Ukulungiswa: wukuthi kuyini lokho? ukulungiswa Psychological and Pedagogical

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka kukholakala ukuthi yokufunda - kuyinqubo kancane elawulwa noma engalawuliwe. A ezihlukahlukene izindlela zokufundisa kanye nezikole kwakhiwa isimiso izaqathe kanye isixha sezinsaba namuhla akuyona wamukelekile, ngoba kubhekwa akusebenzi futhi ukungasebenzi kahle. Futhi ezimweni eziningi zanamuhla pedagogy ukulungiswa - lena cishe indlela kuphela ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Psychology futhi Pedagogy eRussia

Ngokuphathelene Western amasevisi ngokwengqondo emakethe kungashiwo ukuthi kwenziwe izilinganiso namalayisensi bengqondo imisebenzi ubeka izinto ngononina. E-US, ukulungiswa kwengqondo - lena ngempela isakhiwo asethuthukile lapho psychoanalysts futhi Gestalt zokusebenza kwengqondo coachers ukwazi imisebenzi namalungelo abo nezibopho amakhasimende abo. ERussia, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kubhekwa "umngane lehora", okuyinto mhlawumbe asize, noma mhlawumbe hhayi ...

"Kwabantu abadala" Psychology: esiyikho okungalungile ngokukhetha sokusebenza kwengqondo?

Can ingahlukaniswa zokusebenza kwengqondo sebuningini amaphrofayli. Nokho, kulesi sihloko ukuze uthole bezibona kangcono izinto kungcono ukuthatha ngezigaba elula uqhubeke kusukela lokuthi kukhona ochwepheshe "omdala" futhi "ingane." Kwehlukanisa ngeenqhema, kulula ukukhuluma mayelana esebenza izigaba ezimbili zabantu. Kuyinto, ngokufanele, ezimele futhi banesibophezelo sezenzo zabo (abadala) kanye non-okuzenzakalelayo (izingane) ngabanye. Ukuze siqonde ukuthi siphathelene nani wezifo salokhu noma isigaba amakhasimende, nokuthi akudingeki ukuba sicabangele yimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ukwelashwa.

Abaningi ukuphila kuholela esimweni lapho umuntu siqala ukuba nokholo lokuthi laye ngokwakhe nezinkinga zabo musa uyiphatha, ngabe kungcono ukucindezeleka, uthando unrequited noma izinkinga zezimali. Yingakho abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukulungiswa ngokwengqondo - kuyinto iyikhambi ukungaphumeleli. Abadala abafuna usizo izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, uzoluthola, ngakho ukukusho, a "Umhlahlandlela" kucace ukuthi ubonisa ukuthi impumelelo empilweni. Nokho, lesi simiso ubudlelwane emakethe predetermines ukwehluleka imikhankaso lolu hlobo lobuciko. Iqiniso lokuthi amangqamuzana ethu sesinomkhuba isimo esikhona manje, okungase libhekene ibinzana "ukukhokha imali - uthola izimpahla". Lo mkhiqizo, kuleli cala - ibhalansi ngokomqondo, nokwagcina kuholela agcizelele impumuzo, ukuxazulula izinkinga. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu yilona khambi elidingekayo "umkhiqizo umphefumulo", okuyinto kwaba futhi kufanele ubone onguchwepheshe. Lapho abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kuyindlela bafinyelele imigomo yabo, bese baqinisile!

Ukulungiswa - kungcono ... umkhiqizo?

"! Ngo umzimba ophilile - ingqondo enempilo" Isiqubulo abasubathi zokusebenza kwengqondo zichaza lesi: "Ingabe ingqondo enempilo - umzimba kakhulu uzolulama." Kodwa physiologists nazo zonke Uzonikezwa jikelele: ". Konke kuhlobene" Futhi, okumangalisayo akukho engenabulungisa phakathi lezi zazi ezinhlobeni ezihlukene umsebenzi. Kodwa uma konke ilula futhi kuyaqondakala, kungani namuhla abantu abaningi kangaka abangajabule - futhi ngesizathu esihle - sibalo sakhe? Noma kokuba nenkinga ngokwengqondo?

Impendulo ilula: ukuthenga lezi zinto ezimbili akuzona ngakho elula. Ngokwesibonelo, wafika ejimini, kakhulu ukuba Bathuthuka ngokushesha futhi akazange ukuthole, uye endlini yakho. Isimo esifanayo ne emakethe amasevisi ngokwengqondo ukuthi silindela okukhulu kakhulu kusukela sokusebenza kwengqondo yakhe khashana khohlwa ukubala ngokwakho unqobe ubuvila, ubuhlungu iqiniso futhi umuzwa nokuziqhenya. Ngakho ukuthola ukulungiswa, kanye ukulungiswa yentuthuko - inqubo ngendlela ekabili. Lapha sidinga ukubuyiselwa esusela professional kanye ohlangothini iklayenti.

Futhi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi lapho wezifo ubeka umuntu phambi Eqinisweni, ukuthi kuyodingeka uxazulule izinkinga ngokwakho, abaningi baphetha ukuhluleka okhokhelwayo. Kodwa eqinisweni kuvela ukuthi akanalo ilungelo ukugxambukela ezimpilweni zethu siqu, futhi umthwalo ivuliwe ukubukeka okwesikhathi lezinkinga.

Uma iklayenti akuyena obangela

It lihlukile zokusebenza kwengqondo ukusebenza pre-school kanye ukutlolisa eenkolweni. ukulungiswa Pedagogical - uhlobo inqubo nokuxhumana, lapho kabasebabili (omdala-sokusebenza kwengqondo), kodwa ezintathu-level (komzali nengane sokusebenza kwengqondo). ukuqeqeshwa zokulungisa ubhekwa indlela lesichubekako inqubo ingane inkositini izinto ezintsha. Le nqubo ngeke ukulungiswa impahla eyodwa kuphela, njengoba kunjalo ngezifundo lokufundiswa, futhi ukuhlaziya yakhe, kucatshangelwa izici namakhono lolwazi ingane. Bese ukuba ukugcwalisa ifomu elula isitshudeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu Paradigm kusebenza kokubili emvelo / wesayensi womuntu, futhi ulwazi ngobulili ngokusebenzisa imfundo bebonke.

Umncintiswano kwezingane

Isidingo kwetinsita tekufundza kungenxa izinto eziningi. Kodwa omkhulu kubo - ukusiza ingane ijahe noma zikufice ontanga ekuthuthukisweni. Njengoba okuningi njengoba kungase kuzwakale ezinzima, umncintiswano izingane senzeka ifomu baqinisa amakhanda kunokuba kwabadala. Futhi uma umuntu omdala, behluleka angasebenzisa athuthukile eminyakeni izindlela ukuzivikela, umntwana, ngenxa yokungabi bikho mishini ishiywe wedwa nezinkinga zabo. lokhu kuvame ukuholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele: muntu ivaliwe ucindezelekile, uku-nokucindezeleka, okungabangelwa izinto ezithinta impilo esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa ingxenye embi kakhulu wukuthi mibandela ingathola isizinda futhi uhlale naye ukuphila. Zonke ososayensi ngokwengqondo bavumelane yokuthi nokushintshwa ingane kube ngcono noma sibi kulula kakhulu kunezinye omdala. Ukulungiswa - kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi, kanye esimweni ingane nayo idinga leso sinyathelo futhi kwakhiwa paternalnogo indlela.

Indlela "ukukhuthaza" ingane phambili?

Umsebenzi abazali nothisha endaweni sokuqala siwukuthola ukuthi iyini izimo inhlekelele yama-ingane. Kungase kube kuningi, futhi kuye le mali Uhlelo enqunyiwe nangokwazi okwengeziwe zokulungisa. Akunjalo ngempela ukunikezela umntanakhe ekuhlolweni, okuyinto ethanda ukubaphilisa. Amakilasi kanye nemihlangano yokufundisa ngempela ozuzayo ifomu ukudlala futhi ekhululekile wengane akalamukelanga njengoba ukushaywa njalo esikoleni. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, umkhuba owawuvame, njengoba ukulungiswa inkulumo. Kungaba kwesifundo kungasetjenziswa njengokuhlola yisicefe futhi kumnandi oluxube art zokuhlobisa. Lena ngenye yezindlela yokuphathwa art owakhiwa okulandelayo incazelo futhi umfanekiso izithombe noma incazelo ye-iphethini esiphelele. Ngesisekelo abezwa inkulumo Umeluleki "kunzima" ngoba imisindvo ingane senziwa uhlelo umdvwebo futhi uziqaphele lapho uphimisela amagama, kulandele ukulungisa imiphumela.

izinkinga njalo ezinganeni, noma ehlezi etafuleni ingane yakho?

Ukutadisha onobuhle ezahlukene uthisha kanye nobuhlobo wengane ukwenza intuthuko enqubeni Pedagogical. Manje kunenkolelo ukumuncwa kwe-ezibonakalayo kuphela ikghono yomfundi, kodwa futhi okwenzeka uthisha. Manje othisha budedengu awukwazi bathethelele yayo ukwehluleka ongaphakeme ezingeni kwezobuhlakani umfundi, ubuntu bakhe ngisho ezinye izimbangela zangaphandle.

Ngokwesibonelo, izingane abadinga umbono ukulungiswa. Lokhu isibonelo ngempela ubudala futhi lusaqhubeka "impi" phakathi othisha nabazali. Futhi kuthathela isikhashana sasivumela engalimazi: the zihlalo lokuqala izingane ekilasini. Izingane Umenyiwe ahlale etafuleni nganoma iyiphi indawo ekahle. Kunengqondo, ungakhathazeki ... Nokho, kamuva kuvela ukuthi abanye abafundi ehlezi kude ebhodini, kahle izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu, ngoba abakwazi ukubona. Inkinga kungaba abaqothule 'ukujama' uma uthisha wayebheke phambili ikhadi impilo ezigcemeni zabo nezingane ohlezi, unikezwa nokucija umbono wabo. Kodwa kwaze kwafika ukuthi intuthuko kuphela izikole ezimbalwa yangasese lonke icala, njengenjwayelo, ukubeka "busebenze."

Lokho odlulela phambili

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izidingo ingane ngeke kube lula kakhudlwana esikhathini esizayo. Phambi kwezingane - esizayo abadala - ukubeka imisebenzi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezihlobene ne-inqubekela-phambili yesayensi lwezobuchwepheshe. Lezo zikole ukuthi ziqeqeshwe ukuze zikwazi izinhlelo ezindala, kuyoba aphume mncintiswano ngenxa irrelevance yolwazi ngocansi ezinganeni. Bona bahlolwe Russian isitifiketi ekomidini, ukuze yonke ithanda endinganisweni efanayo. Ngokuvamile kukhona amahlazo elihlobene ne ingcindezi phezu ingane: thatha, isibonelo, imfundo ngokomzimba esikoleni esiphakeme, okuhlanganisa iqoqo amakilasi "umzimba ekwakheni". Lena elifanayo, okuyinto Nokho, akuwona wonke umuntu ongase akwazi balukhulume ngenxa yezizathu subjective. ku uthisha nokucindezela kwezikhulu esikoleni nabazali nge eminye eshubisa isimo, futhi isivuno kulesi simo - zokwenqaba ephelele ingane kusukela ezemidlalo imisebenzi zokuzithokozisa (yokukhululwa).

Nokho, izingane akekho umuntu unelungelo ukushayela ngohlaka ezinjalo. Njalo ingane uhlukile futhi ivame ukuba ikhono lakhe ensimini ezithile zomsebenzi noma isayensi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Pushkin futhi Einstein ngesikhathi sakhe wathola Trika ka sithakazelo esitheni yizikhonzi zabo. Kodwa ngenxa nje kwaqondana, bafinyelela phezulu kakhulu, futhi amagama abo babé yaba undabuzekwayo. Futhi manje izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo eziningi nabafundisi abasebenza sendlela kabusha kwalezi zimo futhi kusebenze indlela ingane wokudala endaweni ethile ubuchwepheshe.

I jikelele emakethe kwetinsita tekufundza

Okwamanje kuyanda izikhungo, kuphezulu isici okuyinto ukulungiswa nomphakathi. Lena amasu isethi psihokorrektiruyuschih ukusiza emsebenzini yokufunda lezingane zesikole kanye ezasenkulisa. Lokhu isiqondiso kuyingxenye ebalulekile kumuntu ngamunye kithi, owawusekelwe kwemvelo. Uma okhokho bethu bengakwazanga ukufunda, babengayikuyibethela lasinda zasendle. Ngakho-ke, umfundisi ongenalwazi, othi ingane yokufunda umane olungisisa kungasetjentiswa ngalokufanako. Yebo, eziningi abantwana zasenkulisa kanye abasesikoleni ngokuvamile kudingeka imfundo izikhungo ekhethekile. Kodwa ukusho ukuthi ingane akakwazi ukufunda utho - kuba bugebengu.

Lesi sikole kumele uye phambili

Esikhathini uhlelo echazwe ngaphambilini of "komzali nengane-sokusebenza kwengqondo" kunemibandela ungakwazi ukwengeza isixhumanisi esisodwa nje: School. ukulungiswa Psychological and Pedagogical - inchubo lapho esikhathini esizayo kufanele kufake othisha, okukuye umfundi kuwuthinta. Ikhumbula izici ngamunye umfundi futhi isethulo kwezingxenye ngokuhambisana kubo - isihluthulelo sempumelelo kwetinhlavu umuntu aphumelele. On iplanethi enguMhlaba akuyona akanamandla izingane! Kukhona izingane kuphela kabani amakhono abangazange okwamanje ukuvulwa ngoba asizange wafunda indlela yokukwenza. Emakhulwini amabili eminyaka edlule, isintu kwakubonakala izinto kumnandi ezifana indiza noma ukudluliselwa umsindo ngokusebenzisa izintambo ... Kwazi bani ukuthi eziphakeme siyafika esikhathini esizayo? ..

Ukulungiswa - indlela impumelelo!

Ukugeleza ulwazi lo mfundi osemncane njenge-spring fresh, babe nempumelelo kumiswa enamadwala. Sidinga ukukhombisa "intwasahlobo" entsha eya ulwazi emfuleni, uyifundise ukwenza isendleleni: ugaye egwadle isayensi futhi ugweme izithiyo ziye zaba indlela yokufunda!