Tunguska Reserve: izithombe, oxhumana nabo, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Iplanethi yethu ihlukile siphila ke, izakhamuzi imfundo ngobubanzi - Galaxy. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, i-Milky Way kuyinto ngisho umhlaba, futhi alien ngokuphelele emhlabeni zabantu. Kuyinto isikhala bumnyama futhi buyabanda. Umuntu ngaphandle amathuluzi akhethekile e cleaner esiwugwadule akusho ukusinda, kodwa imizimba ehlukahlukene cosmic, ezifana yezinkanyezi, amaplanethi asteroyidi kanye lezinkanyezi ezinomsila endaweni yonke ngempela ethokomele. Ebumnyameni futhi kuthule itshe travel kanye amabhlogo ice, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zithuka nge umhlaba. Lezi izivakashi kakade wavakashela kule planethi yethu. Ukuvakasha kokugcina waphenduka kokufa izibankwakazi futhi ushintsho cardinal sezulu.

isivakashi waseZulwini

Cool ekuseni ehlobo ngo-1908 izakhamuzi ehlathini nemizana kubonakala etulu esibhakabhakeni elikhulu ibhola egqamile, flying ngesivinini. Khona-ke wavele wanyamalala ngemuva iziqongo izihlahla, futhi umzana ngimatasa abantu ukwenza ibhizinisi njengenjwayelo. Kodwa kamuva isigamu sehora flash aphuphuthekise wokhela nxazonke, ngemva kwesikhashana kwezwakala ukuqhuma esabekayo. Windows walahlekelwa izibuko, umhlaba wazamazama, amafu baba bomvu njengegazi. Earthlings Ngakho wamukelekile meteorite Legendary, iminonjana okuyinto etholakale endaweni emfuleni ogeleza umnyuziki Stony Tunguska. Lo mcimbi ongaqondakali namanje ekujabulisayo izingqondo abacwaningi kanye abathanda. Kungani ongaqondakali, cela engaqaliwe? Yebo, ngoba kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, kanye, futhi wentaba, okumele ingatholakala indawo crash emikhulu (by ukuqhuma) into ingakamiswa ezitholakele.

hypothesis engapheli

Ngemva ezinkulukazi ukuqhuma izazi zezinkanyezi ethulwe umthwalo. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinsuku ezimbalwa eYurophu yabukela osolisayo ukukhanya nobusuku esiliva umthunzi lwamafu emini. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi kwenzeka lesi sehlakalo, futhi izwe lethu okufanayo, injabulo kuyachichima ososayensi umphefumulo. Ngakusasa udaba oluvelele yayiyindawo yokuwa into. Kwakusobala ukuthi usesho kufanele sigcwaliswe ehlathini, kodwa kuphi? Kuyinto endaweni enkulu. Strange, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba cha, uma sikubeka imigomo yesimanje, abatshalizimali uzimisele ukudela e ucinge meteorite, noma yini besishiyile. Nakuba ososayensi yayiba imibuzo kofakazi. Kwaba ngemva kweminyaka engu-13 lahlelwa bomkhankaso ukuthi wathola sigodi ninganyukumali njengabazenzisi; yiyo eshayeka kanzima ngenxa yokuqhuma emikhulu. Sithole ukuthi umzimba wasezulwini kwakubikwa kugqamuke amalangabi esikhungweni ukuphakama km 5 kuya ku-15 ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba, ezingqimbeni phakathi nomkhathi, namandla kwaba alingana detonation we-hydrogen. impumelelo Omkhulu iye yaba yokuthi kwakukhona nenhlekelele endaweni engahlali muntu okwakukhona kuyo ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho izisulu kwakungenakwenzeka ukugwema.

Imicabango ngalokho umzimba yasezulwini esiwavakashele emkhathini iplanethi yethu enkulu. Kodwa abanjalo ziyindlela eyinhloko:

• meteorite;
• inkanyezi enomsila;
• umkhumbi alien.

