Sokuzingela Mannlicher: umlando, intengo. Insabule ukuze Mannlicher sokuzingela

Phakathi izikhali ezincane, wadala ku 1890s, i-Mannlicher isibhamu kuyinto ethile ethakazelisa ngokukhethekile. yakhelwe yayo by uFerdinand Mannlicher e 1895. Ngokwemvelo, kokusungulwa iye ogama lakhe behlonipha kumdlali. Singasho ukuthi Mannlicher sokuzingela kwadingeka eziningi izici zayo, ngakho-ke wabheka kahle ngendlela zasemuva zezinye izinhlelo izikhali ezincane ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa ake sixoxe konke ukuze.

Umlando omncane

Ukuphinda sokuzingela Mannlicher e 1895 wamukelwa ibutho Austro-Hungarian. Ngalezo zinsuku kwaba isikhali okunokwethenjelwa ngempela futhi kunembile. Umsunguli wawo kwaba uFerdinand Mannlicher gunsmith ukusebenza kwenye izingalo nezimboni Steyr. Kusukela 1895 kuya ku-1918 e Budapest futhi Steyr yadalwa 3 million ngezibhamu, futhi ukuhlela kabusha ehlukahlukene (izibhamu, sniper izibhamu). Lokhu kusetshenziswa kakhulu izikhali ezincane ngokuthi "i-M95".

Ngemva kokuwa izibhamu Austro-Hungarian elaliqhubeka ne-Austria naseHungary. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-nani elihlaba umxhwele izibhamu yalolu hlobo babe e-Italy. Nokho, kuleli zwe akusho akhiqize kubo futhi wathola kuphela njengoba Trophies. Kakade 1924 isikhali iguqulwe ibe German Mauser 7.92 mm igobolondo. Sici sici kwakuwukuba khona kwezithunywa emgqonyeni esifushane futhi Mauzerovskogo Ukugunda. Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo Mannlicher sokuzingela asetshenziswa kabanzi, njengoba cishe model.

Ezinye amaqiniso angokomlando mnandi

Ngo-1930, e-Austria, kwanqunywa ukuba ushintshe isibhamu chambered 8h56R, kusukela wayenamandla ngaphezulu. izinguquko ezinkulu ziye zathinta isiqu, okwakubekelwa kakhulu mfushane, futhi kusetshenziswa kakhulu izikhali ezincane lithole entsha, emehlweni olwesimanje.

Ukulandela sesimanje Austria naseHungary eyingoduso. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izibhamu Hungarian, kanye Austrian, abangu kabanzi phakathi Second neMpi Yezwe. Ngo-1885 Mannlicher athuthukile esitolo nge ekuqhumeni ukulayisha. Ezisetshenzisiwe olulodwa-irowu esitolo e iphakethe sensimbi, okuyinto lisekhona ukudedelwa egcwele cassette. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, Mannlicher sokuzingela kwaba lula kakhulu ukusebenzisa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi khohlanisa isosha. Ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene, njengoba isibonelo kamuva kancane.

umshudo okuqondile

Singasho ukuthi omunye umshudo ngqo uma ziqhathaniswa rotary kwadingeka kunezinzuzo zako kanye nebubi. Sasiphathelene umzimba cylindrical kokuba umhlahlandlela longitudinal nge shank esangweni futhi lugs. Ingxenye elingaphakathi lalinesango emikhulu Kuvunguza, bahlanganiswe nge anemifantu engenayo phezu shank.

Kungokwemvelo ukuba esangweni umsila kwaba inhlamvu, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba ngesandla likhala le pin labadubuli ngaphandle kokuvula yesivalo uqobo. Uma sikhuluma izinzuzo isinqumo esinjalo, kuba lula yokukhiqiza. Nokho, kwakunezingqinamba abalulekile. The main wabo - nokuzwela udoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo umugqa isango, kunokusebenza rotary, anganikeza isizinda enkulu emkhonweni, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi abaphumeleli. Futhi ewindini ukukhipha iphakethe, okuyinto has usayizi umxhwele, njalo ngaphandle ukungcola futhi ingangenwa amanzi.

carbine Mannlicher: ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe

Isici esiphawulekayo isampula sokuzingela 1895 wakhathala emgqonyeni, ukubona kanye embhedeni ngcono. Kulokhu, thina wasebenzisa igobolondo standard kanye esangweni iqonde, okuyinto, njengoba siye kakade esiphethweni, akuyona into nezihibe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi akazange abe sokuzingela insabule enjalo Austro-Hungarian ibutho. Mannlicher lunganikezwanga. Kulokhu, carabiner sesiyakhokhiswa nje njengoba ngokushesha futhi kalula njengoba inguqulo elihamba, okwakunginika inzuzo eningi empini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhali yaba negalelo elincane nesisindo ongaphakeme, ngakho-ke kungenzeka kwenziwe phezu kwehlombe ngaphandle izindleko ezinkulu zamandla. carbine okunjalo okuyinto agcwalisiwe ehhashini, a amandla fuse kuyinto ezingeni eliphezulu.

