Sonata - iwumkhiqizo? Sonatas of Mozart, Beethoven, uHaydn

Kusukela iphuzu abavamile umbono yomuntu yesimanje, a sonata - kuba indiza lula futhi okudala ukucabanga ngezinto ezingokomoya, benamandla i amanothi emangalisayo enhle, ukwakha melody ngomusa futhi ikuvumela ukuba ujabulele umsindo okumangalisayo. Naphezu play onokuqonda ucezu umculo, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele uphiko lobuchwepheshe senqubo yokudalwa.

Izinyathelo Zokuqala wezinsimbi esikoleni. Uyini sonata for upiyano kanye nezinye izinsimbi zomculo?

Sonata - kuwuhlobo uhlobo classical umculo wezinsimbi. Lo msebenzi inezingxenye eziningana, okungezona umfaniswano Ukwakheka kwabo. Isici esiphawulekayo ngale misebenzi itholakala lokuthi ukuthi yonke ingxenye umsindo kwabo ngabanye ngokuphelele, kodwa incazelo evamile iyagcinwa kulo iyiphi ingxenye umsindo.

Leli fomu yokukhuluma likhona kuphela umculo wezinsimbi futhi concertos. The main lolwehlukanisa zonke lezi zinhlobo play injongo umculo:

• Sonata - kuyinto umculo zakudala wezinsimbi eyenziwa elilodwa noma amabili zomculo.
• Symphony kulotshelwe umculo wezinsimbi owawuhlanganisa iqembu.
• Ikhonsathi limelela ukubulawa umsebenzi zomculo umculi kuphela.

Sonata: cabanga enkulu okuyingxenye

Ukuqala ucezu umculo emelelwa play asebenzayo futhi fast umculo izikolo. Ngo umculo izikole kubhekiselwa kuye ngokuthi "ukuchayeka". Umbhali ukhululekile ukuba kudluliselwe ukuchayeka njengendlela mkhuba emhlabeni, futhi esimweni saso yangaphakathi. Kuyinto lokhu kuyingxenye yomsebenzi kubonisa isibalo esiphezulu uhlobo engqondo ngokuhlanganyela ubunjalo ziyaphikisana futhi recalcitrance ethonyeni zangaphandle.

Uhluke yingxenye sonata yesibili - "intuthuko". Uma umsuka umculo livela Motifs fast and okungafani, ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo namanothi kakhudlwana futhi ezolile umsindo wakhe. Lapha, njengoba umthetho, umqambi Uzindla imizwa yakhe, abese engibuza imibuzo ephathelene, uzama ukuthola ikhambi lale nkinga. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi izingcezu umculo kukhona ukudla kakhulu ngokwesayensi kuveza zefilosofi.

Sesithathu nesokugcina ingxenye, ngokuthi "recapitulation" wabe isikhundla esebenzayo. Njengomthetho, a Reprise ivumela isilaleli ukujabulela umsindo ngesikhathi samaholide, ukudlala futhi kwamagama namanothi. Ngomzuzu wokugcina umculo ithalente ephelezelwa ijubane Akumangalisi obunobunye futhi ngokushesha.

Imfihlo ukububula umqambi ukwazi ukuveza imizwa Sonata kuphela

Isiqalo nesigcino okungenhla umculo ucezu akha wathi umfundi ngamunye ukuthi Sonata - akuyona nje iqoqo amanothi, mnandi ukulalela. Cha! Le ndiza elimangalisayo elivulekele umqambi wacabanga ukuthi lapho kudalwa wobungcweti ubekade ungajabule phezu isinqumo kunempikiswano ebalulekile, sisesimweni zenjabulo noma enchanting ukudabuka okujulile. Yingakho Sonatas eminyakeni eminingi ebhalwe edlule, namanje akalilahlile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo emhlabeni bobuchule ukuheha ubuhle umsindo ongavamile.

Phakathi ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu zomlando wesizwe sethu hhayi kuphela, kodwa lwesintu lulonke umphakathi, indalo knowable Geniuses zomculo. I izingoma abalobi ezidumile kukhona njalo kubalulekile ukuze nokuhlinzekwa eyinhloko umculo imfundo. It Sonatas abalobi enkulu, labekhuluma ngalo lizoqhubeka, benzela ukunika isibonelo sokuthuthukisa ukunambitheka zomculo, ukuhlakulela ubuhle okungokomoya nokuphishekela ekahle.

Pathetique Sonata: kanjani ukuze bajabule wena

Omunye imisebenzi yokuqala ziwujwayele abafundi ezikoleni umculo, kuyinto sonata edabukisayo Beethoven. Musical wobuciko wadalwa 1798, emhlabeni umculo lochwepheshe kangcono esaziwa ngokuthi i- "ezidabukisayo Sonata Iningi".

Igama lakho lokuqala waqamba ngumlobi Beethoven. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi igama lesiGreki "bokubanga" lisho ukuthi "iyokhushulwa, isimo eziphakeme." Yingakho, uma umphefumulo wenu ngokuzumayo ehlaselwa ukudabuka, akudingeki kuphela achithe imizuzu embalwa kokulalela sonata omkhulu umqambi omkhulu namanothi engakhi umoya nishaye.

Beethoven sonata umsindo kulo lonke izingxenye ezintathu ezahlukene ukwelelesa buhle. ingxenye ngayinye isebenza umsindo ekhethekile, ezethula ngokuthi umuntu, ngokungafani nanoma iyiphi enye Ukwakheka, kodwa izwi elazwakala alibazuzisanga, umqondo owodwa namanothi kombhali.

