Sebenza uxhumano gas womzalwane: ukuklanywa igesi ukunikezela ukufakwa imishini igesi

Isinqumo uxhumano gas womzalwane kunengqondo, njengoba lolu hlobo uphethiloli iyona eshibhe ngakhoke odingeka phakathi abathengi. Uma nawe sinqume ukusebenzisa iphrojekthi gasification, kufanele wazi ukuthi isinyathelo saziso is klamo igesi ukunikezela ukuthi liyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ephephile futhi uxhumano eyodwa yokuhlala luhlobo amanethiwekhi.

Ukuze afeze umsebenzi design kungaba abameleli amafemu ilayisensi esenza okuthile, kodwa ikhasimende Ungafunda SNP, kuyilapho supply igesi luzoqala iqhaza umthengi, ngubani uzokwazi ukuba ukhethe isikimu okunengqondo.

izinyathelo zokuvikeleka

igesi Iziqhumani kuyinto ikhemikhali oluvuthayo. Uma ngisho kancane kude izimiso zokwakha, kungase kube imbangela yale nhlekelele. Negesi kuyinto enobuthi futhi iyingozi emvelweni, umklami kufanele inake wonke la umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Umnikazi ekhaya kumele uqaphele ukuthi iphrojekthi Kunconywa ukuba ukubhuka inqubo ukwakhiwa yokuhlala, njengoba isidingo ekamelweni elihlukile engisibekele Ukushisa iyunithi ngaphansi Igumbi kubhayela, ukuhlinzeka ukupholisa ngempumelelo ngaphakathi.

Negesi Supply System Design

Igesi yemvelo supply design eyonquma izindleko umsebenzi, konke kuzoncika ububanzi ipayipi, izintambo isimiso, inani egoba, inani ingcindezi izigaba imishini ezikhethiwe kanye izinto. Iphayiphi, okuyinto uyokulwa endlini, kungenziwa wabeka ngezindlela ezimbili: evulekile noma ngaphansi komhlaba. Kuvele iphayiphi komhlaba kubiza izikhathi 1,5 eqolo ngaphezu kwanoma phezulu ukuqaliswa indlela. Kodwa kulokhu, igemfe uyovikelwa kusukela imithelela mechanical sezulu. izinhlelo Underground ziphephile futhi enokwethenjelwa, kodwa ukuthola imbangela futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe lapho lilimele.

Lapho kwenziwe ukuklanywa igesi ukuthengisela, kungenzeka kulesigaba anqume ukuthi pipe ngaphezu komhlaba. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imisebenzi enjalo ishibhile, ezinye izingxenye iphayiphi babeyosongela le ukugqwala, bangakwazi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuxhuma ukuthi kuyingozi imvelo. Hhayi njalo kukhethwa indlela obeka iphayiphi kuthinta isici intengo. Kunemibandela ukuthi musa zincike izifiso ikhasimende, kubo bazimisele nezidingo SNIP amagugu umsebenzi okungalungile zenhlabathi, okungaveza ukugqwala okusheshayo izinto.

Isidingo laying iphayiphi igesi ngaphansi komhlaba

Kwezinye izimo, eduze ngempela esilinganayo, ephezulu voltage izintambo zikagesi, okuhlanganisa isidingo laying iphayiphi igesi ngaphansi komhlaba. Uma iphayiphi komhlaba ngabe uwele ezweni omakhelwane, akunakwenzeka njalo kutfola kuvumelana yabo. Negesi supply emizini yabazalwane kungaba kuxazululwe on ubuchwepheshe amapayipi emakhiyubhi ngaphanzi komhlaba, lapho izinga lokushisa asemkhathini esifundeni ukuwa ngezansi 45 degrees. Ngezinye izikhathi liner iphrojekthi iphayiphi kuya isakhiwo sokuhlala inguqulo elihlangene ehlanganisa kokubili izindlela ukufakwa.

Izici womklamo amanethiwekhi yangaphakathi

Negesi supply emizini yabazalwane kungaba sizakhele kuphela emva ukubala kanye nomklamo kohlelo. Lezi imisebenzi zisekelwe izici ngamunye ngesisekelo okuyinto ikhasimende ziyoyizwa imishini ukuze amandla kanye nohlobo. Kukhona izidingo jikelele ngoba ukudalwa amaphrojekthi, ngawo ukuhambisana Kuphoqelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukufakwa iyunithi kuyadingeka ukwaba egumbini kubhayela, okuyinto akufanele etholakala endaweni yokuhlala. Ngo kudivayisi eyodwa kumele ubeke eceleni 4 square metres, futhi ukuphakama ophahleni kumele okungenani ibe 2.2 amamitha. Umnyango ukuvulwa kumele abe ububanzi 0.8 amamitha, futhi ubukhulu iwindi kubalwa okusekelwe ifanelwe 10 cubic metres Igumbi 0.3 amamitha.

I flue kufanele aqede izinto okungezona ezivuthayo. Ukufakwa imishini igesi kufanele kwenziwe igumbi lapho ufuna ukubamba ngamandla, igesi kanye namanzi, futhi indle. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha yezokuxhumana kagesi kufanele lusekelwe. Indle iyadingeka ukuze eziphuthumayo amanzi. Igumbi kubhayela yakhelwe kucatshangelwa khona ohlelweni ukupholisa iziteshi ezimbili ngefasitele. isiteshi engeziwe kuqala kuyadingeka ukuze ukufakwa ngefasitele, kanti eyesibili - zokuhlanzwa.

