Sukhodrev Viktor Mikhailovich - umhumushi siqu Nikity Hruschova futhi leonid uBrezhnev Biography

Kuphephile futhi ngaphandle ihaba kakhulu bathi Sukhodrev Viktor Mikhailovich emhlabeni abahumushi banamuhla kubhekwa yetinsita eziphilayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, yena waba umhumushi womuntu enjalo ubuntu yisakhiwo sodumo kweSoviet Union, Gorbachev, uBrezhnev, Kosygin, Khrushchev. Cishe mathathu uye imisebenzi yakhe professional, yilabo abakhona eduze ubuholi wezwe on kuvalwe emihlanganweni yamazwe omhlaba kanye nezingxoxo ukuthi anqume isiphetho ezweni.

Ebuntwaneni Nomkhaya

Little Victor wazalwa ngo-December 1932. Umndeni wakhe kunzima kakhulu ukubiza ejwayelekile futhi zingezona ezibonakalayo. I yomkhaya - Michael Lazarevic Sukhodrev, wasebenza GRU. Kuyinto cishe iminyaka engu-10 ohlala e-US, ngenkathi lapho isimo basemazweni okufika isithunywa-emthethweni. Umama - Evgenia wasebenza emkhakheni Foreign Trade, okungukuthi ku Trade Ukumelwa of Yabantu Commissariat. Ngo-1939 wamiswa unobhala omunye amagatsha kweSoviet, esemgwaqweni e-London.

uhambo Okokuqala phesheya

Lapho eneminyaka engu-6 kuphela ubudala, yena, ngokungafani ontanga kakhulu Soviet, lucky kakhulu - nonina, wakwazi ukuya phesheya, e-United Kingdom.

Siyazi ukuthi izingane zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zakulelo emkhathini entsha kusheshe futhi kube lula kakhulu kunalokho abantu abaningi abadala. Kwenzeka into efanayo nge vitya eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala - eLondon, wazenzela ngokushesha okukhulu. Cishe, umfana waba mvelo ukufunda ezinye izilimi, okuyinto ngesikhathi okwatholakala yayo nokuxhumana IsiZulu bomdabu ngqo wabonakaliswa ngokucacile kakhulu.

Little Victor, unina wayematasa sonke isikhathi emsebenzini, ubungane obuseduze kakhulu abafana ubudala bakhe, the postman bakuleyo ndawo kanye nomakhelwane. Wafunda English ngendlela engokwemvelo, ngokuba ukukhuluma kunjengoba nje ngolimi lwabo lwesibili.

Kwakuhlelwe ukuba ngemva kohambo Suhodrev Viktor Mihaylovich nonina anobuthi for yokuhlala unomphela ngo-United States, kuyise. Kodwa labo izinhlelo i- kokugqashuka Umhlaba.

Ngakho, Sukhodrev Viktor Mikhailovich, ogama biography buvezwa izenzakalo lempi ezenzeka emhlabeni esikhathini 40s of XX leminyaka, wahlala nonina UK kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi.

umhumushi Ikusasa uBrezhnev, Kosygin, Khrushchev kanye nezinye izikhulu Okokuqala Union kakade eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, eyingoduso kumasevisi incazelo ngobuholi esikoleni, elalisendaweni ngaphansi ukumelwa Soviet, futhi lapho Victor waqala ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe.

Ukufundisa izilimi zakwamanye amazwe esikoleni esiphakeme

Ngemva kwempi Viktor Mikhailovich nonina kodwa wabuyela eMoscow. Wathweswa iziqu esikoleni samabanga aphakeme bese kuthi imfundo ephakeme banquma ukubhalisela Kwabantu Ebusosheni Isikhungo Izilimi zangaphandle. Eqinisweni ezihlekisayo ukuthi indoda eyachitha konke ukuphila kwayo bekwi-okwalandela kuhumusha Russian-English kanyekanye futhi elandelanayo, ngakhetha ukufunda kwesigaba French. Kodwa lesi sinqumo has eqinisweni incazelo elula kakhulu - YaseMoscow Military Institute, kanye nabo bonke othisha bazo engcono, theorists ayikwazanga ukufundisa UVictor, iminyaka eminingi uye wafunda English umkhuba, noma yini entsha.

Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, njengomuntu omdala, Sukhodrev Viktor Mikhailovich zazazi ukuthi ngemva kuka wathola iziqu ngempumelelo we-Institute of Izilimi zangaphandle, kuba ngempela luhlaka eyigugu, wayefuna ngempela ukuba acele ku GRU. Old abangane ukuhlola uyise wambheka isiphakamiso esinjalo, kodwa ukwazi imininingwane, kushuba wokungabongi umsebenzi onjalo, Mikhail Lazarevic wabatshela ukwenqaba abukhali futhi categorical.

Umuzwa wokuqala esebenza njengomdwebi umhumushi ezingeni eliphezulu

Victor Sukhodrev - umhumushi eyaziwa ngubani, ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, ahamba ayokhonza e-Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1956. Kuyinto brilliant ngempela nombani umsebenzi ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi eSoviet Union, abantu ngaleso sikhathi eyayinecilongo ithuba lokuphila phesheya kanye nenkululeko ukuzijayeza olunye ulimi kuze kube sezingeni lokuba abanakho ezingeni elifanayo kanye izikhulumi emvelo, kwakukhona cishe akukho. Ngakho, Suhodrev Viktor Mihaylovich baba uhlobo eliyingqayizivele. Ngoba ngisho Ministry of Foreign Affairs uthanda abahumushi, izilimi ezimbili kakhulu ezingavamile, insizwa nje zikhonjwe abahumushi siqu ukuze abaphathi abaphezulu yezwe.

Ngosuku lwakhe lokuqala ukusebenza Sukhodrev Khrushchev wathunyelwa ukuba ahambe naye umhlangano lolungakahleleki nommeli Indian. Nge lo msebenzi le nsizwa yingcweti kahle. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye waba eyaziwa ngokuthi umhumushi siqu Khrushchev.

Ubunzima

Khrushchev kungenziwa okuthiwa cishe inketho okubi ngoba ekuqaleni abasha umhumushi umsebenzi. Phela, wayehawukela ephethwe ezifana amagugu ngamazwi ngokuthi "incumbe" futhi "Sizokwenza yokungcwaba wena", okuyinto kamuva waziwa emhlabeni wonke. Inkulumo enjalo wedwa akhuze iyashesha lwalo kanye nezinye mnandi futhi bayabukana sengathi bafuna ukuhleka nge lula. Kodwa amazwi anjengokuthi, ezidinga lithathelwe ngokushesha futhi translation ukuze nencazelo yabo Kwakusobala bezinye izizwe, noma iyiphi umhumushi kungaletha ukuba ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Sukhodrev banesiphiwo esingokwemvelo ngokushesha futhi ngendlela efanele ukuze athole indlela yokuphuma salezi zimo.

Maqondana nalolu ikhono le nsizwa ingenye onobhala leKomiti Central, Frol Kozlov, owake wathi Viktor asilokothi sesabe ukuya emihlanganweni ahlukahlukene kanye nemicimbi, ngoba uma uthi into stupid, kuba njalo lifanele impela lesifanele.

izimfanelo ezingavamile eziye zaba Sukhodrev esisemqoka

Victor M. kungabonwa isethi izithombe athumba ebalulekile ngempela emlandweni umhlangano ubuholi Soviet sika nge amakhanda uthi ahlukahlukene. Kuphephile yini ukuthi le ndoda kwadingeka siqala nesizotha, kodwa namanje nomthelela inkambo yomlando. Kakhulu ikhono ukuthola ilungelo umhumushi okulingana ngomlomo inkulumo ethile, wathi ngezilimi ezahlukene, kuye yini umbono sesakhiwe ukukhuluma. Futhi Sukhodrev lolungenamaphutsa abhekana ngayo lo msebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngemva kokuvakasha lokuqala Khrushchev e-United States ngo-1959, Nikita Sergeyevich walithanda izinkulungwane abavamile baseMelika. Ukuze bathi inkulumo yakhe isiZulu kwaguqulwa futhi elihunyushwe Sukhodrev Yiqiniso, kungaba engadingekile.

