Ukuphuca idatha banikele: Uhlolojikelele, izici kanye nokuzikhethela ubuchwepheshe

Ukuze uguqule i billet abavamile ibe into efanelekayo inqubo esetshenziswa turning, Milling, ukugaya kanye nezinye imishini. Uma Milling luyadingeka yokukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezifana amagiya, ukusika izimbotshana ke turning asetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye ezingaphezu elula ubanikeze ukuma ofiselekayo (Isigaxa, isilinda, indilinga). izimo ukusika abaluleke kakhulu ngokuyeka, ngoba, isibonelo, metal frangible kudingekile ukusebenzisa engezansi ijubane ukujikeleza kunokuba okuhlala.

Izici kokuphenduka

Ukuze dweba inxenye ethile kwi lathe, bavame ukusebenzisa bezihlahla. Eza ezinguqulweni ezahlukene futhi zihlukaniswa uhlobo lokwelashwa, isiqondiso yokudla ukuma ikhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abagawula zenziwa ngezinto ezahlukene: ingxubevange steel, i-carbon, ithuluzi, ngesivinini, tungsten Carbide.

Kukhethwa incike impahla workpiece, injalo futhi indlela ukugaywa. Ukuphuca idatha ye turning ngempela ikhumbule zonke lezi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Ngokuyeka workpiece iqinile e othini lokuphotha, Senza ukunyakaza main yokunyathelisa. I caliper isethelwe ithuluzi ukucubungula, futhi feed ukunyakaza zenziwa ngokuqondile kubo. Kuye umshini Ungasingatha kokubili imininingwane emihle kakhulu futhi ezinkulu.

Izakhi eziyinhloko

Yini tincenye izimo cutting for turning ingasetshenziswa? Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kokuphenduka - akuyona ukusebenza lula kakhulu, izakhi zalo eziyinhloko njalo - ijubane, ikolitayi ukujula, ububanzi kanye ukushuba. Zonke lezi nemingcele ngokuyinhloko ixhomeke ekutheni okokusebenza workpiece kanye nosayizi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane encane kakhulu, ezifana ukusika ngesivinini kuyakhethwa ephansi, ngoba ngisho 0.05 amamilimitha angu ngubani ngephutha usike, kungaholela emshadweni yonke ingxenye.

Libuye izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sithole choice of ukusika izimo banikele izinyathelo ngalo senziwa. Cabangela izici eziyisisekelo futhi ukuzisika metal izinyathelo kabanzi.

Roughing, kanye yokuqedela

Ukuguqulwa workpiece wento kudingekile - inkiyankiya yenkinga futhi kukhathaza. It ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezithile: roughing, futhi aliqede. Uma into ilula, Lesisemkhatsini (poluchistovoy) esiteji ngokuvamile hhayi kunakwe. In the isinyathelo sokuqala (anolaka) imininingwane lidlulisele ukuma edingekayo kanye Ubukhulu eseduze. Kulokhu, qiniseka ukushiya izibonelelo umphetho ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, workpiece enikeziwe: D = 70 mm no-L = 115 mm. Ngoba kubalulekile ukuqoba ngokuningiliziwe, usayizi, okokuqala akukhona lokho _1, D = 65 mm, L ₁ = 80 mm, kanti eyesibili - D ₂ = 40 mm, L ₂ = 20 mm.

Roughing kuyoba kanje:

1. Isiqeshana ukuqeda 14 mm.
2. ubukhulu ngomshini kuwo wonke obuphelele 66 mm
3. Inst ubukhulu yesibili D ₂ = 41 mm at ubude 20 mm.

Kulesi sigaba, singabona ukuthi into ayizange icutshungulwe ngokugcwele, kodwa eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ezakheke kanye nosayizi. A imvume ubude futhi ngayinye diameters afika ku 1 mm.

Finishing le ngxenye kuyoba okulandelayo:

1. Ukuhluza ukuphela ilungiswe ne maholoholo kunesidingo.
2. Kwenziwe ngomshini kanye ubude 80 mm ububanzi 65 mm.
3. Qalisa sekugcineni turning ubude 20 mm ububanzi 40 mm.

Njengoba sesibonile, yokuqedela kudinga ukucacisa esiphezulu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, futhi ijubane ahlabayo kuwo buzoba buncane.

Kanjani ukuqala ukubala

Ukuze abale imodi ahlabayo, okokuqala udinga ukukhetha impahla ithuluzi. It kuzoncika impahla workpiece kanye nohlobo kanye esiteji processing. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zama-practical bezihlahla kubhekwe lapho ingxenye ukuzisika akuwona esikhiphekayo. Ngamanye amazwi, kudingeka kuphela ukukhetha indaba ka elidlula uwafake ku- ithuluzi ahlabayo. Imodi elihle kunawo nguye lapho izindleko lento ekhiqizwa kuyoba aphansi. Ngakho, uma ukhetha okungalungile ahlabayo ithuluzi, kungenzeka ukuba aphule, futhi lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngakho unquma kanjani amathuluzi adingekayo kanye nemibandela ahlabayo ngokuyeka? Ithebula elingezansi kuzokusiza ukhethe ithuluzi best.

