Udwi otshekele kwesokunxele: Izakhiwo kanye Izicelo

Carboxylic acid - biosoedineniya organic ukuthi isakhiwo molecule awo aqukethe isigcawu esisodwa noma ngaphezulu carboxyl. Ikilasi of acid carboxylic ihlanganisa isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa organic compounds aqukethe e isakhiwo sabo. Ngaphezu la maqembu, kungaba amaqembu akhona namanye obusebenzayo ukuthi ukunquma izakhiwo okuyizinto nobuntu compounds namaqembu kuphela carboxyl ku molecule acid carboxylic.

Monobasic ayegcwele carboxylic acid - amagama ahlobene of alkanes e-molecule ye, a athomu ye-hydrogen singena esikhundleni nge COOH. compounds ezinjalo ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa acid aliphatic noma okunamafutha, inombolo, kusukela ezinye zazo behlukene imikhiqizo hydrolysis amafutha.

acid Carboxylic kukhona ngokwemvelo kule khulula (isib formic - e uketshezi of izinambuzane, umchamo kanye nokujuluka izilwane, izimbabazane, kuzo izithelo ezithile nemifino), wabopha (isibonelo, ephakeme okunamafutha acid njengoba triatsilgitserolov) uthi. Ephakeme fatty acid etholwe hydrolysis kwamafutha kokungathathi hlangothi futhi amafutha. Iningi acid organic uzilungiselele izindlela zamagama organic.

Isobutyric acid ikhiqizwa ngesikhathi namachibi yotshwalo isobutyl. Ukuze namachibi isobutanol usebenzisa ane-alikhali isixazululo potassium permanganate. Ngaphansi kwezimo zelabhorathri, i-asidi kungabuye ezihlelwa namachibi of isobutyraldehyde. Ezimweni zemvelo, kuqukethwe amafutha arnica izimpande. I acid asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni amanye amakha, plasticizers ukwenziwa varnishes, emulsifiers.

homologs Okokuqala (formic acid, acetate, propionic kanye udwi otshekele kwesokunxele), ayegcwele monobasic carboxylic acid abe nephunga okubabayo, kuxutshwe kahle H2O e okungu ezahlukene. Abamele ezintathu ezilandelayo - acid nge iphunga ezingemnandi, bonke abanye - eziqinile.

Udwi otshekele kwesokunxele - ketshezi nge iphunga ezingemnandi okubabayo, amathumba at 163,5 C. Sitholakala isimo khulula (umjuluko) futhi ngesimo esters (glycerides ibhotela).

Udwi otshekele kwesokunxele: ifomula - S3N7SOON

Njengoba kwakwakhe wathi has elinye iqembu carboxyl e oyiyo, ibhekisela monobasic elihlale okunamafutha acid. Udwi otshekele kwesokunxele ikhiqizwa ngenxa ukuvutshelwa icwecwe carbohydrate embonini - the namachibi lika-n-butane noma butyraldehyde. Le asidi isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinto elimnandi, zamagama kwemithi, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma plasticizers, cellulose atsetilbutirata njll

I ongaphakeme yamangqamuzana isisindo acid nabo bangaba ngesikhathi zamagama webhaktheriya emathunjini ezinkulu. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ongaphakeme yamangqamuzana isisindo acid ukuthi kwemiqondo emathunjini, kuyinto udwi otshekele kwesokunxele. Ngokwesayensi kungase kutholakale ukuhlanganisa emkhatsini kusilela of ongaphakeme yamangqamuzana isisindo acid kanye ukuvama exacerbations nezifo colonic (izilonda emathunjini, neoplasms abulalayo). Udwi otshekele kwesokunxele - main impahla lisebenza amaseli EPITHELIAL, isekela homeostasis emathunjini. I acid ubukisa isinyathelo anti-umdlavuza futhi eqeda ukuvuvukala esithinta esesuthi, kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa ukucindezeleka oxidative.

Ukuze ekwelapheni izifo ezithize odokotela ngokusebenzisa le acid ngezinjongo zokwelapha. Wathi acid ekuqaleni busuka umzimba rectally ngoba phezu ekuphathweni temlomo gidrolizirovyvalas ngokushesha esiswini. Umthelela zokwelapha kulokhu kwaba ezincane. ochwepheshe Foreign ziye zasungula ngomthamo ifomu elisha izinto bioactive ukudliwa ngomlomo. Isakhiwo izidakamizwa kufakwe sodium butyrate kanye igobolondo polymer. Nokho, lokhu izidakamizwa has a ukusebenza kahle ongaphakeme. The best nomphumela oqabulayo etholwe amalungiselelo okuyinto zihlanganisa calcium butyrate futhi prebiotic (izindlela "Zakofalk").