Ukuhlela ukwakheka Bove Osip Ivanovich: Biography, uhlu imisebenzi

Abezinye Izizwe abaye baba nendima ebalulekile ekwakheni ukubukeka yezakhiwo eMoscow Petersburg. Kodwa Dzhuzeppe Bova neze isivakashi Russian. Wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo impilo yezwe wafaka ezinhliziyweni zabo ezakhiweni zabo.

Osip Ivanovich Bove: Biography emfushane

Igama samanje umakhi - Dzhuzeppe Bova, nakuba wazalwa Petersburg (1784). Njengoba ayezalelwe Italy, ungubaba wakhe, umpendi Neapolitan Vincenzo Giovanni Bova. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umfana waziwa ngendlela Russian - Osip. Lapho eneminyaka engu-ithi iseyingane, umkhaya wathuthela eMoscow. Lo muzi uyokhipha wonke amandla akhe kanye ithalente. Ngezinye 18 Beauvais efika esikoleni ukufunda ibhizinisi yezakhiwo beqondiswa Francesco Kamporezi. Ngemva kokudedelwa ukukhula intsha umsebenzi livelile ngokushesha. Njengoba umsizi wakhe wezakhiwo nenhlanhla ukusebenza ngaphansi amakhosi ezinkulu ezifana eRussia kanye Cossacks.

Phakathi izenzakalo 1812 Osip Ivanovich Bove baba umhlanganyeli we abezempi kazwelonke. Ngenhlanhla ke alilimalanga ngesikhathi sempi futhi ngemva demobilization waqokwa ikhomishana lokwakha ukubuyiselwa eMoscow njengenhloko yomkhaya "fasadicheskoy ingxenye." Yemikhakha ezine emzini Beauvais waya emaphakathi. Arbat District Presnensky, Tver, kaMasipala kanye Novinsky - wezakhiwo wanikeza lesi ingxenye yesithombe osekhona nanamuhla. He sungula Olubomvu Theatre Square, Alexandrovsky Garden - ezintathu eziyinhloko Ensemble yezakhiwo isikhungo inhlokodolobha sika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Bove ubulokhu izakhiwo zokuhlala mbumbulu kwempi ukwakhiwa eMoscow futhi isonto.

Njengoba wezakhiwo Bove lithole ukuqashelwa esizifanele phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, futhi neze ezidingekayo. Wayefanele imali, ludvumo, kanye umkhaya onothando. Mhlawumbe into nje ukuthi wayengenakwenza - isimo zezemfundo, ngoba lo msebenzi we Academy of Fine Arts, nganoma isiphi isizathu, ayikwazanga ukwenza. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kwaba ukuntuleka isikhathi. Nge ithalente ezinjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba Beauvais kuhlulekile ukuze nenze lo msebenzi yaseshashalazini (okungukuthi, lase-oda). Washona ngo ehlobo lika-1834, kancane ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele lokuzalwa kwabo wama-50. Ukuhlela ukwakheka wangcwatshwa emathuneni ngesikhathi Donskoy Monastery, lapho ngesikhathi empilweni yebandla eyakhelwe.

Red Square

Ngemva kwempi, ingxenye endaweni wabhujiswa, ezikhaleni ezisele elalihlala abahwebi. Uhlelo Lokufaka Lwe-Young Bove abuyiselwe izisulu izindonga ezibiyele abuyisela Nikolskaya umbhoshongo ne Gate Vuko. izitolo Private, kwanqunywa ukuba asuse kwakhiwe Imigqa Ukuhweba. Isakhiwo e isitayela classic nge kuvulandi nenhle namanje ihlobisa enkabeni yedolobha, futhi manje sesaziwa ngokuthi gum. Earthworks, efana umsele ngasezindongeni, kwabhujiswa, futhi endaweni wale mithandazo Boulevard wahlela.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ngesikhathi St Vasiliya Blazhennogo yasungulwa lesikhumbuzo idolobha lokuqala - isikhumbuzo Minin futhi Pozharsky ukusebenza Martos. endaweni Antebellum kwadingeka ukubukeka ngokuphelele, futhi injalo manje - afanelwe ngokugcwele Beauvais.

