Scott Fitzgerald: Biography futhi lokusungula

Indlela aphila ngayo wayesebenzela Frensis Skott Fitsdzherald? Umbhali wencwadi Kuningi ukufana okukhona phakathi yomlando wakhe, ukwanda ekhaliphile isiphetho esibuhlungu kwenza ngempela kubukeke sengathi iqhawe elilodwa amanoveli "The Age Jazz".

Esakhula

Frensis Skott Fitsdzherald wazalwa ngo-1896 edolobheni lase-St Paul State Minnesota. Abazali bakhe usomabhizinisi akuphumelelanga kusukela Maryland futhi indodakazi abacebile ex-pat. Kube umndeni kubangelwe imali kusuka abacebile abazali umama. Umlobi esizayo wafunda esikoleni lomuzi lwakubo ke e esikoleni esingesona esikahulumeni Katolika e-New Jersey futhi ngezinye Princeton University.

Impumelelo academic F. Scott Fitzgerald ngangingenasithakazelo. ukunakwa wale nyuvesi, okokuqala kunakho konke, bakhangwa a lebhola ezinhle kanye club, "Triangle", lapho bahlangana abafundi abanothando yaseshashalazini.

Ngenxa kahle, umbhali esizayo wafunda hhayi semester. Washiya esikoleni, wathi iziguli, futhi kamuva ngokuzithandela ibutho. Njengoba i umelekeleli General George. A. Ryan, uFrancis wenza umsebenzi omuhle kwezempi, kodwa wakhishwa esibhedlela ngo-1919.

Impumelelo lokuqala

Wayengumuntu onjani kwaba Scott Fitzgerald? Biography of umbhali kuba ezithakazelisayo ikakhulukazi lapho ehlangana umkakhe esizayo Zelda Sayre. Weza kusukela umndeni ezinethonya abacebile khona umakoti enviable. Nokho, abazali bakhe ngokumelene emshadweni nendodakazi wezempi wangaphambili. Ukuze umshado senzeka, le nsizwa kwadingeka ukuba sizinze zabo futhi ube eqondile yokuziphilisa.

Ngemva osenyameni yakhe kusuka ibutho, Scott Fitzgerald waya eNew York ngaqala ukusebenza e-ejensi ukukhangisa. Akenzi ushiye iphupho ukwenza lokubhala ephilayo futhi ngenkuthalo ithumela wesandla kubashicileli ahlukahlukene, kodwa yenqatshwe. Ngokujulile uchungechunge okukhathazayo zingqinamba, umbhali ubuyela emzini wabazali bakhe wabe sokuguqula noveli eyayibhalwe ngisho ngesikhathi senkonzo yezempi.

Lokhu inoveli, "zothando Egoist", inqatshelwe umshicileli hhayi ukuhluleka oyinhloko, kodwa isicelo ukwenza izinguquko. Ngo-1920 wanyathelisa incwadi yokuqala Fitzgerald ngokuthi "Lokhu Side kwePharadesi", okuyinto esibukeziwe "Egoist romantic". Roman uthola udumo omkhulu futhi ngaphambi umbhali abasha yavula iminyango abo bonke abamemezeli. impumelelo lwezezimali kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ashade Zelda.

Sokuthuthwa kwempahla enkazimulweni

Scott Fitzgerald beqhumuka lemfundo kufana nesiphepho. "Beautiful Damned", inoveli yakhe yesibili, eyakhululwa ngo-1922, wadala furor futhi waba ethengwa kakhulu. Amaqoqo izindaba dlala, "I nabaseKirene futhi Philosophy" (1920) kanye "Tales Eyikhulu Jazz" (1922) sangisiza ukuba uhlale phezulu. Yena wathola umbhali izihloko omagazini fashion kanye namaphephandaba kanye kwaba omunye wabalobi ikhokhwe esiphezulu isikhathi.

Francis Zelda

"Unyaka Jazz" - okusho elethiwa eko ngesandla ukukhanya somlobi. Futhi Francis ne Zelda baba inkosi nendlovukazi kule nkathi. Imali nodumo umane lwawela phezu kwabo ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi izinsizwa kwasheshe izinhlamvu njalo inhlebo.

Lo mbhangqwana njalo kwashaqisa umphakathi ngayekwenzile ome njengeqanda. In biography yabo ngokwanele izenzo ukuthi eside akazange bavela Amakhasi amaphephandaba ngamandla kuxoxwa. Once in the yokudlela Zelda zaveza peonies ku napkins futhi wenza imidwebo abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. Lo mcimbi seliyinto zokuxoxa nabanye isikhathi eside. Kodwa kwakukhona izizathu nokungokoqobo ngaphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, umbhangqwana uqubuke Manhattan ophahleni itekisi.

Kabanzi yaxoxa futhi ukunyamalala okuyimfihlakalo mbhangqwana izinsuku 4. Batholwe odakiwe endaweni motel ezishibhile, futhi akekho owakwazi khumbula ukuthi bafike kanjani laphaya. Ngesikhathi kudlalwé "amahlazo" UFrancis nqunu. Zelda e zomphakathi akhazinyuliswe emthonjeni.