I ukushuba we ungqimba ahlabayo

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ngamunye ukucutshungulwa izinyathelo kudinga olunembile. abaluleke kakhulu ngalezi zinkomba kuba ukubala ukushuba phuca ungqimba. Ukuphuca idatha ye turning ukuqinisekisa Ukukhetha lamanani elilungile kakhulu ngemininingwane vytachivaniya. Uma sidebeselela kubo futhi bangenzi ukubala, kungenzeka ukuba aphule ithuluzi yokwehlisa kanye into uqobo lwayo.

Ngakho, okokuqala udinga ukukhetha ukushuba we ungqimba phuca. Lapho ithuluzi sidlula eyinsimbi, enquma ingxenye yayo. I ukujiya noma ukunquma (t) ukujula - ibanga ukuthi ithuluzi kuzosusa e pass olulodwa. Kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ukuthi post-ukucutshungulwa ngamunye kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubala ukusika izimo. Ngokwesibonelo, enze zangaphandle kokuphenduka izingxenye D = 33,5 mm Ububanzi D ₁ = 30.2 mm yangaphakathi isidina kwegodi d = 3.2 mm d ₂ = 2 mm.

Ngayinye imisebenzi sibalo kwezimiso ukusika kuzohluka phakathi turning. Ukuze ukubala we cut, ububanzi ukucutshungulwa ezidingekayo ukujula ngemva nekususa ububanzi workpiece futhi hlukanisa imali yazo ngo ezimbili. Ngo Isibonelo sethu sasiyoba kuphi:

t = (33,5 - 30,2) / 2 = 1,65 mm

Uma diameters kukhona umehluko mkhulu kakhulu, isibonelo 40 mm ke, njengoba umthetho, kumele zihlukaniswe 2, futhi nenombolo okuholela inombolo ayishiyile, kanye nokujula kumelwe ilingane amamilimitha angu ezimbili. Lapho kokuphenduka anolaka ungakhetha ka Imi ukujula kusuka 1 kuya ku-3 mm, kuyilapho yokuqedela - kusuka 0.5 kuya 1 mm. Uma ukusikwa wenziwa ukuphela kwamanzi, ukushuba we impahla kuyasuswa kuyoba ka Imi ukujula.

Ukuqokwa supply lemali

Ukubalwa ukusika izimo ngokuyeka engacabangeki ngaphandle lemali ukunyakazisa ngethuluzi lokusika ngesikhathi izinto inzuzo - ukugeleza (S). ukukhetha kwakho kuncike degree edingekayo Ezimisele ukunemba nokuthola maholoholo ka workpiece, uma aqeda. Lapho roughing kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ukugeleza esiphezulu ngesisekelo amandla impahla kanye rigidity yokumiswa yayo. Khetha ukugeleza oyifunayo angasebenzisa itafula ngezansi.

Ngemva S likhethiwe, kubalulekile ukucacisa emshinini iphasiphothi.

isivinini ahlabayo

Kubaluleke kakhulu, ezithinta izimo ukunqamula kokuphenduka ijubane ahlabayo (v) nesivinini lokuphotha (n). Ukuze ukubala Inani lokuqala besebenzisa ifomula:

V = (π x D x n) / 1000

lapho π - pi elilingana 3.12;

D - ubukhulu esiphezulu izingxenye;

n - ijubane uthi lokuphotha.

Uma ukubaluleka zokugcina uhlala ingashintshiwe, ijubane ukujikeleza uyakuba mkhulu elikhulu ububanzi we preform. Lokhu ifomula kufanelekile uma kudiski ijubane ukujikeleza, kungenjalo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ifomula:

_v = (C v x K _v) / (T _m x t x S),

lapho t S - kakade ibalwa ahlabayo ukujula feed, C _v, K _v, T - okuza sincike izakhiwo mechanical begodu nesakhiwo impahla. Amanani yabo ingase ikhishwe e amatafula ukusika izimo.

izimo Calculator ahlabayo

Ngubani kungasiza ukwenza ukubala ukusika izimo lapho ngokuphenduka? izinhlelo Online at izinsiza eziningi inthanethi ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo lo msebenzi ungcono kunendoda.

Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa Umbuso indawo njengoba ikhompyutha umile noma ocingweni. Ziyakwazi ukhululekile kakhulu futhi asidingi amakhono ezikhethekile. Emkhakheni kubalulekile ukungena namagugu adingekayo: okuphakelayo, ka cut, indaba workpiece kanye ngethuluzi lokusika ukujula, kanye zonke Ubukhulu obudingekayo. Lolu chungechunge luyonikeza izibalo oluphelele futhi okusheshayo yonke idatha edingekayo.