State Museum of Architecture. Shchusev: hambo, amanani, amathikithi

Shchusev State Museum of Architecture eMoscow - Museum wokuqala emhlabeni zezikhonzi efanayo. Uyini umlando kulesi sikhungo eyingqayizivele? Iziphi izinto ezithakazelisayo ungabona kuye? Funda ngayo kamuva kuyi lesi sihloko.

isisekelo Umlando Museum

Umqondo ukudala into ethi ayifane naleyo yayichichima ekupheleni kwekhulu XIX, lapho Muscovites waqala sibheke entsha ngesikhathi ifa zomlando, amasiko futhi yokwakha umuzi. Nokho, ukuqaphela leli cebo enkulu ekuphileni kuphela ngo-1934, futhi lapho Museum yasungulwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke esasungulwa Academy of Architecture-USSR. Iningi ziphephile ke ukuvalelwa lombhishobhi we Donskoi Monastery.

Kodwa kwabe sekufika u ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, ekupheleni okuyinto, ngo-Okthoba 1945, Museum ithole lokuzalwa yayo yesibili. Umqalisi futhi umqondisi lokuqala yayo nje baba Aleksey Viktorovich Schusev. Kodwa useneminyaka imigomo okuhluke kakhulu wabona Museum esizayo. Ngokubona kwakhe, kwakufanele popularize ulwazi yezakhiwo kanye nesipiliyoni. Lokho, isikhungo akumelwe akhonze ochwepheshe njengoba ngabanye, kodwa kunalokho anhlobonhlobo abantu abavamile.

Nokho, i-Museum of Architecture. Shchusev kuba isisekelo ucwaningo enamandla. By endleleni, igama wathola ngo-1949, ngemva nje kokushona umakhi elikhulu. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, eminyakeni engu-60, lo mbukiso phezu Insimu Donskoy Monastery yaba igatsha Museum, esemgwaqweni ku Vozdvizhenka Manor talyzinykh.

Ngokuwa eU.SSR Museum of Architecture. Shchusev usuqalile ukuzwa noma ukubona hhayi izikhathi ezingcono. Futhi eziningi izinkinga ezibhekene sikhungo ngo-90s zakuqala, baye ingakasombululeki kuze kube manje. Ngakho, ensimini Donskoy Monastery waphindiselwa Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, futhi emnyuziyamu iqoqo elikhulu akunakwenzeka ngokwenyama ukubeka egunjini Vozdvizhenka. Sekuyisikhathi eside Ngaphandle isakhiwo eyinhloko izikhungo kwaba abadinga ukulungiswa ezinkulu.

Noma kunjalo, abasebenzi Museum ekholelwa ngempela ukuthi sekuseduze zonke izinkinga ziyoxazululwa, ngakho uyaqhubeka ukuba ngenkuthalo futhi kube nezithelo.

Imibukiso nemisebenzi emikhulu

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev ukusebenza namuhla nezimpi eziningana. okungukuthi:

• imisebenzi yesayensi nocwaningo;
• lokuqoqa zobuciko;
• iqhaza emisebenzini sokubuyiselwa ;
• inhlangano nokucacisa kanye nemibukiso;
• umsebenzi uhambo.

Maye, embukisweni main, ababebalelwa izindawo isitoreji abangaphezu kwesigidi, namuhla kodwa angasebenzi ngenxa yokuntuleka isikhala. Museum ngenkuthalo olwenziwa nemibukiso eyesikhashana. Izivakashi ikakhulukazi uthanda ephikweni "Ukuchitha", okuyinto njalo uhlela nemibukiso ezithakazelisayo.

abantu abahlukahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa ephethwe Museum of Architecture. Shchusev. Umqondisi we isikhungo kusukela ngo-2010, ikhandidethi bokwakha Irina Korobina, kuyinto ngenkuthalo bazibandakanye ekuphileni kwakhe nokuthuthukiswa.

Alexey Shchusev - ungubani?

Shchusev Museum of Architecture yaqanjwa umqondisi walo wokuqala futhi umakhi abavelele. U-Aleksey Viktorovich Schusev (1873-1949) - umakhi abanamakhono futhi iMoldavian Soviet, wathola ezine Stalin Imiklomelo (omunye wabo - kwakhe). Wazalelwa e Chisinau. Kuyo yonke le minyaka 1891-1897 wafundiswa Petersburg ngesikhathi Imperial Academy of Arts. othisha akhe angamalangabi IIya Repin futhi Leontiy benua.

Eminyakeni yokuqala Shchusev kanye abavubukuli wavakashela Samarkand futhi ukuhlola ezikhangayo wendawo yonke indawo yedolobha lasendulo. Lolu hambo washaywa umklami Ngokuzayo washiya uphawu wonke umsebenzi wakhe esikhathini esizayo.

Umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu wokuqala kwaba ukuvuselelwa kwethempeli elisencwadini yasendulo XII leminyaka emzini Ukrainian Ovruch. Umakhi ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe uye wasebenza ezahlukene izitayela (yesimanje, constructivism, Art Deco) bese udala eziningi izakhiwo amahle ezingxenyeni ezahlukene ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Phakathi amaphrojekthi wakhe obaluleke kakhulu ithempeli emzaneni Natalevka (Ukraine), Kazansky sesitimela e Moscow, V. I. Lenina Mausoleum, isakhiwo yaseshashalazini e Tashkent, eMoscow metro station "kuyi-Komsomolskaya-Ring" nabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Shchusev yasungula amaphrojekthi sokubuyiselwa abhidlizwa ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili edolobheni - Chisinau, Tuapse, Veliky Novgorod.

