Ukugxila kwe-hyperechogenic engxenyeni engakwesokunxele senhliziyo ye-fetal: ukuxilongwa, izimbangela

Phakathi ne-ultrasound yesibili ehleliwe, ukugxila kwe-hyperechoic engxenyeni engakwesokunxele yenhliziyo ye-fetal kutholakala njalo. Lokhu kufakwa kuyindawo encane - isenzo esingeziwe esingabangela ukulimala kwengane, kodwa uma isimo sokuthi kukhona khona i-chromosomal pathologies.

Incazelo yokuxilongwa

Endaweni yendawo iphuzu, ukuhlanganiswa kwezicubu zenhliziyo kuyatholakala, kungabangelwa yi:

• Ama-deposit of salts;
• Ubukhona be-pathology kusethi ye-chromosome;
• Ukuba khona kwesinye isikhathi esingathinti umsebenzi ogcwele wenhliziyo.

Uma imbangela yokubonakala kwephuzu elimhlophe enhlizweni yenhliziyo iyinani elikhulu lasawoti, bese kuthiwa yi-trimester yesithathu idlala futhi ayithwali yimuphi umphumela we-fetus. Okufanayo kusebenza ku-chord, kungabangela umsindo enhliziyweni kuze kube neminyaka ethile (ngokuvamile iyenzeka eminyakeni engu 2-3), noma ilahleka ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Kunoma yikuphi, uma kutholakala, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlolisise ingane njalo ku-cardiologist.

Ingozi kuphela ukuxilongwa, etholakala ngokuhambisana nokungajwayelekile kwe-chromosomal. Kulokhu, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-myocardium kubeka ingozi ekuphileni komntwana.

Ukugxila kwe-hyperechoic engxenyeni engakwesokunxele yenhliziyo ye-fetal kungase kubonise ukuthi kukhona i-Down's syndrome, uma izimpawu ze-chromosome ezitholakalayo zitholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi lokukhulelwa kwegazi.

Ngaleso sikhathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yesisu kungazwakala

Inani lenhliziyo liwela ngesonto lesine lokukhulelwa. Ngempelasonto, i-ultrasound yangaphandle iyakwazi ukuthola ukuphambana kwe-myocardial. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngenzwa yesisu kungenziwa ngeviki lesishiyagalombili. Uma ngalesi sikhathi kungekho izinqubo ezivumelanisiwe ze-myocardium, singaphetha ngokuthi ukukhulelwa kuyaphela.

Ngemuva kokwakheka, inhliziyo inenqwaba yezinhlungu ezingu-110-130, inani likhula ngokuphawulekayo ku-170-190 (ukuphakama kwehla kuwela ngesonto lesishiyagalombili), futhi ngemva kwalokho inhliziyo ishaya embusheni iphinde yehle ukuya ku-120-160 ngomzuzu futhi ingashintshi kuze kube yilapho kuhanjiswa.

Ukulalela ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-stethoscope kungenzeka kuphela kusukela ngesonto lama-20, kuyatholakala kuphela odokotela abanolwazi. Ngokuzimela ukulalela, njengoba inhliziyo yengane ishaya, kungenzeka kakade ngesonto lama-30.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-GEF

Ukuthola i-syndrome ye "golfu ibhola" kwenziwa nge-ultrasound. Emva kwalokhu, kunconywa ukuthi uvakashele i-3D ultrasound eyengeziwe, futhi udokotela ongena khona angakwazi ukuqondisa owesifazane okhulelwe ukuba enze i-echocardioscopy ye-fetus. Ngokuvamile lolu cwaningo lubekiwe:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe baneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala;
• Uma esemncane unina unezifo ezithathelwanayo;
• Ngaphambi kokubeletha (noma izihlobo) ezikhulelwe zenhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela;
• Ngemuva kokutholakala ku-pathology ehlelwe yi-ultrasound enhliziyweni;
• Ekupheleni kokuthuthukiswa kwezithelo kanye nobukhulu bayo;
• Lapho uthola izimpawu ezibonisa okungavamile kwe-chromosomal.

Ukugxila kwe-hyperechoic engxenyeni engakwesokunxele yenhliziyo ye-fetal kungenziwa ihlolwe nge-echocardioscopy isikhathi esingamaviki angu-18-28, emva kwalokho ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngeke kwenzeke, njengoba ubukhulu bomntwana buzoba bukhulu kakhulu ukuze buhlolisise ubukhulu nesimo senhliziyo yakhe.

Izindlela ze-echocardioscopy

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, zonke izikhala zenhliziyo zilinganiswa. Ngokuvamile, lezi zikhombisi kufanele zibe ngaphakathi:

• Ubude be-ventricle elungile ngu-0.5-1.75 cm;
• Ububanzi be-ventricle efanele yi-0.4-1.1 cm;
• Ubude be-ventricle kwesokunxele yi-0.9-1.8 cm;
• Ububanzi be-ventricle kwesokunxele yi-0.44-0.89 cm;
• Isilinganiso sobubanzi be-ventricular kwesokunxele - u-0.45-0.9 cm;
• Ukuvula kwe-Aortic 0.3-0.52 cm;
• Umlomo we-pulmonary artery - 0.3-0.5 cm;
• Ukuvulwa kwe-Mitral 0.35-0.6 cm;
• Ukuvulwa kwe-Tricuspid - 0,3-0,63 cm;
• Inombolo yezinhliziyo - 140-160 ukushaya / iminithi.

