Ukudluliswa kwe-CVT - kuyini? Ukudluliswa kwemoto - i-CVT

Ukuba nemoto ayanele, kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda okukuyo nokuthi kusebenza kanjani. Ngokwemvelo, akekho ofuna ulwazi olunzulu ngemigomo ye injini yangaphakathi yomlilo evela kumshayeli ojwayelekile, kodwa okungenani izinto ezilula kudingeka ziqondwe ukuze kulungiswe umshini uma kunesidingo. Ngeshwa, kukhona ukuhluleka. Futhi manje sikhuluma ngesici esisodwa esibalulekile. Ukudluliswa kwe- CVT - kuyini? Kulesi sihloko esizokhuluma ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukuthutha

Kungenxa yalezi zimiso okufanele siqale. Okokuqala, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini le divayisi imelela yonke. Bese ucabanga ukuthi i-CVT gearbox ihlelwe kanjani, ukuthi iyini, njalonjalo.

Ngakho, ukudluliselwa kuyisici esibophekile emotweni. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaphandle kwalo lonke umsebenzi we-injini eyinkimbinkimbi yangaphakathi yomlilo ngeke kuhambe kahle. Ukusebenza kokudlulisela ukuhambisa i-torque kusukela injini kuya kumavili. Eqinisweni, lokhu kuholela imoto ngokunyakaza. Ngakho-ke, njengoba ubona, ukubaluleka kwalo kunzima ukugcizelela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneminye imisebenzi, isibonelo, ukushintsha umzamo wokulandelela, isivinini, kanye nesiqondiso jikelele sokunyakaza. Ukudluliselwa kunomgudu wonke wezingxenye ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi simo, sinesithakazelo kuphela kwibhokisi legiya. Kodwa kuzoxoxwa ngokuncane kancane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi izimoto zivame ukusebenzisa i-electromechanical, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nje ukuthunyelwa kwemishini. Okungenani, lesi yisimo samanje.

I-Gearbox - iyini

Okudingayo ukuqonda ukuthi lolu hlelo luvame kuphela ngezimoto nge-ICE. Kwamanye amacala, isibonelo, for izimoto kagesi, ngeke kube khona levers. Kalula ngoba asikho isidingo esinjalo.

Ukusebenza kwebhokisi le gear kanje: injini esetshenziselwa izimoto inesilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu se-torque. Amasondo, futhi, akakwazi ukushintshela ngesivinini esifanayo. Ukusebenzisa ukudluliselwa kukuvumela ukuba ulinganise umehluko ngesivinini. I-KP nayo isiza umshayeli ukulawula ijubane lokujikeleza, ukusheshisa nokunciphisa ngesikhathi esifanele.

Kusukela kulokho okusadingeka ukuthi kuthiwa: kuze kube yimanje, ukuthunyelwa kwamakhompiyutha okuzenzakalelayo, okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokushintshashintsha kokusetshenziswa kuyasetshenziswa. Kungenxa yokuba bahlale ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukudlulisa ngesandla

Akudingekile ukuba uhlale isikhathi eside kakhulu, kodwa ezinye izinto kufanele zicaciswe. Isibonelo, isimiso somsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, iqukethe indlela eyinkimbinkimbi yezingcwecwe kanye namagesi. Yilabo abalawulwa umshayeli, beshintshe i-lever yokudlulisela, bavele bajwayele indlela yokusebenza yokusebenza. Yonke inhlanganisela yale ndlela ihluke komunye nomunye kwisilinganiso segiya, esizoxhomeka esisheshini lapho yonke imoto iqoqa khona.

Ngokuvamile, cishe zonke izimoto ezingabonwa edolobheni, uma zifakiwe futhi zisebenza, kunokuba i-CVT yokudlulisa ngokuzenzekelayo , bese kuphela indlela emithathu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzoba khona izindlela ezinhlanu zokusebenza eziyisithupha noma eziyisithupha. Yiyo emine, futhi mhlawumbe ngesivinini esisihlanu sokugibela phambili, kanye nesivinini esiseduze sokushintsha isiqondiso sokuhamba. Yile ndlela i-gearbox ye-gearbox eyi-5 idalwe ngayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi kunezibonelo ezinobhoksi ezine, futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezigaba eziyisithupha noma ngisho nesikhombisa.