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev izinkulumo

Museum njalo uhlelela izinkulumo, abachitha ochwepheshe umhlabeleli emkhakheni izindaba yezakhiwo. Lomfundisi ngesikhathi Shchusev Museum yasungulwa ngo-1934 futhi uye wasebenza ngisho phakathi nempi.

Namuhla, leli hholo ahlomele ukusebenza ngendlela Iphiko Museum, ngokuthi "Ukuchitha". He is ukwazi ukwamukela amakhulu ezivakashi. Izinkulumo zingatholakala ngokuningiliziwe nge omunye izitayela lathumela noma uhlole embuzweni othize ngokuphathelene izakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Museum of Architecture. Shchusev ihlangana njalo nge abaklami bodumo, kokubili Russian angaphandle.

Wonke umuntu ekhetha yena ifomethi oyifunayo ukuvakashelwa: noma kuzoba wesikhathi esisodwa ukuvakashelwa, noma ungakwazi ukuthenga ukubhalisa uma ufuna ukuyofunda khona egcwele izinkulumo. Bonke aphethwe isikhathi esilungele izivakashi: at 19:00 ngezinsuku zeviki, futhi ngezimpelasonto, at 16:00. Ukuze ukhethe izifundo ezifanele ezinkulumo, kanye ukuthola izindleko zawo kungaba kwi website esemthethweni ye-Museum.

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev: Uhambo

Museum futhi bakulungele ukunikeza zonke comers hambo lwabo. Futhi kungaba into uhambo ngaphakathi kanye ngaphandle - emigwaqweni nasezigcawini komuzi. Ububanzi ezihlinzekwa ezinsizakalweni ezifana sikhulela njalo.

Museum, njengoba umthetho, uqhuba izinkambo eMoscow ngempelasonto. Amathikithi nibaluleke ruble 300 (i izigaba elibusisekile izakhamuzi - ruble 150).

Namuhla kuyinto ethandwa kakhulu kukhona izinkambo elandelayo thematic:

• "Isigaba sokuqala sale Esiteshini eMoscow."
• "Isitayela yezakhiwo komuzi."
• "Avant-garde ku ezizungezile we Arbat" nabanye.

Ukuvakashela Museum: amanani namathikithi

Museum of Architecture. Shchusev kungenziwa avakashelwe: Vozdvizhenka emgwaqweni, indlu 5 (yangaphambili izindlu talyzinykh). Yenza uhambo kulesi sikhungo emangalisayo kungaba nsuku zonke (ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko) kusukela 11:00 kuya 20:00. Ukuze singene umtapo ucwaningo noma umnyango ingobo yomlando kufanele kube pre-ukurekhoda.

Ithikithi yokungena Museum kubiza ruble 250. Ukuze imikhakha ethile yezakhamuzi izaphulelo. Lezi zihlanganisa abafundi kanye nabahola impesheni, abangakwazi ithikithi ruble 100 nje. Kodwa izingane nabafundi, abafundi amakhono yezakhiwo, kanye entry imahhala abasebenzi eminyuziyamu yaseRussia.

Futhi in the Museum ungavakashela omunye izinkulumo ezinikezwa. Izokubiza ruble 200. Ungakwazi oda futhi bacedzela ngalokucwebe tifundvo tabo ezinkulumo ezicacisiwe. Lokhu okubhaliselwe izobiza engama-ruble angu-900 1800.

Ngo Izibuyekezo eziningi izivakashi ngesikhathi Shchusev Museum ukusebenza abanekhono kakhulu futhi ezimnandi abasebenzi tour iziqondiso. Ngakho ngokuvakashela ke nakanjani kuzoletha imizwelo eyakhayo kuphela.

Melnikov indlu

Have kulesi sikhungo igatsha ukwazi. Lokhu okuthiwa House Museum Melnikova, elalinikezelwe ukuphila nomsebenzi wezakhiwo eMoscow Viktor Melnikov. Kuyinto endlini umndeni wezakhiwo - endlini eyakhelwe ku eko we-avant-garde isitayela eyingqayizivele nomklamo walo. It yakhiwa ezimbili amasilinda eziphakeme ezahlukene, okuyinto kancane esishunyekiwe ku komunye nomunye. Lena sezakhiwo engavamile kakhulu lonke eMoscow.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Melnikov House yasungulwa ngo 2014. Nokho, ngaphambili maqondana labakhi kwenziwe ukulwa isikhathi eside somthetho phakathi isimo futhi izindlalifa umakhi. Selilonke Wafinyelela ehlobo lika-2014, lapho indlalifa yowesifazane nomzukulu Viktora Melnikova base bevala umgwaqo ngokwabo isakhiwo.

Ekuphetheni

Abahlukile abazalwa State Museum of Architecture. Shchusev, eyasungulwa ngo-1934, futhi namuhla ikhanga izivakashi eziningi. Izivakashi yenhloko-dolobha Russian kufanele nakanjani usivakashele. Lapha, abathandi izakhiwo kanye umlando uzothola izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo!