Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945

Le mpi for yokukhululwa baseCzechoslovakia baqala ngo-September 1944. Ngaleso sikhathi, amabutho aseSoviet angena ngalo indawo yezwe. Cabangela eminye kanjani yokukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945 ifotho izimpi nayo izofakwa kuboniswe esihlokweni.

Imininingwane zomlando

Ibutho laseSoviet wayesenze amaphutha yakhululwa cishe yonke indawo yakwa-Slovakia. AmaNazi baxoshwa inhlokodolobha, Bratislava, isikhungo enkulu yezimboni Brno kanye Moravian Ostrava. Ukubuthelela Wehrmacht wahlulwa, Berlin wawa. Konke lokhu kwaholela Ngokuwa ibutho laseJalimane. Yenza izimpi Italian nezisentshonalanga, amasosha amaNazi yaphela ukumelana yabo. amasosha aseJalimane aqala sokunikela. Kwakuwusuku entwasahlobo 1945. Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia lalingu isinyathelo esilandelayo umgomo jikelele - ukubhubhisa wobushiqela. amabutho aseJalimane namanje ku insimu yalo futhi uqhubeke ukuzivikela nenkani.

Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945: izikhundla German

Ekuqaleni kuka-May, elayinini 1, 3, 4, kanye 2 nd izimpi Ukrainian ekuqa- Šternberk, Krnov, Striegau, Kamenz, Wurzen, entshonalanga Stockerau, gloggnitz, Brno igcinwe ezomvikela leqembu "Isikhungo". Wabayala Marshal ISkema. Ndawonye nabo, ukumelana liyingxenye amaviyo "Austria" iqembu. Basuke eliholwa uJenene Rendulic. ukuzivikela Ubude igcinwe ukwahlukana 65, nanhlanu regiments ehlukile futhi amaqembu 3. Amabutho eyinhloko isitha ezaziphambi iphiko kwesokunxele bese maphakathi 1st Front Ukraine. Benzé ngesisekelo wayivikela ngamandla, uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi. Ngaphambi flank kwesokudla ukumelana le zesitha kwakuyinto wamabutho buthaka lozalo yoxhumana naye engazinzile. Esikhathini izinkomba lesibili nelesine izimpi Ukrainian ahlelwe isitha oluqinisayo ensimini uhlobo kwakheka ukujula wezindlela. Ukusebenzisa izikhundla enamandla lelungiselelwe, amaNazi baqhubeka ukumelana. Kwezinye izindawo, amabutho aseJalimane ngisho baqala balwe.

I jikelele isimo sezombangazwe e-Germany

Ubuholi lobuNazi ekupheleni kwempi ninempahla impela force amakhulu. Engafuni ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo ukuqaphela ithemba ngalesi simo, okunguye yedwa imibuthano nalabo abane- elibusayo babeqhubeka befuna busebenze ngaphambili zezombusazwe. Uhulumeni German wazama ukuphetha into ehlukile izwe laseBrithani nelase-United States. Ngakho, obekumele ukuhlukanisa umbimbi sithole isikhathi ukulondoloza isimo sabo. Denitskoe uhulumeni kulindeleke alibale ngaphambi ibutho laseSoviet ezindaweni entshonalanga. Ngenxa yalokhu, ayovuleka ndima okulula entshonalanga, okungafanele kwakuzolandela yokukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945, BaseMelika British. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-US nase-UK amabutho kungathatha kakhulu insimu ka-Austria naseJalimane. Kule ndaba, oda wanikwa undlovukayiphikiswa amabutho ahlomile. Lathi ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi impi yokulwa amazwe aseNtshonalanga isibe lutho, kubalulekile ukubeka phansi izikhali e-Netherlands, Denmark nase North-West eJalimane. Ngezinye efanayo ekulweni isikhathi ku Eastern Front wayalelwa ukuze uqhubeke.

Umhlangano kubaholi undlovukayiphikiswa

EMoravia naseBohemia lalikhulela yavelonkhe yenkhululeko. Yikuphi kakhulu inkimbinkimbi isimo yempi undlovukayiphikiswa kulezi zindawo. Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945. ihambisane nohlelo asebenzayo yabashokobezi umzabalazo bendawo. Ngakho, ekuqaleni kuka-March, kwakukhona 20 kazwelonke wenkululeko izinhlangano, amaqembu kanye amaqembu. Ahileleka izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingaphezu kuka 7700. Ubuholi wobuNazi ngokuphindaphindiwe saxoxa ngesimo eCzechoslovakia. Meyi 3 waba umhlangano ovamile. On ke, ngaphandle amalungu denitskogo uhulumeni ukuwo Jodl, Keitel, Frank (umbusi elaseBohemia nelaseMoravia), kanye abakhulu labasebenzi izinhlangano wamabutho "Isikhungo" Natsmer. Isimo engangibhekene naso amabutho ezingenathemba. Nokho, ngokuphambene ingqondo, ubuholi amaNazi kubhekwe ukuthi yokubuyiswa amasosha ngaphambili empumalanga akunakwenzeka. Emhlanganweni, ukuxoxa ngosizi lwezilwane Scherner ibutho, kuyilapho uvuma ukuthi isimo iphoqa kuye ukubeka phansi izikhali zabo, nokho isinqumo sokuqhubeka ukumelana. abaholi German waqaphela ukuthi uma amabutho sokunikela, wonke amabutho aseJalimane kuzoba uhulumeni waseRussia. Kule ndaba, isinqumo esithathwe ngaphambili ukuba anesikhundla sokulinda kwaqinisekiswa emhlanganweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kulindeleke ukuba siqale ukulungiselela weZempi Iqembu "Isikhungo" ngenxa yokuchezuka entshonalanga sehlulwe US amabutho.

Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945 (kafushane)

Isimo eliye lakhula enkundleni bezempi nabezombusazwe enye ukuphangwa ekupheleni April - ekuqaleni kuka May, wafuna izinto ngenkani isinyathelo esiphuthumayo. Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945 kwaqala ngaphambi okwamanje wayephezu ukunqotshwa amabutho esitha Berlin. Ephakeme High Command isinqumo ukuqalisa ukusebenza ePrague. Meyi 1-2, kwamanye amadolobha, eCzechoslovakia kwavele imiboniso nokuguqulwa ngokumelene amaNazi. kancane kancane ukuthola ifomu ehleleke kakhudlwana. Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945 lula isikhundla evumayo kakhulu we amasosha aseSoviet. Avumelekile on ensimini yezwe iqembu isitha esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe ku le eningizimu-mpumalanga, empumalanga nasenyakatho. Lapha isinyathelo Army 1st, 2 kanye 4th Izimpi Ukraine. amabutho Okokuqala ayesezibhebheni umugqa 650-ikhilomitha phakathi Krnov futhi Potsdam.

I flank kwesokudla namaphakathi

Baqala bawahlanganise bese ukulungiselela i okuhlukumezayo isiqondiso ePrague. Njengengxenye amabutho amandla ayemakhulu samanje Army Okwesibili Polish Army, 3 no-4-Panzer, 1, 3, 4, 5 th Guards, 7th amabutho ngomshini, kanye 52, 28, Army 13. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwesokunxele flank amabutho wagcina ukuzivikela emngceleni enyakatho Krnov, entshonalanga Levenberg. Okwesithupha Army baqhubeka uvimba ka ikampu Breslau. Amabutho umhlabathi asekelwe Second Air Force. Wayala Krasovsky. The main force izindiza futhi retargeted itjhaphuluko eCzechoslovakia. Ngo-1945, ngesikhathi esebenza phakathi Krnov futhi Vsetin e iviyo-220 kilometers, 4th Front Ukrainian sakhiwa 31 th ithangi umzimba 1, 38, 60 noma Guards kanye Army 18th, Moravian Ostrava kokuqeda ukusebenza. On lo mugqa ukwesekwa emhlabathini amabutho enikeziwe 8 Air Army. Ngo ngezithako zawo kwaba 1st eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia zezindiza okuxubile division. Kusukela ngo-March 26, amabutho Front sika ayalwa Eremenko. Esikhathini band 350 km ububanzi, kusukela Vsetín ukuba Korneyburga, ukukhululwa kuka eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945, kuye kwenziwa i-Army of the 2nd Front Ukraine. Esikhathini lontamo kwakukhona 6, 53, 40 th Guards Tank, 1 no-4-Romanian Army iphansi kwesandla sika-Atanasiu futhi Constantin Dăscălescu. Amasosha isihambile maqondana Olomouc, ukuhlangabezana Army of the 4th Front Ukraine. Amabutho ezisele (Guards 1st ngomshini abakhwele amahhashi iqembu Pliev, Army 46th kanye Guards 7th) echithwa ukuzivikela. Eme phambi kwaleso wokugodla 23 Tank Corps. Kusukela lomoya, amasosha emhlabathini ababenza yokukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945, i-flank kwesokudla, asekelwe 5 th Air Army.

Sokusongwa

Ukukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945 wenziwa elula 1220 ikhilomitha. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-May, iqhaza ekuqhubeni ezintathu Front Ukraine 20 izingalo kuhlanganiswe (phakathi kwabo kwakukhona amabili Romanian Polish), 3 no-3 wamabutho ithangi emoyeni, 5 armored, abagibela amahhashi amabutho ngomshini futhi ngomshini abakhwele amahhashi iqembu. Isibalo amasosha aseSoviet kudlulwe undlovukayiphikiswa ngesibalo esingaphezu kwengxenye. Isibalo amathangi kwaba cishe okufanayo. A inzuzo juqu ibutho yasekhaya kwadingeka wezikhali kanye zezindiza. Kube emithathu isikhathi bokuphakama yethu. Ngenxa evumayo lempi jikelele futhi isimo sezombangazwe, ngenxa sikulesikhathi ku front line amasosha aseSoviet ngo-isikhathi esifushane ayichitha yokukhululwa eCzechoslovakia ngo-1945.