Ngisho abantu besikhathi ukuqaphela Sonata omunye kwakwakhiwa kakhulu umlando umculo wokwenza, ngenkathi kucatshangelwa engavamile imvelo esikhathini zokuphila Beethoven sika.

Mozart - skripochnyh virtuoso Wezindaba

Mozart sonata namuhla eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke cishe wonke umuntu kwezakhamuzi zawo. Ngenxa kalula ngokuhlanganisa umsindo futhi okungavamile lilt umculo yalesi umqambi athandwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

kuqala dalo umbhali wakhe osemusha uye wadala eminyakeni 6. Futhi mina ngokwami ngizoqhubeka ukunikeza zobuciko umculo 1788. Sekukonke, lowo oye wakwazi ukudala ezingaphezu kwezingu-30 yobuciko yakhiqizwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa i-violin.

Wehlela emlandweni njengoba genius ezilula, bakwazi ukwakha futhi uhlanganise umculo like icula entwasahlobo suku. Isitayela "ingxoxo zomculo" ingenye wayemthanda kakhulu futhi emuhle.

Fancy ukudala indalo zomculo

Sonatas Mozart zalotshwa "kunjengokungathi phakathi izikhathi" - ukuthi umqambi wabhala kuyise. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi kokunikeza uthando okhethekile i-violin, Mozart ayethanda ukudala izingoma zomculo emangalisayo lihambisana namanye zomculo.

umsebenzi ngamunye lidlulisela isimo Mozart. Kungenxa zendalo zomculo eqoqwe umbono unimaginably acacile izenzakalo abanolwazi. Ngokuvamile umculo ishidi zingatholakala ku isipiliyoni yokuxhumana nalo noma lowo muntu. Futhi-ke, into eyinhloko ugqozi umculo okuxhaphaza uthando Aloysia Weber.

Umculo ekuqondeni Mozart

Ukuqala umsebenzi zomculo kusekelwe umqondo yokuloba Sonatas ekhaya amakhonsathi. passion okubalulekile imisebenzi kaMozart owabangelwa abameleli Army. Isifiso obuqand ukushicilelwa ngokushesha imisebenzi zomculo kule ezifihliwe umsindo kalula. Amaqoqo zase Ekuqaleni ngenjongo azidayisayo zisheshe zithengwe.

Esikhathini ukuqonda Sonata kaMozart - kuyinto indiza lula futhi okudala ukucabanga umqambi, hhayi ukuthi wazibiza ngenhloko yaphumelela, futhi kusengathi bakhohliwe ukuthi ukugxekwa kusukela ngaphandle.

Kungakhathaliseki inani ukuhlukahluka ayengekho umkhiqizo, amanothi sokugcina njalo libhekene ngobudlabha eziwubukhazikhazi. Ephetha zikhathi namanothi kwenza isilaleli ukukhohlwa ngalokho okwakujabulisa ngayo ukulalela. Kungakhathaliseki umcimbi kungazwakala emsebenzini, umqambi wazama ukubonisa "enesiphetho esijabulisayo."

Okuncane uHaydn

Uma ufisa ugxumela ulwandle imicimbi fabulous, uHaydn Sonatas ukulingana alikwazanga kangcono lokhu. Ngamunye inothi umsebenzi zomculo umqambi isitshela isenzo iqhawe.

Bambalwa Abadali zomhlaba umculo ukwazi ukuthi uHaydn sikhathi sinye Mozart futhi zigcinwe ubungane omkhulu nabo. Indalo Musical nombhali Austrian ngijabulisa kokuzwa Ongoti abaningi umculo esihle kuze kube yilolu suku.

A isitayela iyatholakala iphele ngamunye Sonata, kuyinto ezisuke zithandwa ngaleso Austria, cishe akuzange kushintshe okuqukethwe yayo yasekuqaleni. Ngokwesibonelo, Sonata "E ezincane" ihlukile ngokwenama, jocularity, buhle ukuphi. Umzwilili lokhu umkhiqizo kuhloswe ukuba kukhanye futhi ukumangala nxazonke. Ngiphethe amahlaya unika obugagu okukhulu.

"Tales" by uHaydn

Uhlobo ngalunye kwezingu-inhlanganisela ka zomculo zomculo indaba izimpilo ezahlukene. Kuyamangalisa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ulalele futhi ukusebenza ekhanda bebodwa kuphakama izindaba, izithombe, izenzo izimisele akhiwa. Lezi Sonatas ngu uHaydn futhi ukuthatha isilaleli.

Kuze kube namuhla, akekho professional umculo izwe akakwazi ukuba adlulisele indaba yakhe novalo yokuthi usinikeza Haydn. Ingxenye yokuqala ye-Sonatas - inhlanganisela ziyangqubuzana imiculo okungafani. Mid presents lilt namanothi lonwabu. Njengomthetho, kule ngxenye imisebenzi wezwa edabukisayo, inothi wistful. Futhi ekupheleni isilaleli bangazizwa isabelo amahlaya, buhle uzizwa umoya wokuphila.

Kunengqondo, kuphela Sonata ... Cha, iwindi ku kwelinye izwe, kokunye ukuphila, kwenye ngokoqobo, ukuthi iziphi izingcingo ukhululeke!