Kodwa ukuze ube Umhumushi waleli ezidlula, ezikhathini Soviet, emakhono elulwimi ephelele babe enganele. umuzwa wangaphakathi sekhono lokungacunuli, ulwazi nefa esiphelele nenhlonipho ibhizinisi, siziqonde ngokuphelele isimo sezombangazwe international - uhlu ubuye kude uhlu oluphelele yini eye yasiza Viktor Mikhailovich faka nomlando wokuhumusha. Ngokusho imithetho, kwakufanele bonyana enze libe phakathi esiphezulu 1 imitha kude umuntu naye bekumele ngisebenze njengevolontiya umhumushi. Nokho, kungaba engabonakali ngempela, indoda ongabonakali, ngubani, ngoba zonke ukubaluleka kwalo alizange amehlo kakhulu futhi cha thikazisa ubuso main lesikhulumi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izingxoxo ngokuningi noma zokugcina baqhubeka umhlangano ngokwethukela, umhumushi kumelwe njalo kuqoqwe futhi bagxila kakhulu, futhi Sukhodrev uhlale kungenzeka. Waqaphela ukuthi umhumushi - umuntu umane alinalo ilungelo isikhathi ukuze uphumule futhi wenze iphutha, ngoba wavuma ngokungaqondi ezingeni baMazwe ukukulungisa ngesinye isikhathi kunzima kakhulu.

Ziyinkimbinkimbi Technical ezilandelanayo Ukuhumusha

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Sukhodrev kwadingeka ukuhumusha izinkulumo kanye nemihlangano ngezihloko ezahlukene ngokuphelele. Futhi ukuze ukuqhuba ingxoxo ngendlela efanele, isibonelo, ka sezikhali zenuzi, omunye akumelwe nje bagcine ngokufuna ukwazi ukuhumusha lobuchwepheshe imigomo, kodwa kwakufanele baqonde okushiwo isihloko, okuyinto abakushoyo. Ukwazi ukuthi isuke emhlanganweni nge efanayo indaba ephathwayo, uVictor njalo uzilungiselele ngokucophelela futhi wafunda ingxenye obucayi kakhulu izinhlelo missile ukuzivikela, noma, ukuthi, izingalo okuhlaselayo zamasu. Sekuthanda yokuthi ongenambangi ukuthi ekukhuleni ngokwengqondo, ekwazi ukuba aqonde lezi ubuqili, kwaba kuhle ngenhla avareji.

Umlando, okuyinto eyaba ethengwa kakhulu

Uma lokho okushiwo umuntu ohumushela ethandwa kakhulu izindawo zaseSoviet Union umhlalaphansi wanquma ukuhlanganyela nakho kwakhe okukhulu, okungase kube ozakwabo ewusizo nje kuphela kodwa futhi indoda elula emgwaqweni. incwadi (Umlando), eyabhalwa lapho ededelwa ngo-1999 ngaphansi kwegama "Ulimi lwami -. umngane wami" Lavele laba iyona ndawo ethengwa kakhulu, ngoba nabo labo akazange abe inzalo oqokiwe ukudluliselwa emaphuzwini angekho obala, kwaba ezithakazelisayo ukufunda izinkumbulo womuntu, ihlombe nehlombe iminyaka eminingi uye wasebenza ezinjalo abantu oluvelele efana uBrezhnev, Khrushchev, Kosygin, futhi obani ababenomthwalo khona imihlangano nge uMargaret Thatcher, uJohn F. Kennedy, M. Ali,-Indira Gandhi.

Ngisho esathatha umhlalaphansi, bese uyahamba okuqondene izindaba ezithinta isizwe, Sukhodrev akuvumeli kwenkululeko ukunikeza noma yimuphi ukuhlolwa zezombusazwe izenzakalo lapho kwakudingeka khona abasebenzi bezempilo besemsebenzini. Encwadini yakhe ethi, abelana kuphela amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo futhi uchaza imikhuba ezahlukene, ubuthakathaka kanye izici abanegunya.