Le nguqulo ibe yiqiniso kakhulu kuyinto ice prishelitsa. Ngemva ukuqhuma phansi metallic inclusions atholakele ubufakazi esivuna lo mbono. Kukholakala ukuthi leli qhwa is gu emkhathini, kanti imali encane ezinye izakhi lehla ungene ebusweni iplanethi. okufushane Exotic umkhumbi alien, okuyinto yamila ngaphambi kokuba ifike phansi, futhi, unelungelo lokubekela abantu khona.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa ngokulinganayo ongaqondakali umlando omuhle ukubukwa yemvelo njalo abavakashi esiqiwini "Tunguska".

onqenqemeni Timeless

Krasnoyarsk Territory, e-Evenki Autonomous Area, endaweni eziyingqayizivele 300 000 amahektha, okuyinto ihlelwe uMbuso Yemvelo Reserve "Tunguska". amanga wayo ohlukile hhayi kuphela ubuhle bemvelo, kodwa futhi ezihambisana "meteorite" umlando, bayaluzisa ngesikhathi umhlaba wonke.

Tunguska Yemvelo Reserve kuhlanganisa cishe yindoda yomhlaba ne biocoenosis ejwayelekile, namathafa olunothile, emifuleni acwebile nasemachibini amaningi. Igama lisuselwa park emvelo omfula egobhoza komngcele oseningizimu amasayithi evikelwe. Ibizwa ngokuthi Stony Tunguska.

yesayensi

Kusukela abakhileyo emzaneni Vanarava, okuyinto etholakala eduze endaweni yengozi ubudala, wezwa amahebezi, wayebe legend we anomalies ongaziwa ngabanye nasezintweni ezazisetshenziswa kudala ebonwe eduze ukuqhuma. Found okubizwa ngokuthi oNgcwele Grail, ngelula izifo ukuphila futhi aphulukise ezingelapheki. Akukona nje kuphela Krasnoyarsk esifundeni, kodwa umhlaba wonke usashaqekile indaba yendoda owathi kwaleli bhokisi alethwe ukhokho wakhe eviyweni esizeni a meteorite. umzala wakhe wahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyikhulu wadlula umzukulu yombambiqhaza, ethi wadla waphuza lesi sitsha, ngakho isikhathi eside kangaka. Umzukulu cha kholwa phambili ngaleso sikhathi, kuze kube indodakazi yakhe ithole ingozi yemoto, esongela abanokukhubazeka impilo yakhe. Lapho eqala ukusebenzisa inkomishi, ngandlela-thile eyinqaba walulama. Ikhishwa ukuhlaziywa Spectral we "grail ongcwele 'ithola ukuthi ivelaphi ezisemkhathini.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ehlathini ehlane eduze Tunguska izihlahla ngokushesha okhulayo, kukhona ezihlukahlukene engavamile ngabo phambi wezakhi. Lesi senzakalo kuthiwa ashiwo isenzo cosmic "Umanyolo". Kunoma yikuphi, uma unikezwe umlando ongaqondakali futhi rich ezifana kule ndawo futhi ubuhle balo oluvelele zemvelo, akumangalisi ukuthi kungani abantu ufuna ukuvakashela esiqiwini imvelo "Tunguska".

ehlathini landscape

Amathafa okuphansi, zihlukaniswe emfuleni isiteshi, amagquma Isigaxa emise mesas, lafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-300 - ukuthi kuyinto landscape ingqikithi izindawo agodliwe eduze Tunguska. Iphuzu esiphezulu esiqiwini - ridge Lakursky, ukuphakama kwayo kuba 533 m Landelayo ukubeka nenhlekelele cosmic Mount Farrington, ithafa esibili aphakeme .. Phakathi amagquma elahlekile emfudlaneni Churgim ukwakha imitha eziyishumi-waterfall. Isimo sezwe endaweni ephakathi Hushmy futhi Kimchi izimbuku kakhulu.

Nenhlabathi nature park noma izimbuku podzolic, kuye ngokuthi indawo. Esikhathini nesikhathi Mesozoic, ezweni lapho manje iyisonto esiqiwini "Tunguska" ku-Krasnoyarsk esifundeni, ke wayedume umsebenzi oqinile mlilo, njengoba kufakazelwa nophenyo eziningi Geological kanye nesimo sendawo. Park Centre kuyinto enkulu, wentaba wentaba-mlilo zasendulo. Kubonakala ezihlukahlukene umsebenzi ukudla enobudlova mlilo, ezifana amatshe basaltic. Glacier, chithi iplanethi endulo, akazange ukufinyelela amasayithi evikelwe. Kodwa abandayo ezomile lwabangela okokuqandisa abalulekile kwenhlabathi.

