Sitolo sekudla lokuphekiwe - Iyini? Umlando kanye nezinhlobo zokudla

Ngesikhathi elithi "yokudlela" umcabango abantu abaningi udonsa exquisitely ehlotshisiwe igumbi stylish incwadi imenyu, ukukhonza umbhalo wekugcina lolungiswe emaphutsa, nethezekile furnishings futhi okumnandi, kodwa ukudla okubizayo. Okunye Impendulo ilula - yindawo lapho nawe ungadla. Kuyini imelela eside?

Incazelo Umsuka wegama elithi

Isichazamazwi uthi zokudlela - lena inkampani iIgama, lapho, njengoba umthetho, kukhona umculo pop (umculo bukhoma) nezinye ukuzijabulisa. Basebenza ngokuyinhloko kusihlwa nobusuku isikhathi. Endaweni enjalo ungakwazi ukunambitha izitsha okukhethekile neziphuzo - eqolo, kodwa izinga. Kubonisa nokuthi yokudlela nakanjani banezeluleko enkulu ngezifiso anamagama okudaliwe Culinary.

Kuqhamuka yokudlela isiFulentshi, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "ukunciphisa" 'ukuqinisa ". Okokuqala esetshenziswa ekhulwini XVIII, lapho okuthiwa omunye zokudlela e-Paris. Futhi igama lesikhungo wanika izivakashi sengathi ukwazisa kumnikazi Boulanger, ngubani wasungula umhluzi imenyu izakhi. Kepha usomabhizinisi lowo akusho nje umphelelisi uhla isobho okumnandi, kubuye kube uphawu ayelenga ngendlu, okwakubekelwa into efana ebhaliwe "Wozani kimi, Ngiyakukubuyisela kini."

Umlando ukubukeka: kwakukhona yokudlela kuqala lapho, futhi kanjani ukuthuthukisa leli bhizinisi?

Selokhu ezikhathini zasendulo, emathaveni zokudla ezidume ngokukhethekile, kodwa kuphela phakathi izivakashi: abendawo bacabanga ukuthi imfucuza bayehluleka ngekwetimali, futhi okungadingekile imali.

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke yokudlela European itholakala Madrid - "Sobrino de Botin." It lavulwa ngo 1725, kodwa ehlukile kancane kusuka wanamuhla. Sitolo sekudla lokuphekiwe - lena manje izinhlangano ezinjalo, ezilungiselela futhi izidlo ngokwezifiso ezisebenza ngohlelo oluthile. Ngokokuqala ngqá isikhungo esifanayo uvele kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII. Lokhu spurt ebhizinisini yokudlela benza uMnu Beauvilliers. Lesakhiwo yasungulwa ngo 1782 ngaphansi kwegama "Grand Taverne de Londra".

Kodwa asikwazi ukuthi umphakathi 1725, "Sobrino de Botin" - yokudlela endala. Old, noma kunalokho, ilungu lokuqala le kwavulwa igatsha emuva 1153 ngokuthi "Bukit Inkukhu House." Itholakala edolobheni Chinese Kaifeng. Sidinga kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo? Le restaurant ivuliwe futhi namuhla has eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-860!

I-Russian yokudlela bezamabhizinisi basondela esanda kutholakala, esikhathini esithile ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Ekuqaleni wathola lolu hlobo kuphela sikhungo emahhotela. owaqala nozakwethu, owayegqoka kahle futhi zihlanzekile, uhlelo ukuzijabulisa ihlelwe kwamiswa kusuka ezihlukahlukene amamenyu futhi eqotho: Khona yokudlela lokuqala "Slavic Bazaar", sihlukile iIgama bonke lavulwa ngo eMoscow. Ngakho, kancane kancane zokudla "entsha" ngemoto sisuka Petersburg inhloko-dolobha zokudla "ubudala". Kodwa nakhu inothi ezithakazelisayo: ingeyamakhosi Caterers ephezulu ngubani aziyona Russian. Ngokuvamile abanikazi babengenawo namaJalimane French.

Khona-ke inguquko zaqala ukuhlasela, kwathi lapho eseqedile, eziningi zokudla abangu esivaliwe esibhalwe ukuthi "nezimfuneko." Kodwa ngemva 1950 kwakukhona imvuselelo sabo eRussia. Ngisho yokwakha kabusha futhi ukuwa Union akazange abe nomphumela ezicindezelayo ezikuyi-ibhizinisi yokudlela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, abaningi nezikole ezizimele yaqala ukubonakala.

Kancane kancane savela zokudla. Le nto ikhona ngesinqumo ezindaweni, okungase kuhluke kakhulu komunye nomunye kokubili imenyu ezihlongozwayo, kanye nendlela ukucubungula izindawo.

Ingabe sengqondo maqondana lo restaurateur ndaba?