Uma unquma ukuthenga imishini nenselele yemvelo lokho kuzodinga ukupholisa Izinsimbi, ngokusebenzisa okuzokwenza ukungena emoyeni opholile. Uma uzosebenzisa deku Ukushisa igesi indlu yezwe, ngefasitele kufanele wenziwe material igesi-ezihambisanayo. Ingxenye engenhla fume iqoqo amashubhu Kufanele ube ngaphezulu ophahleni. Kubhayela kufanele kubekwe kude amalangabi evulekile bevela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ukuze kufanele kuqinisekiswe indlela khulula.

Izincomo ezenziwe umklamo kohlelo igesi ukunikezela

Uma kubhayela unekhono ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nalesi ukususwa ngenkani imikhiqizo amandla omlilo, okusalungiswa yemvelo akudingekile ukuhlela ukufunda ngazo. Lo msebenzi oyokwenziwa fan okuyinto efakwe kule ipayipi ngaphezu yokhalo ophahleni. Ngokuvamile efakwe kushimula coaxial, okuyinto aqukethe pair of amapayipi nge diameters ezahlukene. Ngokusebenzisa zangaphandle flue isiteshi umoya ohlanzekile ngeke iyangena egumbini ukufudumala ngenxa yamandla yamagesi flue esiseZwini kwangaphandle. Umklamo kunciphisa petrol futhi kukhulisa nekusebenta idivayisi.

Ukufakwa gas okokubilisa

Sebenza uxhumano gas womzalwane zenziwa ngokuvumelana SNiP 41-01-2003. Lezi imithetho nokulungisa okukhulunywa ukuthi kubhayela igesi kungenziwa akhiwe egumbini elingaphansi noma phasi, okusho uhlele okukhipha ezengeziwe ngaphandle. Uma okokusebenza kufanele ahlelwe isandiso, kumele kube ke eduze udonga engenalutho indlu. Uhlelo Ukushisa benengcindezi 1.8 emkhathini obezvozdushivaetsya futhi ihlolwe ukuvuza.

Kubhayela kumele kulekelelwa somthetho voltage i uninterruptible ugesi. Kubalulekile ukuba acabangele okuthile okuhlukile, phakathi kwabo, kufanele zabelwe akunasidingo edamu kubhayela ivolumu, uma imishini has a avaliwe omlilo ekamelweni. Kulokhu, iwindi nge ukufinyelela ngaphandle ayidingekile. Uma uthenge ebhodweni, amandla 23.3 kW, ihora uyozishisa 2.5 cubic metres of gas. Ukuqinisekisa omlilo ephelele umthamo edingekayo 30 cubic metres of air ngehora. Esikhathini engekho isamba elanele komoya ngenkathi operation igesi ngeke zisishise siphele, okungasenza kwetinhlavu kanye Ukubuthelela eyingozi empilweni yomuntu.

umsebenzi Izici ukufakwa

Uma unquma ukuba afeze umsebenzi igesi uxhumeke womzalwane, imishini kumele afakwe egumbini kubhayela ukuze esikhanyayo ngembobo iwindi. iphayiphi amapayipi kufanele senziwe kuphela eyinsimbi, kufanele uhlukane nale ukusetshenziswa hoses nezimo, okuyinto zisebenza kuphela ukuxhuma abathengi ngabanye. Kubalulekile ukubala cross-ingxenye ngefasitele, okuyinto ngokuvumelana nemithetho elihambisana amandla kudivayisi. Uma ipharamitha zokugcina ezibalwe okulingana 30 kilowatts, ububanzi we kushimula kuyinto 130 amamilimitha angu. Chimney ubukhulu lakhuphuka lafika ku-170 mm uma okukhipha kubhayela kuyoba ulingana 40 kilowatts.

Isikimu gas supply kumele kubhekwe phambi usebenza, kodwa ukwethulwa kohlelo kumele kwesokunxele ochwepheshe. endaweni Sectional ka ngefasitele akumelwe ibe ncane kune- kuvulwa endaweni cross-Sectional uxhumano yayo. Amandla imishini uhlelo kumele kulekelelwa othomathikhi esakhelwe Ukuvikelwa ezishisayo kanye zamanje. Ukuqeda igesi ukuvuza endlini udinge ukufaka analyzer igesi, kodwa valve kagesi kuzovimba fuel ukugeleza ngokuzimela.

izimfuneko

uxhumano igesi usebenza ekhaya yangasese okufanele iqhutshwe kuphela ngemva izofakwa Ukushisa imishini. It kungenziwa akhiwe egumbini, kodwa emzini womzalwane kumelwe abe single-umndeni. Uma kuziwa isakhiwo sokuhlala, bese usetha kubhayela igesi egumbini akuvunyelwe. I-apharathasi edingekayo ukuze unikezwe esiphikisayo igesi, ukubeka engxenyeni engenhla uhlelo kubhayela ukupholisa. Umsebenzi ku yokuxhuma endlini igesi eyalo snip ngenhla, igesi supply kuhambisana yonke imithetho nokulungisa kuyoba okuphephile. Kukhona imithetho nokulungisa i-inombolo II-35-76, kuyiphi uzokwazi ukufunda mayelana izici ukufakwa imishini kubhayela.

imibhalo

Imibhalo uxhumano igesi kumele kuqoqwe nguwe ukudidiyelwa yephrojekthi gas supply ukuthi wenziwa Gorgaz. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela kubhayela lwamakholi, imiyalelo yokusebenzisa, izitifiketi inhlanzeko, kanye iziphetho ukuhlolwa nesikhathi izidingo imishini.