Lokhu kungabizwa ngokweqile okuthile komshini wedolobha. Uma sikhuluma ngemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi, khona-ke ezimotweni azisebenzisi nhlobo.

Ukudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo

Ngokusemthethweni, noma yiliphi ibhokisi legiar elikwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza komshayeli, okungukuthi, ukufinyelela ngesivinini esidingekayo, ngokushintsha nje ukuhlanganiswa kwezingqimba, kubhekwa njengokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa ngomkhuba, ngokuvamile lokhu kugama kuphela kwezinhlelo zeplanethi ye-hydromechanical. Zivame kakhulu, futhi inkulumo ivame ukufika ngabo. Ngakho-ke, akudingekile ukucabangela ezinye izinketho.

Ingabe lokhu kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngamadivayisi we-electropneumatic ne-electromechanical. Iqiniso liwukuthi konke kusebenza kuma-elekthronikhi, okungukuthi, i-algorithm ethile yezenzo "ikhonjiswe" ku-KP ngokwayo.

Noma kunjalo, umshayeli akhishwa ngokuphelele kule nqubo - lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha. Ngakho-ke, umuntu onesondo angakhetha indlela yokusebenza kwemoto yakhe. Eqinisweni, kuxhomeke kulesi sici, ukuthi amasondo ashintsha kanjani ngokushesha nokuthi yini umkhawulo wejubane.

Ukulawula izingxenye ezinjalo, lever evamile ngokuvamile isetshenziswa. Yiqiniso, ukuqokwa kwakhe kuye kwashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa abashayeli abaningi bajwayele ukujwayela. Kodwa-ke, kunezibonelo eziningi zemishini lapho izinkinobho zisetshenziswa khona. Ezimoto zanamuhla ngokujwayelekile, ungathola ikhiphedi yezinombolo ezigcwele, eqinisweni, elawula uhlelo.

Umshicileli

Ukudluliselwa, ukudlulisa konke, yiqiniso, ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa manje kudingeka sibheke isihloko esiyinhloko senkulumo. Lokho ku-Transmission Variable. Empeleni, lokhu kuzogxila kukho konke.

I-CVT, noma Ukudluliswa Okuguquguqukayo Okuqhubekayo, - lokhu kusho lokho okushiwo. Ubungqayizivele balebhokisi legiyari ukuthi liyakwazi ukushintsha kahle uhla lwejubane. Ngakho-ke, ungakwazi ukugwema ama-jerks ahlabayo, ajwayelekile kumathemikhali, futhi ngisho nokushaya okuphansi - kokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo.

Izinzuzo zesistimu enjalo ziningi kakhulu. Kodwa kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele okuyinhloko yabo - ikhono lokusebenzisa ijubane lokuguqula injini ngokusebenza kahle okukhulu. Konke kwenzeka ngenxa yomsebenzi odidiyelwe wezakhi zenjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnotho wezokushisa uma usebenzisa idivayisi enjalo kakhulu, futhi kuyinjabulo ukushayela ngale ndlela.

Namuhla zisetshenziselwa kuphela izimoto. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokusemthethweni ziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke ukuzikhiqiza ngokwanele futhi ezinamandla zamatrakta afanayo noma amathangi - umsebenzi onzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umgomo wabo oyinhloko ukusiza ukuba khona kwabantu abajwayelekile, futhi, njengoba uyazi, ukushayela ikakhulukazi kwi-sedans kanye nezinhlanzi.

Idivayisi nokusebenza kwe-variator

Ukudluliswa kwe-CVT - kuyini? Ukuqonda, udinga ukuqala ukuqonda idivayisi yayo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuyindlela enzima kakhulu, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili. Kodwa isakhiwo jikelele singachazwa.