izici zezulu

Tunguska Russia agcinele ezahlukene uhlobo sezulu yezwekazi, ngakho-ke, ukuphakama kwawo namandla awo abalulekile izinga lokushisa. I-avareji yonyaka lokushisa izinkomba imi emhlabeni 6 ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa. nokushisa okugangathayo kwasehlobo iba eyomile, nge imvula yonyaka kwezulu okuncane kakhulu. Inyanga kuphela ngesikhathi eningeke isithwathwa - kungcono Julayi. Amazinga zingaba phakathi 17 kuya ku-30 degrees Celsius. Naphezu nenkathi eyomile, ehlobo echichima imvula, okungadingi konakalisa esiqiwini imvelo ezinyangeni ezisele. Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo isikhathi ihlala izinsuku ezingu-120 ngonyaka.

Kuyinto onqenqemeni nokhahlo kodwa enhle futhi ehlukile. Nenhlabathi kukhona nqabela ikakhulu ngokujulile ngenxa esincane iqhwa, futhi khona abangaphezu kuka-250 ngezinsuku ezibandayo. Ubusika ezinzima kakhulu imimoya futhi ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu kule degrees -60. Ngezikhathi ezithile izimpi asemkhathini ukuletha umgubuzelo kweqhwa.

Izitshalo Natural Park

Bhuka "Tungussky" embozwe emahlatsini nasemahlathini, izihlahla kanye izimila zasemanzini, nemithambeka enamadwala nezimfunda, izindawo izimbuku. Central laseSiberia ehlathini flora ukwehluka kungenxa ezicashile nokuklanywa. Isikhundla park emvelo ukuthi itholakala phakathi eningizimu, Angara zikaphayini amahlathi enyakatho, esinezimila Lower Tunguska. Hybridization ezenzeka ngenxa yalesi sikhundla womhlaba, kudala izimo ehlukile ukuvela kwamaqembu amasha simila. Amahlathi, okuyinto yibona esiqiwini, yakhiwa zikaphayini hybrid futhi larch laseSiberia. Emahlathini futhi esinindolweni broadleaf birch ezivamile, Alder. Emahlathini coniferous ubuswa sonwele lemisedari. Cover siqukethe wona, ulele ngezikhathi ezithile kanye amajikijolo: cranberry futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Emaxhaphozini, ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi-cranberry nasemahlathini ezikhulayo, sedge. Emithambekeni enamadwala yokuvuthwa rosehips, Sakhalin raspberry, black currant.

Ukuze ososayensi, ezindaweni zomphakathi begazi zokungcebeleka ahlinzeke insimu ebanzi yomsebenzi: kwezinhlobo eziningi ohlwini ezisengozini, kukhona 9 zinhlobo sendawo izitshalo, izinsalela ahlukahlukene.

Lapho, ezindleleni engaziwa: a nezilwane evikelwe

Kumuntu uhambela Tunguska Reserve, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene - kuyingxenye ebalulekile ubuhle eyingqayizivele isihambi ukuvulwa. Njengoba Bathi, labo babe amehlo kodwa ukubona. Ngempela, umuntu angabona ezingaphezu kwezingu-30 zezilwane ezincelisayo kuleli paki. Hhayi ngokuzumayo futhi ngokushesha, yebo. Le nqubo lide futhi okunzima. Kodwa ukubekezela kuyovuzwa: lapha uhlala amaphiva, izinyamazane, chipmunks nonogwaja. Futhi, zikhona ezinye izinhlobo zawo muskrats, amavukuzi Altai. Ezilwaneni eziyingozi ubuswa amabhere ansundu, Sable, impisi. Izimpungushe, ochakide mink kwenzeke, kodwa njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi kuziwa vakashela i-lynx yase, aphinde abhukude abuyele Otter. ezindaweni zokungcebeleka kakhulu ugcwale izibankwa izinyoka.

Njengoba for izinyoni abahlala emthunzini nokhahlo ehlathini izihlahla, le nkinga ayiqondakali kahle. Kucatshangwa ukuthi endaweni esiqiwini kukhona abangaba ngu-100 zezinyoni, futhi loko akusho kutsi vele bazalela lezi zindawo. Izinyoni zasemanzini kuthiwa amela kwakugcobhoza nje ekusebenzelaneni amadada, Goldeneye futhi merganser. Kukhona ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, tern futhi umfula gull.