Igama livela restaurateur French futhi uhumusha ngokuthi "umninindlu, umnikazi we yokudlela." Futhi unjalo umuntu akusho ukuthi izikhungo inethiwekhi, okungenani ingxenye eyodwa. Kalula nje, yingoba iyona usomabhizinisi ngubani eba nomqondo yokudlela, begodu nokobana iphrojekthi imali yabo.

Ngokuvamile, restaurateur kanye chef, noma ngisho zilawule yonke imisebenzi: ezimali, kwamakhasimende, nakho konke okunye. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi okuphambene nalokho, lapho iqasha umphathi, igade imisebenzi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu zokudlela, chef futhi akhe ithimba, oweta, Accountants, zokuhlanza futhi Umshini wokuwasha izitsha.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi impumelelo ebaluleke kakhulu chef kanye yokudlela ngokuvamile - reception izinkanyezi Red UMichelin. Kuthathwa isihloko ehlonishwa kakhulu. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ngokungafani eRussia, umsebenzi oqeqeshiwe.

Izinhlobo zokudla: bayini?

Manje eziningi iIgama: ubhiya zokudla, ezinkantini, amathilomu ezivamile futhi ubuciko, zokudla, nemishayo, hlupha nemishayo, nokunye. Kodwa kukhona ngezigaba ezivamile ngamazwe ukuthi uhlukanisa izikhungo kuncike kanjani kahle wacabanga imenyu, design elingaphakathi, abasebenzi izingubo kanye namasevisi ezengeziwe.

Ukwahlukanisa izivakashi:

1. "Lux". Lona zokudla ezibizayo kakhulu futhi imfashini, ngempela onengubo lounge cocktail nge ikamelo ibha kanye edilini. Ingaphakathi isitayela kufanele ngikwenze ngokugcwele igama lesikhungo. Njengomthetho, ukudalwa izikhungo ezinjengalezi bezindlu uzihlanganisa nabaqambi. Ukusebenza endaweni yokudlela kuphela longcweti abaqeqeshwe, akha isampula olulodwa. Futhi esimweni abasebenzi obhekene ekufezeni imisebenzi zokuzithokozisa. Basuke ifakwe Izitolo okudayisa lapho ungakwazi ukuthenga izimbali noma eziyisikhumbuzo. Esikhathini imenyu, cishe ingxenye lonke uhla - amakhono.
2. ekilasini Upper. The elingaphakathi yoqobo, lokuzikhethela amasevisi, anhlobonhlobo izitsha kanye uhlelo kusihlwa ukuzijabulisa.
3. ebangeni lokuqala - Ingaphakathi bokuzwana akukho frills, okungenani amanye amasevisi amaklayenti, kanye nokukhethwa izinhlobo ezahlukene izitsha.

"Inkanyezi" yokudlela:

• 1 inkanyezi (Class 4) - kumele anezindlu zangasese, zokudla kuhlanzekile yini phezu kwamatshe amazwi air conditioning bafudumale, ikhishi kanye efrijini namanzi behlukile ihholo ngu 24 ikhasimende 1 isisebenzi.
• 2 izinkanyezi (Grade 3) - zonke izimangalo njengoba kuya ekilasini 4th, 1 kuphela umsebenzi izivakashi 20. Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa kuze Cutlery kanye izitsha.
• 3 izinkanyezi (isigaba 2) - zonke izidingo ngenhla +1 iklayenti akuyona esingaphansi 1.5 m². Umuntu oyedwa ukhonza abantu 15.
• 4 izinkanyezi (1 ikilasi) - Amamenyu zitholakala ngezilimi ezingu-2 noma ngaphezulu, isikhala singenamuntu ngaphandle 2 ikilasi, lo weta futhi umphathi e - yonke izivakashi 5.
• 5 izinkanyezi (isigaba eliphakeme) - zonke izimfuneko ezichazwe ngaphambilini, kanye eliphezulu, ifenisha ukhululekile ngokhuni oluyigugu. 5 izivakashi isikhonzi yokudlela nomsizi wakhe.

Ngu intengo:

• Umnotho - ruble 500-600.
• Business - 1500-2000 ruble, kufanele kube umculo bukhoma, imenyu kuhlanganisa eziningi ukudla okuhlukahlukene ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene.
• Isigaba sokuqala noma Club - kusukela 1000 euro, inkonzo ezingeni eliphezulu, ukhonza ukudla izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu, uhlu iwayini.