Ngakho, indawo eyinhloko isetshenziswa yidivayisi, enikeza ukudluliswa kwamaphutha okuvela ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nokuqedwa kwayo nebhokisi. Isetshenziselwa ukusebenza endaweni yokungathathi hlangothi. I-variator enjalo isetshenziselwa ukushayela kunoma isiphi isivinini. Indlela eguquguqukayo ilawulwa yindlela ehlukile - iqiniso lokuthi i-CVT ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokunyakaza kule ndlela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sikholeke ukusebenza kusuka ekuthumeni okuzenzakalelayo.

Amadivaysi asetshenzisiwe angase ahluke. Lona manje lolokuqala ohlwini, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa kwe-torque. Isibonelo, okuvame kakhulu ukuguqula i-torque. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusekhona ukuhlanganiswa kwe-centrifugal ne-electromagnetic, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho - multi-disk "emanzi".

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-variator

I-tautology enjalo ifanelekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukudala uhlelo lweCVT lungasebenzisa izingxenye ezahlukene kakhulu komunye nomunye, okuthinta umsebenzi.

Isibonelo, ezishibhile futhi ezivame kakhulu yizinkinobho ze-V-belt. Isebenzisa i- belt drive evamile , eyakhiwe ngosizo lwamadiski amabili e-conical. Ukuhamba kwalokhu kuhlasela kuthinta ububanzi bendawo futhi kulawulwa indlela yokwenza amanzi.

Amabhande enjoloba asele aqala ukungena, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye-fragility yabo. Ngomthombo osebenzayo wamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamatshumi amahlanu kuphela kanye nokuguquguquka okuncane kakhulu, akukho lutho olumangalisayo kulokhu. Bashintshwa ngamabhande ezensimbi ezenziwe ngeziqephu eziningana zensimbi. Zonke izinkinga zezinketho ezedlule zixazululwe.

Kukhona indlela eyodwa engenzeka yokusebenza - uchungechunge lensimbi. Ukuvumelana nezimo lapha kudlula konke okulindelwe. Ukuze kudluliswe umfutho, wonke ama-cones asezingeni eliphakeme kanye ne-strong ensimbi kakhulu asetshenziswa. Konke lokhu kuyadingeka ukwandisa impilo yesevisi. Njengoba lokhu kuyintuthuko yesimanje, akumangalisi ukuthi kufaka zonke izifanekiso ezivela emakethe. Ukusebenza kuhle kakhulu, futhi ukulahlekelwa okungenakugwenywa ekudlulisweni kwe-torque kuncishisiwe.

I-CVT (ibhokisi legiyari). I-Cons

Njenganoma iyiphi enye idivayisi, lokhu akusivikeli emaphuthelweni. Bavele bahlaziye ngenzuzo yokuletha indlela enjalo.

Okokuqala, uma udlulisela emotweni ene-KP efanayo esikhundleni esivamile, uzozizwa ungajabuli isikhathi eside. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuguqulwa kungashintsha ngokubanzi. Ngokuvamile lokho kwenzeka uma imoto ishesha. Kodwa ukungalungi okunjalo kuhlawulelwa yiqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi ngokwawo ubushelelezi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, awekho amajer kanye nezinye "injabulo yokuphila" emigwaqweni embi.

Ungaphinde unikeze isibonelo esisebenzayo somunye wabakhiqizi abadumile bezimoto. Isibonelo, ukuthunyelwa kwe-CVT ku-Nissan. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo, "Ukukhululwa kwe-Altima" ka-2013, ifakwe uhlelo olunjalo nje. Ngakho-ke, abashayeli bakhononda ngokuntuleka kokuzwela okungenakwenzeka. Yiqiniso, akuzona zonke lezi eziqaphele, okufanele ukuzisho ngokuhlukile. Futhi, inhloko yenkampani ichaze ukuthi amadivaysi anjalo ayindlela ehlukile yokuzenzekelayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwephethiloli nokukhishwa okuncishisiwe.

Kuyafaneleka ukucabangela nokuthi iqiniso lokuthi akuwona wonke ama-CVT akwazi ukubhekana nokudubula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungathembeki okujwayelekile kwamamodeli endala kuye kwaphazamiseka kakhulu idumela lehlelo lonke. Kodwa kuze kube yimanje, izinkinga ezinjalo zixazululwa kakhulu. Okungenani ngokwempilo ende.