Ideal for abakhwele amahhashi

Elikhulu Rifle "Mannlicher" ethandwa 1895 sijatshulelwe ngesikhathi troopers. Ngomqondo onabile, asikwazi ngokuthi isimanga. Ngenxa yalesi udumo kwaba iqiniso ukuthi kunezinzuzo ebalulekile enjengesifundo izinga namandla eliphezulu. Ngo ukulwa, kumane nje izinga Irreplaceable. Singasho ukuthi Mauser futhi "trehlineyki" kakhulu eliphansi in ngezindlela eziningi kule isikhali. Ngokuqondene nemiphumela ethile engathandeki, ukuzwela ke, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, lezi zibandakanya anda ukuze izintuli nokungcola, kanye butho elikhulu isicelo lapho sihamba yokucina. Nokho, ngekhono ngenxa, kokubili ethile lokuqala nelesibili siqedwa kalula. Scouts, amaqembu elihamba eshaywayo, kanye Cossacks wayevame "Mannlicher", njengoba sinamandla futhi ngesilinganiso umlilo. Njengoba izintambo ziyobe ziphethwe uyakwazi lokhu isibhamu baba yisikhali esibulalayo.

Austrian "Mannlicher": sniper kuqhuma

Njengoba ungase ucabange, lapha sizogxila izikhali ezincane, hhayi 1900s. Lokhu sokuzingela anti-kwemathiriyali wawenziwe e-Austria Arms Factory "Steyr". isikhali Developed kwaba ngo-2004. Injongo eyinhloko izikhali ukubhujiswa lokudutshulwa isitha, kanye nokugcinwa umlilo izindiza nezimoto kancane zempi. Isetshenziselwa kokudubula a igobolondo "Browning .50", kanye Ushintshe .460 Steyr.

Into ezithakazelisayo wukuthi lesi sikhali akuyona esitolo, njengoba eziningi zalezi zinsuku sniper izibhamu, futhi singly icala ibhawudo beya. Picatinny wesitimela evumela ukusetshenziswa ezifanele inikezwe isimo yokukhanya. Eme phambi kwaleso embhedeni elise bipod, zingabantu adjustable ukuphakama. Ukuze banciphise umthelela engxenyeni ezingemuva Butt has a mfutho iraba ukushaqeka. Singasho ukuthi lena ngempumelelo kakhulu "Mannlicher". Sniper sokuzingela yalolu hlobo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuletha umlilo okuhloswe ngaso ibanga 1.5 km.

Uyini "Mannlicher-Carcano"?

UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki ukuthola eside ezifana "Mannlicher-Carcano". Abaningi sebeqala ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kungenye ukuguqulwa nezibhamu i-M95, kodwa ngandlela-thile akulungile. Lapha sikhuluma a igobolondo ebumbeneko eliye lasetshenziswa ngamasosha Italian ngesikhathi 1 no 2 Umhlaba Izimpi.

Waziveza ukuba siyasebenza kakhulu amabanga of 200-300 amamitha. Amandla isetshenziswa igobolondo Lesisemkhatsini. Futhi, "Mannlicher-Carcano" esetshenziswa Finns empini ekulweni neSoviet Union. Esikhathini esizayo, amabutho Finnish lawa abehlome ngezibhamu izikhali ezincane "Carcano", okuyinto zazingenzelwanga ne Mannlicher. UMongameli Kennedy wadutshulwa ngosizo "Mannlicher-Carcano." Rifle ngaphansi kwalesi igobolondo ayizange esungulwe, kodwa kwezinye tinkhulumo ziye reworked. Ngo iminyuziyamu yesimanje zingatholakala ephelelwe yisikhathi isampula slug kokuba ogive blunt. Bona kwathathelwa indawo ezicijile, okuyinto kubhekwa ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana futhi penetrative.

"Mannlicher" ukuzingela ngezibhamu

"Steyr" Le nkampani ekhona kuze kube namuhla. anolwazi ukuvumele ukukhiqiza izikhali izinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Lapha ungathola amavolovolo esibuhlungu, sniper izibhamu, carbines nokuzingela izibhamu. Sinesithakazelo nje endaweni yokugcina, okuyinto sizobe ukukhuluma. Into yokuqala Ngithanda ukubalula zabuna okuthiwa, lapho SBS 96 Classic. Lokhu isikhali ifakwe turning umshudo beya, okuyinto kuyivumela masinya agcwalisiwe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi isivikelo ukungcola nothuli usebenzisa nepepper esangweni wokuxovela. Nokho, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, e izimo zemvelo, it is hhayi ivimbekile. Thenga-off ku imizuliswano 4. ichashazi wesihlanu ungakwazi kufanele zithunyelwe ngqo isiqu. Ukuze abazingela kwanele.