Alexander engadini

Ngesikhathi ezakhiwe ngesitini esibomvu, kwanqunywa ukuba wengeze zasemazweni. Ezibiyele engadini, noma, njengoba manje ukuyibiza, isikhungo Alexander, kubonakale esivuselelwe yenhloko-dolobha. Njengoba kuhlelwa Beauvais, kwaba epaki njalo nge amanxiwa olunothile futhi emadokodweni encane. Ezinye zazo ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla, ezifana Italian sivale indlela engena emgedeni. Ukwakha kwepaki kwadingeka ukuphambukisa komhlaba isiteshi agelezé khona Neglinka River. It ekuqaleni kuhlelwe ukuyisebenzisa ukudala uhlelo emadanyini, kodwa empeleni basuke bengazi komculo.

ogibele ihholo

Imidwebo enkundleni matasa ngomunye umklami. Beauvais bamyisa Ukunquma futhi umhlobiso sculptural. Betancourt yakhelwe isakhiwo ngo-1817. Umklamo ngesikhathi yayingavamile futhi akazange abe analogue emhlabeni. Isakhiwo senzelwe umzimba ezempi futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi Ekzertsirgauz noma indlu ukuqeqeshwa. Isikhala ingaphakathi kwakungelona ukuzibangela amahloni regimental zijike ngokushesha. Futhi ukwakha isakhiwo esinjalo yaphumelela! Egumbini lapho kwakungekho ukwesekwa ezifuywayo nayiwo wonke eziveza umthwalo uwela ezindongeni, ungakwazi kahle abantu 2000.

Ngo-1824, Bove idale zokuhlobisa sekugcineni enkundleni iphrojekthi emva ukulungiswa ezincane. Kwakufanele ukuhlobisa izindonga zalo zempi lempi, Ukunqoba Banner, amandla nobukhulu bakhe kwamandla. abaluphahleka, isakhiwo lihlotshiswe stucco yayiqhutshelwa. On the izindonga kwagcizelela ubucwebe, eyenziwe ngendlela izinto zobungoma legionary. Esikhathini izikhala ezikude izindonga okuhloswe ukuhlanganisa ephezulu imifanekiso, waphonsa yensimbi, kodwa bengazange inkatho.

Theatre Square

Petrovsky Theatre, owayengasinaki esizeni Big, bazishisa phambi kwempi, ngo-1805. Futhi kuphela 1816 kwanqunywa ukuba uguqule ndawo. Kudingeka ukwakha isakhiwo esisha yaseshashalazini bamshaya phambi isikwele elingunxande. Sokunene nesobunxele endaweni zavalwa ngaphambili olungaphambili lwesonto ezaziphase isakhiwo, futhi umbono best of kufanele kuvulwe China-edolobheni.

Petersburger Andrey Mikhailov yena waklama Bolshoi Theatre. Bove wahola emsebenzini futhi benza izinguquko ezinkulu imidwebo. Yena kunciphise izindleko zokwakha, kushintshwe usayizi enkundleni yemidlalo yase-Ngokuzayo mayelana isikhala kanye nemvelo. umumo Eyisisekelo kanye nokusungulwa abaye balondolozwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuqinisa indima kuphela futhi izakhi okuhlobisa.

Njenganoma Arena, Bolshoi Theatre yayihloselwe ukukhazimulisa edolobheni bayinqoba impi. Kwakungeke kuvesane kube ngcono ukunyusele ngokubabazekayo isitayela zakudala. Kufakiwe ku kuvulandi leqembu sculptural esibonisa Apollo enqoleni yakhe. It senziwa of alabhaste futhi kubhujiswe ngomlilo e 1853. Kamuva kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo ukubunjwa umsebenzi Klodt. Ephinda indaba efanayo, kodwa kube khona emikhulu futhi onamandla angaphezu.

Kuvulwa yaseshashalazini senzeka ngasekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 1825. Izilaleli zashaya izandla emabhokisini. Kwaba ukunqoba hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa oyibamba qembu, kodwa futhi ngoba umakhi.

Arch lokunqoba

Ngokungafani enkundleni noma Bolshoi Theatre, Arc de Triomphe - siqu ngokuphelele project Beauvais. Ukwakhiwa Kwakuhlelwe ukuba kube indawo ye umnyango eMoscow kusukela St.-Petersburg bebheke Tverskaya Zastava. Kusasele iminyaka engaba mibili kwasala imidwebo imidwebo, ngo-1829 yi-version yokugcina sivunyiwe. Isisekelo 'ngoba inhlanhla "waphonsa nedlanzana ruble esiliva, wabeka zethusi ipuleti esiyisikhumbuzo.

