidingo kancane ukuba uyophuziswa. Ukuze ugweme inhlabathi amanzi, sebenzisa amanzi okuhle. Standard amanzi ungqimba kuyoba okwanele. Inhlabathi ezimila sansevera, amanzi ingezwe phezu wawuqeda wonke lo mqulu, hhayi nje phansi ethangini. Ukuze sifinyelele miphumela, inhlabathi engeza indawo umfula isihlabathi - 30% we isisindo ingqikithi.

umswakama

Futhi isibalo simila akuyona abalulekile, ngoba ungowokuzalwa savannah ezomile. Kodwa uma ubona ukuthi amahlamvu zanqwabelana uthuli ngeke ukuvikele sishaye amanzi bavikela ekamelweni lokushisa noma kungaba wesula ngendwangu emanzi.

top-sigqoka

Uma isitshalo sakho itholakala ekamelweni elikhanyayo efudumele, khona-ke uyoba badinga ukuvundiswa nyangazonke esikhathini asebenzayo. Sansevery umquba efanelekayo Cacti, njengoba kuba amnandi. Isakhiwo kuzomele sifake yokudla phosphorus ne-calcium, kodwa nitrogen athobele ngesilinganiso. Ngokusho balimi abanolwazi, kungcono ukwenza izingxenye isigamu kukamanyolo Kunconywa ngumkhiqizi.

Uma imbali yakho ikhula emthunzini sigqoka zingenziwa izingxenye ezincane noma uyozinikela ngokuphelele: i overabundance zikamanyolo kungabangela abolile, ukulahlekelwa emapheshana, lo ukusonteka amaqabunga.

ukufakelwa

Sikhona yini isidingo kule sansevera inqubo? abasha isitshalo ukufakelwa yenziwa njalo ngonyaka. iminyaka Imbali kuka ezimbili ubudala, kudingeka ukufakelwa akuyona ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ngezinye Igumbi sansevery evuthiwe uhlelo impande, ngakho zama ukunciphisa imbiza ngendlela yokuthi izimpande luyokhula ngokushesha futhi baqale ukuchitha ethangini. Embizeni ngoba lesi sitshalo akufanele ajule kakhulu, kodwa eziningi njengoba izimpande luyokhula ngobubanzi. Okunye futhi okubaluleke ngokufanayo amandla ayo: makudle iziqukathi thick-ngodonga ezenziwe ngobumba.

ukulungiselela umhlabathi

Ukufakelwa, uzodinga inhlabathi ukuxubana ehlanganisa ezine izingxenye phansi ishidi, enye ingxenye Turf kanye nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi. Ungakwazi ukwengeza humus noma Peat.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Kangakanani sansevery ukukhiqizwa kabusha ekhaya? Kunezindlela ezimbili: sokuhlukanisa izimpande noma leaf. Yimiphi indlela oyikhethayo, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukukhiqizwa Kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, ngesikhathi esebenzayo. Lokuzaliswa sansevry ishidi ikhiqizwa kanje. ishidi Healthy iyasikwa ibe yizicucwana ngu ngamasentimitha amahlanu yonkana. Khona kwasuka omunye wabayishumi izingxenye ucezu ngalunye alunge stimulator ukukhula impande. Lokho-ke futhi sijulise e Peat-isihlabathi ingxube noma esihlabathini olumanzi.

Cuttings bangcwabe ishidi kumele kube 1-2 cm, kodwa uzinameke ingilazi noma ifilimu akudingekile - umswakama high kungadala abolile. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube liqhakazile, kodwa udlulele, izinga lokushisa kufanele kugcinwe esezingeni +20 ukuze +25 ° C. Amahlumela zokuqala izovela nengxenye noma izinyanga ezimbili.

Lokuzaliswa sansevery variegated izinhlobo kuphela sokuhlukanisa rhizomes, njengoba kusukela leaf cuttings ukhule isitshalo ngemibala iyunifomu, entula amaphethini. I rhizomes abahlukene iloliwe, futhi isikhunta ngokuphelele ngommese.

Abelana impande kuyadingeka ukuze isinqamu ngamunye uye wahlala iphuzu sokukhula, kanye esinezimila rosette. Izigaba kwase baphathwe carbon yasebenza (ochotshoziwe) futhi batshala izimbiza ahlukene egcwele substrate nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu isihlabathi. Ukunisela ekuqaleni kungagcini ubuncane.

Sansevery isifo nezinkinga zingenzeka ukutshala kungani amahlamvu ibuna

Cishe, isizathu yilowo wokunisela enganele. Uma ngesikhathi esifanayo nabo phuzi, sashintsha isizathu ncamashi okuphambene: isifo kubangela bola kubangelwa umswakama ngokweqile noma umswakama ngokufaka yokuxhuma.

• Ingxenye ebolile zalesi sihlahla sisuswa futhi iphathwa isitshalo antifungal. Khona-ke udinga kabusha lesi sitshalo ibe inhlabathi entsha sandy, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kancane Sisule le sansevery.
• Uma amaqabunga ithambe, kodwa umbala wabo engashintshwa, okusho ukuthi imbali yakho abandayo. Susa ezindaweni ezithintekile amaqabunga ufafaze tincetu namalahle. A imbiza nge imbali bathuthele endaweni ukufudumala.
• Eqaphela ukuthi lab 'sansevera wakho bengayeka ezikhulayo, sinake ukukhanyisa: kuyacaca ukuthi ngeke ukukhanya okwanele. Yisa isitshalo ngaseningizimu noma empumalanga iwindi.
• Ngezinye izikhathi amahlamvu avele izindawo ezimhlophe noma brown ezomile. Bathi ukuxoxa ezimbili izizathu okungenzeka: noma imbali akuyona ukukhanya okwanele, noma wathola yilanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi izindawo kungase kubonise phezu-ogelezayo nokumanzisa inhlabathi noma ungenwa igciwane fungal. Kunoma ikuphi, amaqabunga ethintekile ukususa futhi uhlele simila kwenye indawo.
• namahlamvu omile sansevery ngokuvamile ngenxa umonakalo mechanical plate. Omisiwe ngokucophelela usike ingxenye, kokushiya strip mncane.
• Ngu isikali izinambuzane, yizimbuzane, mealybugs, okuyinto kuboniswa izimpawu ezihlukahlukene: ukusonteka amaqabunga, ukubukeka amaconsi umpe, amahlamvu abe ezincane futhi okuningi okufana iphepha, kukhona imithi eminingi ngempumelelo ukuthi ukunikeza imiphumela emihle ekulweni nalezi izinambuzane. Ngokwesibonelo "Fitoverm", okuyinto buhlanjululwe ngamanzi wafutha ngokulandela imiyalelo isitshalo.

Sansevera, izithombe zazo siye sahambisa esihlokweni - kungcono umhlobiso linesizotha futhi okumangalisayo iyiphi elingaphakathi, okuyinto namuhla etshalwa hhayi kuphela emakhaya kodwa futhi emahhovisi, izikhungo ezisemthethweni. It hhayi kuphela ejabulisa nge Umbala Patterned-emthende, kodwa futhi uphulukisa emoyeni egumbini.