Drunk Scott Fitzgerald usabise ngokuthi siphume ngefasitela njengoba lencwadi enkulu kunazo zonke selinqunyiwe - "nangokuthi u-Ulysses" uJames uJoyce. Zelda baphuthuma esidlangalaleni ku izitebhisi ngaleso yokudlela, makoti nomona ukuze Isadora Duncan. Ngenxa namasu afanayo lo mkhaya e spotlight, basuke sola, balijabulela.

Europe

Nge ekuphileni okunjalo Fitzgerald ayikwazanga ukusebenza ngokugcwele. Izithandani ukuthengisa indlu yabo futhi ngo-1924 ngathuthela eFrance lapho bazophila kuze 1930. I Riviera e 1925. Francis eqeda inoveli yakhe ephelele kakhulu "The Great Gatsby", okuyinto namuhla ubhekwa obukhulu kuzo zabuna American. Ngo-1926 kuza iqoqo lezindatshana ezimnandi futhi "Zonke edabukisayo izinsizwa."

Kusukela ngo-1925 eqala ukuba igoqe zokuphila lwembhali. Yena ngokuya nokudakwa amahlazo futhi ngicindezelekile. ukuziphatha Zelda sika kuba eziyinqaba, kuyenzeka ingaphazamisi engqondweni yakhe. Kusukela ngo-1930 ukuthi elashelwa bayasangana emitholampilo ezahlukene, kodwa umphumela akuyona kuletha.

Hollywood

Ngo-1934 Scott Fitzgerald ishicilela noveli "Ububele Ingabe Ebusuku," kodwa lokho akusho aletha impumelelo. Khona-ke umlobi iya Hollywood. Ubizwa udidekile futhi unganelisekile ngaye ngokwakhe, ukuthi yalisaphaza ebusheni bakhe futhi ithalente. Umlobi usebenza njengoba umbhali yangasese futhi ezama ukuthola imali eyanele ukuze indodakazi yakhe kanye nokugcinwa ekwelapheni umkakhe. Ngo-1939 waqala ukubhala inoveli yakhe yakamuva mayelana Hollywood ukuphila ukuthi ngeke ngikwazi ukulifunda ngiliqede.

Ngo-1940, abaneminyaka engu-44 ubudala, uFrancis ibulawa yisifo senhliziyo. ukonga akhe angamalangabi ngokulambisa ngokwanele ukuba kuthutha kanye nokwenza amalungiselelo omngcwabo. Zelda efela esibhedlela sengqondo iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye kamuva ngenxa emlilweni.

Ngemva kokufa kwakhe inoveli yakhe yokugcina sidle yanyatheliswa, kanye nomsebenzi ngaphambili uchazwe kabusha. Fitzgerald ubelokhu eqashelwa njengendlela Classic izincwadi, okuyinto echazwe kahle isikhathi sakhe, "Unyaka Jazz".

amanoveli

"Lokhu Side kwePharadesi" - incwadi mayelana nokuthola ngokwakho. I protagonist ehamba, ngokuphinda ukuphila we Fitzgerald, ukuqeqeshwa lemifisha Princeton, waba yisosha, sizohlangana intombazane, ayivusa angashadi ngenxa yobumpofu.

Incwadi "Beautiful Damned" kusitshela lutho empilweni imibhangqwana, kanye futhi umbhali libhekisela yakhe nakho ekuphileni. "Isizukulwane Lost" - izingane ezivela emikhayeni ekhomba ngophakathi abangakwazi bazithola kanti ezinye inhloso Ukuphila lutho.

"I Gatsby Elikhulu" hhayi kwaduma besekhona lalobhalako, le noveli lwaziswa kuphela ayisihlanu. Incwadi liyakhuluma ngokuphela indodana umlimi abampofu uthandana nentombi umphakathi eliphezulu. Ukunqoba inhliziyo enhle, Gatsby uhola imali eningi futhi uhlala endaweni ne othandekayo wakhe nomyeni wakhe, aze angene umbuthano wabo, uhlela amaqembu okubizayo. Incwadi likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe yokuphila yezicebi ku "Roaring Yawo 'futhi ukuwa zokuziphatha. Kuyinto emphakathini ezifana kwakugxile Frensis Skott Fitsdzherald. Abagxeki ubeke incwadi ku endaweni yesibili phakathi best lesiNgisi amanoveli kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Njengomhlaba ezinye izindaba, "Ububele Ingabe Night", nakuba asiphindi, kodwa kuningi esifana ngakho ukuphila lwembhali. I protagonist, isazi sezifo zengqondo, ukushada isiguli sakhe kusukela lomkhaya ocebile. Bahlala ogwini we Riviera, lapho indoda kufanele sihlanganise indima yokuba umyeni nge indima udokotela.

"The Last Tycoon" imayelana emhlabeni cinema American. Incwadi wawungakapheli.