Ukudubula rifled "Mannlicher"

ochwepheshe Russian owawuse sokudubula. Ukuhlola kwenziwe hhayi kuphela ibanga sokudubula, kodwa futhi ngqo kwi ekuzingeleni. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka ekwindla-ebusika rifled isibhamu SBS 96 Classic wazibonakalisa ohlangothini ezinhle. Kukhona umthamo high nokunemba isibhamu. Ngo abazingela yasendle yadalwa (kusuka ibanga 90 metres) futhi amaphiva. Ezisetshenzisiwe 13 amalutshwana kusiya ichashazi "Kon Point."

Ngokuqondene nemibi, kuba omunye kuphela futhi awuwona yini ongelutho. Kuyinto lokususa in a iraba ipuleti emuva lapho damps no- kahle enganele. abazingeli Professional, futhi ochwepheshe bathi le "omnivorous" isibhamu. Ezenye asetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlamvu babe banengi okwedlula ezinhle. Ngokuvamile singasho ukuthi "Mannlicher" - isibhamu ukuzingela, okuyinto ilungele ukuzingelwa Russian. Carabiner ukukhanya, isikhathi eside futhi ukhululekile, kodwa nge impendulo zibe nezinzwa ezibukhali. Kodwa lokhu ethile uyeka ephawula ngemuva isibhamu ambalwa.

sokuzingela Austria "Mannlicher": intengo izikhali

Yiqiniso, ukuthola amaphethini ukuthengiswa 1895 noma 1886 ukukhululwa engenakwenzeka. Kuyinto Antique yangempela, futhi ukuthi uma ungakwazi ukuthenga it for isizumbulu kakhulu imali. Kodwa inkampani "Steyr" ngempumelelo ukhiqiza isikhali yayo namuhla. Izibhamu ezisetshenziswa abazingeli emhlabeni wonke, amasevisi imfihlo futhi amabutho ahlomile. Nokho, i-umuntu ovamile kuyabiza.

Ngokwesibonelo, 300VM carbine CM12 izobiza ruble ayizigidi 200-220. In ukubuya, uthola izinga umkhiqizo eliphezulu kakhulu nge esitolo ku imizuliswano 3. A embhedeni wenza ziyadliwa grade 4th (ephezulu amandla), okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza asebenzayo, futhi pad iraba ukufinyela. Ezingaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu ukhetho isabelomali - SBS 96 ProHunter. Lokhu carbine izobiza ruble ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 170. Ukuze nokunciphisa umthelela eziyinkimbinkimbi design esetshenziswa backplate. Kukhona umamukeli, ukuvumela ukufaka yokukhanya isibhamu. Ngokuvamile, ukubala on izindleko ruble 150 kuya kwezingu-250. Believe me, lokhu ngempela ngentengo ephansi ngoba "Mannlicher". Rifle kabani intengo angaba phezulu, high kakhulu futhi enhle ukubukeka.

Ukusebenzisa East

Njengoba sekushiwo kancane ngenhla, "Mannlicher" eyayisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke. Hhayi okuhlukile futhi i-Imperial Russian Army. Ngemva ukushintsha control kwezinhloko zamaviyo Russian ezinqabeni ePort Arthur, njengoba Trophies ye Qing ibutho, ngikutholile inqwaba ngezibhamu Mannlicher 1886 ngonyaka isampula. Ngaphansi kwalezi esetshenziswa igobolondo nge powder black, futhi isango okulungile, njengoba kwezinye ngezibhamu kahle leyo minyaka.

Ngo-1904, iphrojekthi okuthiwa Artisanal isibhamu waqalwa. essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi uhlaka lokhuni zase zihleliwe ukuba 5-8 ngezibhamu Mannlicher ayesetshenziselwa nomlilo ngesikhathi volley isitha. Lolu hlelo wabizwa ngokuthi "Shmetillo 'behlonipha umdali.

Insabule kuya sokuzingela

Izinga esetshenziswa tesachnym blade insabule. Inzuzo Its main isisindo ongaphakeme - 280 amagremu. Kulokhu ubude babuyizingalo cishe ngo-260 mm kanye nekhono Ukungena kuphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba sibonise isitha aphume isinyathelo ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Futhi uzinake ukuthi insabule ukuba Mannlicher sokuzingela ukuthi ezigugile futhi efakwe kuphela lapho kudingeka ukulwa eduze.

Kakhulu insabule lula, isibhamu nokwethenjelwa, izinga layo eliphezulu lomlilo umthamo elimazayo - zonke lezi zinzuzo uholé yokuthi "Mauser" ayenziwa phakathi nempi lula kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu ezilula, ngo-1916, bamukela steel Austro-Hungarian babenikeza leyo ngezibhamu. Ngokwengxenye enkulu lokhu kwakubangelwa yokuthi eJalimane onemali ezidingekayo ukuze ukukhiqizwa kwezikhali kanye angabakhulula kuyo eziningi amasosha azihlanganisa. "Manliherovtsy" bebelokhu ethandwa isikhathi eside impela, ngaphezu, isibhamu enjalo walithanda izikhulu kanye ngempumelelo abayisebenzisa phakathi Second neMpi Yezwe.