Ubukhulu bentliziyo ye-fetal inezici zayo futhi buhluke kakhulu ngobukhulu bomuntu omdala, ngoba zonke izitho zihambisana nobukhulu bomzimba. Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo enenhlolovo enjalo kubonakala njalo, ngakho ungakhathazeki ngokuntuleka kobuchwepheshe be-Uzista, uma ukuxilongwa kungaqinisekisiwe noma udokotela uthi lokhu akusho ukwesabisa ingane.

Yini okumele yenziwe uma ihlonza i-GEF

I-GEF enhliziyweni ye-fetus igcizelela ukuqokwa kwezivivinyo ezengeziwe ezihleliwe udokotela. Kuzokwazi ukuthwala kubo:

• I-Ultrasound yenhliziyo yengane nge-dopplerography;
• I-CTG (i-cardiotocography);
• I-3D noma i- 4D ultrasound.

Uma izindlela zokuxilonga ezenzelwe azizange ziphikise ukutholakala kwamathologi wenhliziyo (okungukuthi, uma izimpawu zokugula zikhona egazini futhi lezi zimpawu ziqinisekiswa kwi-ultrasound), kutuswa ukuvakashela izakhi zofuzo.

Ukutadisha okunjalo kuyisinyathelo esibi kakhulu, ngoba sinomthelela omkhulu wokukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha intambo yegazi noma i-amniotic fluid ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo kungabalulekile, kanti udokotela wezakhi zofuzo ngeke aqondise kuleso sifo esiyingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma uqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nge-volume ultrasound, kungcono ukubonisana nochwepheshe ngengozi ye-GEF yokuphila kwengane.

Ukugxila kwe-hyperechogenic engxenyeni engakwesokunxele senhliziyo ye-fetal: izimbangela

Ukutholakala kokugxila kwe-echogenic enhliziyweni yengane kungaba umphumela wokunciphisa izitsha zomzimba wenhliziyo, isimo senhliziyo esisodwa (lapho i-septum eyengeziwe enhliziyweni ifana ne-chorda encane) noma i-chromosomal pathologies, ikakhulukazi i-Down syndrome.

I-fetus iqala ngokushesha kakhulu amasonto futhi umzimba wayo kanye nezinhlelo ezibalulekile zenyama ziphuthukisiwe nakakhulu. Yingakho udinga ukuqapha njalo ingane yakho, okuzokuvumela ukuba ubone izinkinga zokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka ngesikhathi noma uzivimbele ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zokuqala zivele.

Ngaphambi kwamakhamera we-chromosomal ephologi egazini likaMama, okungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwengane ekugcineni kuqinisekisiwe. Kulesi simo, abazali kufanele banqume ukuthi banokuhlolwa okungeziwe yini noma ukuqeda ukukhulelwa.

Imiphumela yokuxilongwa kwengane

Ngokujwayelekile, ukhetho olwengeziwe lwe- ventricle engakwesokunxele kwengane linyamalale ekupheleni kwe-trimester yesithathu, kodwa kungase kube enhliziyweni yonke impilo ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo. Lokhu kufanele kwaziwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, kubike udokotela wezingane ezinganeni, kusukela lapho ulalele kunethuba lokuhlukumezeka ngenxa yokubona ukukhononda kwenhliziyo.

Kunconywa ukuba ubhalise ne-cardiologist yezingane bese uhlolwe njalo nge-pathology. Njengomthetho, uma uneminyaka emithathu ubudala, ingane ilahleka noma yiziphi izimpawu zokubandakanyeka emzimbeni wenhliziyo, udokotela wenza isiphetho mayelana nempilo ephelele yengane.

Ingabe kufanele ukhathazeke ngalesi sifo?

Njengomthetho, ukugxila kwe-hyperechoic engxenyeni engakwesokunxele senhliziyo ye-fetal akuyona ingozi kumntwana. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuzalwa nokuhlelwa ngudokotela, azikho ukwehlukana okuvela kumkhuba evamile kubantwana, umsindo omncane kuphela ongenakwenzeka nge-chord eyengeziwe.

Lapho ingane ifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3, ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu, ungenza inhliziyo i-ultrasound, echaza zonke izilinganiso zamagumbi kanye nokuvuleka kwe-valve, inani lezinketho ezengeziwe kanye nesimo sohlelo lwesimo senhliziyo. Ekuphetheni, ukuxilongwa kwezempilo yenhliziyo nokuhambisana ngokugcwele nezici zeminyaka kuzobhalwa (ngokuvamile ifasitela elivulekile litholakele izingane kuze kube unyaka ).

Kuphela ngamaphesenti amancane amacala, i-chord eyengeziwe ye-ventricle engakwesokunxele enganeni ingabangela izifo zenhliziyo noma ezinye izifo. Kodwa ngenxa yale njongo akukho khona okwanele kwe-"ball ball" syndrome, isiqiniseko esiqondile sengozi siyadingeka ngokusebenzisa isampula se-amniotic fluid noma igazi emgqeni we-umbilical kanye nokutholakala kwamakhwaza ngemuva kokutholakala kwegazi, okubonisa ukuba khona kwe-chromosomal okungavamile ebusweni.