Ukutholwa kwe

Omunye umbuzo othakazelisayo yintengo yebhodi legiya. Iphuzu lapha ukuthi i-variator kufanele ithengwe ngokuphelele - ngokushesha kanye nokudluliselwa. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke kube nomqondo wokuthenga okunjalo. Futhi lapha kunzima kakhulu ukuphakama, ngoba intengo yalolu daba kakhulu, ephakeme kakhulu. Ukuthunyelwa yingxenye ebalulekile yemoto, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukulondoloza kuso.

Kuphela ukuthengwa ngokwayo kungabangela inani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-200. Ngokuvamile ngisho nangaphezulu. Futhi lokhu ngaphandle kokucabangela ukufakwa, ukudlula kokuhlolwa, njalonjalo.

Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthola imininingwane enjalo. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu. Owokuqala ukuxhumana nesikhungo sesevisi noma igatsha lomenzi edolobheni lakho (bangakwazi ukweluleka indawo yokuthenga izingxenye zemoto yabo), isitolo esikhulu sezingxenye ezithile, noma zama ukwenza konke ngokwakho. Okusho ukuthi, uthenge ngezandla. Kodwa-ke, kule nkinga yokugcina, akekho onokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphepha kwakho kutshalwa.

Ngokuqondene nokufakwa, kungcono kakhulu uma kwenziwa ngabachwepheshe. Ukungenalo ulwazi olwanele ekusingatheni izindlela ezinjalo, kulula ukugoqa. Futhi unikezwe imali esetshenzisiwe, lokhu akukona ngokucacile ngokuphelele.

Ukulungiswa kokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo

Iphuzu elilandelayo elibalulekile lepulani ukufunda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani "ukugwinya" kwakho. Eqinisweni, shayela i-variator ibhokisi othomathikhi alilungile ngokuphelele, ngoba gear ngokwayo ayitholakali khona. Kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu akubalulekile kakhulu.

Ingxenye ebuthakathaka kakhulu yendlela yokuklama ibhande. Eqinisweni, ngokuvamile ukulungiswa kokudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo kusekushintsheni kwalo. Inkinga lapha ukuthi isiketha esenziwe manje se-steel chain sikwazi ukulimaza ngisho nabanikazi bezinkinobho, naphezu kwamandla abo. Kodwa lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni enzima kakhulu.

Kumele futhi uqaphele inzwa yejubane. I-pre-efakiwe ayinokwethenjelwa kakhulu, ingahle ihluleke. Isibonelo, uma ibhande liphuka, limane likhululekile, nakuba liphendulela ukudluliselwa kwimodi ephuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, akude nomuntu onamandla onke, futhi akakwazi ukulondoloza emiphumeleni. Ngandlela-thile, amafutha ashintshwa emabhokisini anjalo kuphela eziteshini ezikhethekile zesevisi. Futhi kukhona amashini ambalwa kakhulu afanelekayo awazi umsebenzi we-variator eguquguqukayo. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nenqubo enjalo elula, njengokushintsha kwamafutha, iba yinkinga enkulu kumnikazi wemoto.

Isiphetho

Eqinisweni, yilokho okudingayo ukwazi nge-variator. Ngakho-ke manje awudingi ukubuza umbuzo onzima kanje: "Ukudluliselwa kwe-CVT - kuyini?" Qaphela ukuthi le divayisi iyasifisa. Leli gama elingabonakaliswa. Ukungaqiniseki emigwaqeni engafanele, ikakhulukazi emigwaqeni engafakiwe, ezinye izinkinga eziqinisekisiwe nokuthembela okuvamile - konke lokhu akusho ukuzethemba okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi izobhekana nokuncintisana emakethe yaseRussia.

Noma kunjalo, ukudluliselwa kwe-CVT (i-variator) kuyakulungele ukusetshenziswa. Ngandlela-thile, lidlula ngisho nabalingani balo. Ngesikhathi leli bhokisi legiyari lingakafiki ekupheleleni okuphelele, kusadingeka ukunakekelwa.

Ngakho-ke, sithole idivayisi yokudlulisa okunjalo, njenge- variator engenasiphelo.