Izinyoni uwazise kule ndawo amavoti abo. Goshawk othanda ukuba bazohlala Chamba Basin. Black kite ukhetha ehlathini eliseduze Stony Tunguska. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona uheshe futhi Buzzard anolaka-ezinemilenze. Qiniseka agcinele ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana capercaillie kanye isikhova. Bhuka "Tunguska" inikeza ekhonsathini ukulalela inyoni ecula Red-futhi waxwings, bheka indiza ye-isikhova ukhozi ukhozi ukhozi noma segolide. Ezinhlotsheni ezingu-eziwubala ngaphezulu izinyoni ungacabanga iqhude, zazo ezihlukahlukene kwepaki. Izinyoni eziningi ahlelwe njengoba ezisengcupheni.

Sisters Stony Tunguska

Tunguska Reserve izithombe okuyinto ejabulisa iso, is ebuswa emifuleni. Bonke bangabangasokile nemingenela we Stony Tunguska River, e somfula okuyinto park emvelo esiyingqayizivele. Exhaphozini Chamba has whirlpools eziningi eziyingozi kanye namachibi kwemfunda. Ehlobo emfuleni angashoni. Hushma - esheshayo, entabeni emfuleni, sizungezwe amawa. Olwandle ahlukahlukene emfuleni kimchi kujule khona, echibini okumsulwa Cheko. Okunomsoco Ukudla Tungus imifula iqhwa nemvula. Zimbalwa amanzi agcwaliswa imisinga ngomshoshaphansi. Ukuze umcengezi Stony Tunguska River libhekene okusezingeni eliphezulu amanzi ivolumu kanye nqabela-up.

imizila Omkhulu

Izivakashi, eklanyelwe, imizila ezithakazelisayo nxazonke:

• 2 okuxubile: kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-12, kanye iqhaza iqembu labantu abangaba ngu-15;
• izintaba: ethandwa kakhulu, okuholela endaweni yengozi ubudala, ukuqoqwa amaqembu kufika ku-15 abantu;
• Amanzi: edolobhaneni Vanavara iqembu uya amatende izinsuku 8;
• air: endaweni ka ukuqhuma a kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, zivakashi uthuthwa indiza.

umzila Ukuhamba yakhelwe iqembu ngokuphelele uzilungiselele ngokomzimba, njengoba kudlula i-87 km kuya indawo crash. Into engcono unqobe lo mzila ngezinyanga zasehlobo.

imizila travel ezixutshiwe ehilela Rafting ezikebheni lokhuni noma kwi indawo ukuthunyelwa zabrosku ngendiza enophephela emhlane. Ukuze le mikhankaso, kumele ube nakho lokuhamba nomthwalo amanzi Alloys.

umzila Water okuhlelwe kwentwasahlobo, elihlobene ne ukudlula izikebhe ku Tunguska futhi imikhono yayo.

Helicopter umzila kuhilela kokufika emhlabathini, uhamba uhambo, ne Ukuvakashela ezintabeni, bese ubuyela iphuzu sokuhamba futhi ngomoya.

izivakashi ulwazi

Likuphi Reserve "Tunguska", oxhumana nabo - ulwazi, ikakhulukazi isithakazelo zezivakashi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi indawo, okungukuthi, kuze kube isiphetho Vanavara, engafinyelelwa kuphela emoyeni, okuyinto izimpukane katsatfu ngeliviki kusukela Krasnoyarsk.

Ukufinyelela, ungakhathazeki mayelana yokuhlala nokuxhumana: edolobhaneni sezisunguliwe ingqalasizinda yeselula yesimanje, kukhona ihhotela ezimbili kahle esimisiwe. Kukhona izitolo yesimanje kanye iIgama izikhungo.

Uma iqembu izivakashi efika, amaqabunga ekuphathweni reserve ukuhlangana nabantu esikhumulweni sezindiza. Abasebenzi friendly eliholwa umqondisi, ULyudmila Logunova, uyokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuze ukhethe umzila elikhulu futhi ukuqinisekisa induduzo izivakashi Reserve. Ucingo: +7 (39177) 2-27-59.