Ngenkathi kwakhiwa itshe ukusetshenziswa ne umsele-gravity kanye nokuphenyisisa Tatarovskaya "zemabula 'kwalesi sigodi eduze eMoscow. Imifanekiso eyenziwe cast iron kanye Okugweda Timofeev Vitali. Zonke zazilokubunjwa phezu imidwebo ukuthi wezakhiwo self-wadala. Ngenxa ukuphazamiseka ngezimali ukwakhiwa wathatha iminyaka 5, futhi kuvulwa lesikhumbuzo okwenzeka ekwindla 1834.

Kufanele ukuthi lanamuhla ungena Arch ku Kutuzovsky Prospekt - a Remake. Umbhalo walo wokuqala adiliza ngemva eyikhulu ngemva ukwakhiwa yayo endaweni umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo. Izilinganiso enziwa, imidwebo nezithombe ukuze kamuva ukubuyisela lwaleli ngesikhathi Belorussky Isiteshi sesitimela. izakhi okuhlobisa imali ngayo eminyuziyamu. UMbuso omkhulu sensimbi amakholomu phakathi neMpi Yezwe II elicibilikile kuya phambi kudingeka silondoloze kuphela ephethwe omunye. Kodwa sibonga lezi imidwebo ukusinda izingcezwana ngo-1968 lwaleli ibuyiselwe eduze panorama "Borodino Battle" ku Kutuzov Avenue.

esibhedlela

Devotee nomuzi othandekayo, wezakhiwo Bove wasebenza hhayi kuphela izakhiwo omkhulukazi, kodwa futhi emagcekeni senzelwe abantu abavamile. Omunye wabo - City Hospital endaweni leSango Kaluga. Waqala umsebenzi 1828 emidwebweni yakhe Beauvais. Ivulekile wokwakha omangalisayo ngesitayela classical, ehlotshiswe "brand" kuvulandi, wavula iminyango zayo kulabo abadinga ukusiza Muscovites.

Ukuze uthole indawo yokuhlala ntofontofo kuhlinzekelwe iziguli wezakhiwo ezimhlophe emzimbeni. Izindonga abangu ehlotshiswe bas-imifanekiso, ezinye zazo ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla.

Ngaphansi komunye - esibhedlela Catherine - Osip Ivanovich Bove refitted endlini Gagarin. Umsebenzi waqala ngo-1825. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, bakulezi zibhedlela ezimbili avuleka kuphela 1833. Ngaleso sikhathi, banayo okungcono base lobuchwepheshe eRussia.

ukwakha ithempeli

Emasontweni eyakhelwe Beauvais, kungase kuqashelwe intercession Church, St Nicholas Church Kotelniki, zintathu yethempeli ensimini Danilov Monastery. Njengengxenye ukwakhiwa kwezibhedlela uma zazakhiwe amasonto amabili. Ngo 1822, edolobhaneni Ekulu wakha isonto emangalisayo, abangcweliselwe behlonipha Arhangela Mihaila. Isonto-Rotunda e Empire isitayela zenziwa izitini. Three-tiered isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi yagcotshwa Spire okusezingeni eliphezulu. Isonto kahle walondoloza futhi isanda lilungiswe.

Nethempeli Mihaila Arhangela kuyinto kangaka uyakuthanda abantu ukuthi imali eqoqwe yibandla, phezu emfushane efanayo esakhiwe omunye. Edolobhaneni Pehra intercession kufanele "iwele" Ingelosi Eyinhloko Church - Holy Virgin Ukuvikelwa Church. Kusukela prototype yayo ifaka uhlelo lwemibala ezimhlophe bese okwesibhakabhaka.

izindlu Ukuhlale

Njengoba umakhi ophethe mbumbulu post-yimpi eMoscow, Osip Ivanovich Bove ayikwazanga ibe nethonya ukubukeka kwezindlu abavamile. Ngaphansi umyalo wakhe benziwa ukuphathwa-amaqoqo, kubhekiselwa kuzo 'njengamadoda albhamu imodeli amaphrojekthi. " Nazi iziqondiso futhi izibonelo zendlela endlini kumele ibukeke abameleli izigodi ezahlukene edolobheni. Kwakunokwenzeka ukukhetha ofanele, eqondiswa ukunambitheka kwako futhi umnotho.

Ngenxa Beauvais edolobheni endlini uvele njengenhlangano uhlobo olusha ngokuphelele ekhaya. Abathengisi wayeklanyelwe efulethini indlu: phansi engenhla labelwa ngoba abanikazi yokuhlala, futhi phansi ongase izitolo nezitolo.

ifa eliyigugu yezakhiwo uyasala Osip Ivanovich Bove. Kokubona eMoscow kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa igama lakhe. Woza ukuvakashelwa futhi uzibonele!