Ukufakelwa phansi: amathiphu okubeka. Ukuvimbela amanzi ngaphakathi endlini enamapulangwe

Ukufakelwa phansi phansi kuyahambisana nanamuhla kumagceke kunoma iyiphi injongo. Uma ungafaki isendlalelo sokungena kwamanzi phansi, ngisho nokhonkolo oluqinile ungagcina ulahlekelwa izici zokusebenza ngenxa yamanzi.

Ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi

Izansi zingafakwa ngezinto zokwakha okleyechnymi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ingilazi yokugcoba, ukungena kwamanzi, iphepha lokuphahla, i-glasswool noma i-hydrobutyl. Ukusebenza kokubeka izinto ezibalwe kuzo kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, isisekelo kufanele senziwe kuqala, ngemuva kwalesi sigaba ukungalungi akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka 2 mm. Esikhathini esilandelayo, isisekelo kufanele sithathwe nge-emulsion eyenziwe ngesisekelo se-bitumen. Njengoba isigaba sokugcina nesisemqoka ukuqaliswa kokufakela. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukugqoka akulimazi. Uma ukugxila phansi kusekelwe kwento yokuphahla, ukugqoka kuyoba namandla, kodwa kuyoba nenkinga eyodwa, okuyinto iphunga eliyingozi.

Ama-capillary insulation

Ukuvikelwa kwama-Capillary phansi kudinga ukusebenzisa ingxube ehlanganisa i-portland samente, izithako ezisebenzayo, nesihlabathi se-quartz noma se-silicate. Ukwakhiwa kufanele kusetshenziswe endaweni ebomile kancane. Izinga lekhrekhi ngesikhathi esifanayo landa ngo-20%. Njengesici esibalulekile yisici esisodwa, esiboniswa ekuphulukeleni okuzimele kwemifantu.

Ukufakwa ngezinto zefilimu

Ukugxila phansi kungabuye kuboniswe yizo zonke izinto zokwabelana ngefilimu, ubukhulu obuyi-0.2-2 mm. Ukwakhiwa kwezinsiza ezinjalo kungaba iPVC, i-acetylcellulose, i- raber yokufakelwa, kanye ne-polypropylene. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthola i-coating nge-elasticity eyengeziwe kanye namandla amakhulu. Kodwa uma usebenzisa ukuqiniswa okwengeziwe kwe-fiberglass, kungenzeka ukuba unikeze amandla angaphezu kokumemezela okuthakazelisayo.

I-insulation echazwe phansi, okumele kuqala inikezwe usayizi ofanelekile, kufanele ibekwe eceleni komkhathi wegumbi. Kuyadingeka ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuqinisekisa ukuqhutshwa kwengubo kanye nokufinyelela kwayo phezu kwezindonga. Uma kukhona isifiso sokungena amanzi ngendlela engokwemvelo, i-film ye-PVC ingasetshenziswa.

Ukuvimbela amanzi ngamastic

Ukufakwa kwezingxenye zokugcoba kuyadingeka, ngoba izinkuni zithinteka kakhulu kumswakama, ungasebenzisa i-mastic ngalokhu. Yinkimbinkimbi yokunamathisela engakwazi ukuxhuma zonke izinto zokwakha, ngaphezu kwalokho, ivikela ubuso emathonyeni amonakalo. Ngaphambilini, ubuchwepheshe obuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthi i-mastic bituminous yayisetshenziswe ku-slab. Izinto zokuphahla zazinamalungu, aphethwe nge-bitumen efanayo. Lesi sigqoko se-bitumine sinokulimaza okuphawulekayo, okunye okuvezwa kuso lapho kwenzeka khona ukuphazamiseka, okwenza ukuvimba kwamanzi kungasebenzi kahle.

Uma ukuguqulwa kwephansi endlini kufakwa ngezinto zokugqoka, khona-ke uzokwazi ukuqedela umsebenzi ngesikhathi esifushane, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umzamo omkhulu. Ama-lubricants asetshenziswe kuphela, kodwa kufanele akhunjulwe ukuthi ngemva kokuqina abanamandla amandla okhethekile.

Ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi phansi kwezindlu zokhuni

Ukuhlukaniswa phansi kwesitezi sokuqala endlini yokhuni kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokulondoloza izinto zokwakha. Okokuqala, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuhokhwe emsebenzini wokugxila emkhakheni wesisekelo. Njengengxenye yalokhu, ungasebenzisa i-ruberoid efanayo. Khona-ke, emva kokuhamba phansi kwesiteji esincane, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa kwesithintelo se-hydraulic, engxenyeni yokuthi kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ifilimu encane ye-polyethylene. Okubalulekile ukuhlinzekwa kwegebe elomoya ophakathi kwezinga elibi neliseqediwe. Amabhodi wezocansi angakwazi ukuhlukaniswa nemiphumela yomswakama ngokusebenzisa i-polymer varnish ebusweni bawo, emva kokumiswa, okungasetshenziswa ukugqoka okuhlobisa.

Isiteji sokungena kwamanzi emhlabathini

Ezindlini zangasese, phansi phansi ezansi phansi, kukhona isidingo sokusebenza kwamanzi. Ukuzihlukanisa phansi kusukela emhlabathini esiteji sokuqala kuhilela ukuhlanganiswa komhlabathi phansi kwe-excavation. Ngaphansi komgodi kuyadingeka ukuthi ubeke imfucumfucu, i-granularity yayo engama-30-50 mm, ungqimba kumele lube ngu-7-10 cm ubukhulu. Amatshe aqoshiwe kufanele ahlanganiswe. Okulandelayo kuza isihlabathi, ubukhulu obufanele bufane. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa noma yisiphi isanti. Emva kwalokho, ungakwazi ukufaka phansi phansi ngokhuni, ukuhlelwa ngamagogo, noma ukumboza isikhala sekhonkri.

Ukufakwa kwesitezi

Ukuhlukaniswa phansi phansi kusuka emhlabathini kuqala, esimweni sesimiso sezinkuni, isidingo sokweseka izingodo zezingodo. Zingenziwa ngezitini noma ukhonkolo. Ngemuva kokuba ukhonkolo seluthole amandla, ubuso bawo kufanele buphathwe ngokubambisana. Okuphezulu kunconywa ukubeka ukufakwa kwe-roll. Lokhu kuzokuvikela ama-lags kumaphoyinti wokuxubana nezinsizakalo. Ngemuva kokuthi ufake i-log, ungaqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwesiteji esivuthayo, okungenziwa nge- plywood engenamanzi, kuzosebenza njengesihlukaniso. Njengengqimba eyengeziwe yokuvikela, i-polyethylene ingasetshenziswa, ehlanganiswe ne-plywood.

Ukuhlukaniswa phansi kwesiteji sokuqala kuleli cala kuthatha isidingo sokubeka izinto ngokubambisana kuka-15 cm. Amalunga kufanele agcinwe esebenzisa i-scotch tape. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- polyethylene enephunga ingasetshenziswa .

Ukufakwa kwesitoreji phansi

Ukuze uhlukanise phansi ukhonkolo phansi, ngemuva kokubeka "umcibisholo" kudingekile ukuhlomisa isikhwama esimnyama. Ngemuva kokuba ukhonkolo seluthole amandla, kungenzeka ukuthi wenze ukuvimba kwamanzi okugeleza phezulu, okubekiwe emigqeni emibili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ukuphahlazwa uzizwa noma ukuphahlazwa uzizwa. Ukugxilwa phansi kubeka umshini wokushisa. Ngemuva kokuthi kungenzeka ukubeka i-heater futhi ukhiphe elinye i-coupler elizobe lilungile. Kukhona esinye isixazululo esithile, esihlanganisa ukubeka ama-microns angu-200 e-polyethylene esihlabathini. Le ndaba ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela endaweni yamajoyina. Phezu kwefilimu kuhlelwe isikhala esibi, ungqimba lwalo luyi-5-7 cm. Ukuze uvikele isikhala sokhonkolo, izinto ezifanayo zokugqoka zingasetshenziswa. Phezu kobuchwepheshe obungenhla buhlanganiswe nokugxilwa okushisayo, bese kuthiwa i-screed ehlanzekile.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapulangwe, njengokunye okunye, kufanele kwenziwe ngokusemthethweni, uma kungenjalo uzothola izinkinga eziningi ngemuva kwesikhathi, isibonelo, ngomswakama ophezulu endaweni, kanye nokubunjwa kwefungus phezu kwendonga, njll.