Ngokusho ubuchwepheshe:

• Gastronomic - izitsha nezinhlu iwayini elimnandi.
• Okuvamile (Casual) - akukho frills imenyu, uhlu iwayini, isidlo imikhiqizo Semi-siphelile, uzilungiselele ngaphambili.
• Bar (pub, Tavern) - okuncane okukhethwe ukuba izitsha ilula ukulungiselela, self-service.
• inkonzo Quick - wakhonza ukudla ngaphambili simisiwe, oweta kukhona.
• ukudla okusheshayo - isevisi esheshayo, uhla encane.
• Ukudla Street - ubuncane ukudla, ijubane ukulungiselela, cheapness. Sebenza emgwaqeni.
• Igumbi lokudlela - izinguquko imenyu kuye ngokuthi ukudla ukudla namuhla kule esiqandisini.
• Catering - iIgama. Ukukhokha kusengaphambili, futhi izitsha ibhalwe amakhilogramu.

Indawo yokudlela cuisine - ithuba ukubukela labapheki

Muva nje, kucelwe imvume isikhala iIgama olunjalo luya luba ethandwa kakhudlwana. Indawo yokudlela ekhishini muhle ukuthi labapheki ukulungiselela ukudla phambi kwamehlo izivakashi, lapho amakhasimende angakwazi lokuhlola izinga hhayi kuphela izitsha kakade walungisa, kodwa futhi banake indlela isimo sengqondo oqotho umsebenzi wabo ubeka abasebenzi.

Indawo yokudlela-bar - indawo ephelele abathandi iziphuzo esihle

Ngokuvamile, le ndawo ezimbalwa ezengeziwe (VIP, idili) nokukodwa neziyisihlanu, ifakwe bar, kuhlanganise ibanga ezihlukahlukene iziphuzo, kuhlanganise iwayini uhlu olubanzi. Ibha-yokudlela Ungase futhi ibe ncane. Ezindaweni ezinjalo ngokuvamile ukukhonza e-counter, kodwa kukhona oweta.

Sitolo sekudla lokuphekiwe onguchwepheshe ukupheka cuisine ethile emhlabeni

Akuvamile ukuthola izikhungo ezifana, okwakuyoholela ukudla kuphela ezihlanganisiwe ezweni elithile. Ngokuvamile, noma ngabe indawo sonkana kanye inikezwe njengoba yokudlela Russian noma, isibonelo, isiNtaliyane, imenyu Kusengenzeka ukuthola okukhona ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu kwelinye izwe. Nokho, kukhona labo bebizwa kazwelonke.

Kuningi ukudla okuhlukahlukene ehlukene, iyinye eminyaka abantu bengawutholi wempilo wakwazi ukuthola zokupheka, okungase azisatholakali ikuphi. Ngokwesibonelo, unama-Italiya - kunjani isobho ngoba Russian futhi imiqulu eJapan - njengoba ayi ethosiwe ukuze amaJalimane angasiboni. Futhi kulo lonke izwe ungathola izindawo ngokukhethekile hhayi kuphela ukulungiswa "bomdabu" cuisine, futhi ukujabulela ukunambitheka kanye ukunikela okujabulisa ezihlukahlukene ezinye izizwe zomhlaba.

zokudla ezinezihloko

Ingabe kokubili ezivamile eyezinto nokwesabekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, yokudlela isitayela kwehlathi noma cafe French. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, kugcizelelwa ukuthuthukiswa senziwe isitayela imenyu ukuthi kwaba ezinye ukuxhumana phakathi kwezihloko kanye amakhono. Futhi banake indlela ukudla. I ukufana okuningi, izivakashi mnandi uhlale, udle endaweni enjalo. Ngokwesibonelo, isibhedlela, indawo yokudlela, lapho ungabona isithombe ngezansi. Konke kucatshangelwe kahle, ukuthi kubonakala sengathi empeleni esibhedlela.

Kodwa konke lokhu "zimbali". Creepy yokudlela Japanese lihlotshiswe ku isitayela Alcatraz esibhedlela sasejele, okuyinto ubuswa izesekeli efanayo, njengoba abantu badle ematafuleni, emi ejele. Sausage bekhonza ekhanda dummy. Futhi eTaiwan, yokudlela lapho ungusihlalo futhi izitsha ezenziwe ngesimo zangasese. Nayi zokudala.

Sitolo sekudla lokuphekiwe - lokhu cafe?

kukhona ezinye umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zezikhungo. Futhi, isimiso, abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi yokudlela - kuba abahloniphekile ungcono cafe. Inketho kuqala inikeza izivakashi anhlobonhlobo izitsha, phakathi lapho kukhona liqinile, futhi iziphuzo, ngokukhethekile, nohlu olubanzi iwayini. Ngo ezincane kakhulu cafe imenyu, futhi izinga kwemikhiqizo engezansi, kanye namanani. Yingakho ejwayele ukuqonda ukuthi omunye isikhungo yakhelwe "okusezingeni eliphezulu" umphakathi, kanti elinye - abantu abahola isilinganiso.