Ukuzilibazisa Viktor Mikhailovich

Njenganoma yimuphi umuntu aphakeme, Sukhodrev kwadingeka ezokuzilibazisa - konke ukuphila kwakhe uqoqe amaphayiphi ukubhema. Okuqakathekileko yokuthi zonke nemibukiso eqoqweni akhe ngempela ukusebenza, onobuhle amancane ngalendoda ngangingenasithakazelo. Wayeziqhenya ngokuba kakhulu kuzo ngemibhobho, eyayibonakala Yaduma Petersburg master Fedorov. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ziphephile zayo Sukhodrev wazizwa tube wenza edumile emhlabeni wonke ngo-Dunhill, yena emhlanganweni oyinika uHarold Wilson - UNdunankulu Enkulu YaseBrithani.

Ngaphezu lokuqoqa le ndoda amashubhu njalo bakhangwa ukufunda. Kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe, uViktor Mikhailovich wachitha eNgilandi, ngisho esemncane, waba nethuba ukufunda imisebenzi yokuqala uShakespeare, Dickens, u-Arthur Conan Doyle. Ekubeni umuntu omdala, Sukhodrev waqala umkhuba, wokuzilibazisa - lapho banikelwe isikhathi esinengi soku khulula, ethanda ukuba afunde iBhayibheli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Viktor Mikhailovich wathatha ezimbili izinguqulo incwadi ngesiRashiya nesiNgisi. Ukufunda emgqeni iBhayibheli, wazama ngokwengqondo ukwenza ngokushesha ukuhumusha zonke izinkulumo, futhi uma zikhona izinkinga, livula ukhetho lwesibili futhi luhlola wokuhumusha. Sukhodrev a lifetime isibonelo esiphelele translation eliphezulu kubhekwa iBhayibheli ngokuthi incwadi lahunyushelwa kuzo zonke izilimi zomhlaba, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo incazelo yalo awuzange elahlekile.

Sukhodrev Viktor Mikhailovich: uthando ukuphila

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, izikhathi indoda amathathu, eseshadile ngokusemthethweni. Umkakhe wokuqala isibe owesifazane omuhle, actress abadumile Soviet Inna Kmit. Ukukhumbula lezi ubudlelwano Sukhodrev wake wathi yena Ina sashada yobudala sasivumela abasha, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwemibono ukuvela, lo mbhangqwana behlukana.

Unkosikazi Victor yesibili baba Inga Suhodrev, okwathi kwaba maqondana ebhayisikobho. Yayiyindodakazi ka actress T. Okunev. Inga wasebenza njengomfundisi weZwi ngolimi lwesiNgisi kanye emshadweni odlule noDavide Lipnitsky yena wayevele indodana, u-Alexander. Sukhodrev yokutholwa umfana kanye ukuphila kwakhe konke ngelakhe njengoba nje nendodana bomdabu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umshado bahlukana ne-Ina iminyaka 7 ngemva kokuba luqalile ukuphila ndawonye.

I okungenani eyaziwayo umfazi wesithathu futhi lokugcina Viktor Mikhailovich. Kukhona ulwazi kuphela mayelana lokuthi esikhathini esidlule wayengumhlali uthisha esiNgisi. Ngesikhathi ekuqaleni Viktor Mikhailovich kuhlalisana nowesifazane yayisivele umhlalaphansi.

Ukufa induna umhumushi Soviet

Le ndoda, eyayinecilongo ithuba lokuphila ukuphila ezithakazelisayo ngempela futhi engavamile, wafa eneminyaka engu-82. On kokufa 16 Meyi 2014 nabezindaba kubika indodana yakhe yokutholwa, u-Alexander. Sukhodrev Viktor Mikhailovich, imbangela okuyinto ukufa umphakathi jikelele sika ungenziwanga yomphakathi, wembelwa emathuneni Aksininskom.