Idiphozi Bovanenkovo. gas field Bovanenkovskoye

Yamal kuyinto lwamasu OAO "Gazprom" neRussia baliklasi lonkhe esifundeni lapho bagxila abacebe ezifakwa kawoyela negesi. Lapho elaseSoviet Union enhlonhlweni ngokuyinhloko eyenziwa ukuhlola indawo, ukukhiqizwa asebenzayo we hydrocarbon akuyona olwenziwa. Konke kwashintsha ngo-2006, lapho kwaba isinqumo amasu ku nokuthuthukiswa kwemithombo komhlaba yeNhlonhlo Yamal.

Incazelo emfushane

26 Amasimu sitholwe izazi zokuma komhlaba Russian kule nhlonhlo elikhulu Russia, pose izinqolobane engenakulinganiswa ka imithombo ecebile yezinto zemvelo. sikawoyela ukuyithola Kulinganiselwa ukuba alandise amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-291, igesi - 10.4 isigidintathu ^m3 condensate - amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-250. Priority ezothuthukiswa Bovanenkovo ensimini (kanye Kharasaveyskoye). Liqukethe ingxenye kuphela Yamal igesi (5.8 isigidintathu m ³⁾ futhi engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-100 igesi condensate.

igesi Bovanenkovo condensate ensimini

On amasheya hydrocarbon oluyingozi Bovanenkovo uwoyela negesi condensate idiphozi kubhekwa wesithathu (4.9 isigidintathu m ³⁾ ku ukubaluleka Russian Federation eyesihlanu emhlabeni. Ngokusemthethweni, ukukhiqizwa gas waqala 23.10.2012.

Ukuze 2013th Unyaka gasman asuswe kuya 60-emithonjeni ³ 22.8 cubic metres of gas, ukufakwa esakhiwe ukulungiselela eziyinkimbinkimbi has a amandla kakhulu kunalokhu --30 cubic metres ^3. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba eminye ukwandisa umkhiqizo, ukwakha imithombo emisha. ukukhiqizwa sekukonke iphrojekthi ezingeni 115 bhiliyoni ^m3 enikeziwe isofthiwe. Ethutha gas uhlelo Bovanenkovo - Ukhta eminye ebambe edolobheni Torzhok.

iphrojekthi opharetha

Nokho, i-Peninsula Yamal kumephu selivela into encane expanses enkulukazi Russia, ukubaluleka kwezomnotho yesifunda ezibaluleke kokuvamile. Akumangalisi ekuthuthukiseni izinsiza zemvelo kule nhlonhlo abathintekayo nenkampani enkulu kunazo zonke kuleli zwe - "Gazprom".

Ikhasimende ukusebenzisa utshalomali project "Ukuthuthukisa ezifakwa Cenomanian-Aptian we Bovanenkovo igesi condensate ensimini" esikhathini esizayo by opharetha zokukhiqiza igesi izindawo esibekiwe inkampani "Gazprom ezimayini Nadym" (PAU). umklami Jikelele - JSC "VNIPI-Gasproduction" - ngoDisemba 2007, athuthukiswe futhi enikeziwe e HDN umkhicito wekugcina.

Yamal Bovanenkovo ensimini

Yonke inqubo msebenzi ngempumelelo, izinhlelo zethu yaqhuma emva ukuvunyelwa isinqumo uhlaka OJSC "Gazprom". Le phrojekthi sihlinzekela ukwakhiwa ezintathu agcina igesi eziyinkimbinkimbi (GPP). Industrial imithombo has amayunithi 775 zib ezihlabayo 56. Ukukhiqizwa igesi esiphezulu ngeke azisizi 115 bhiliyoni m ³ ngonyaka, isikhathi zokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo iminyaka 10. Phakathi naso sonke ukusebenza umjikelezo Bovanenkovskoye ensimini kulindeleke ukukhiqiza 2.657 ³ trillion cubic metres of gas.

Ukuqoqa igesi kusukela amaqoqo igesi kahle ngaphambi kokufaka CPG eyalo ubukhulu iphayiphi 426 no-530 mm ubude ingqikithi 391,5 km. Ukuvimbela kumiswa hydrate parallel abekwa metanoloprovody igesi ukuhlangana abaqoqi.

ingqalasizinda

Kusukela 2006, osonkontileka ukwakhiwa ayenziwa ngaphambi amadoda yeNhlonhlo Yamal. Imephu Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, izigodi zokuhlala. Endaweni ye Bovanenkovo inkambu ngenkuthalo kuyakhiwa igunya ingqalasizinda ezibucayi, kwengqalasizinda kanye ezokuthutha, ahloselwe ukuqinisekisa ukwakhiwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukukhiqizwa gas, ukulungiswa Bovanenkovo igesi condensate ensimini futhi ekusebenzeni idiphozi phakathi naso sonke isikhathi wokusebenza.

ngo-2007 kuphela kwathiwa wasungula izinto 36, phakathi okuyinto uhlu eziphawuleka ngokukhethekile kuhlanganisa:

• iziteshi umlilo;
• ukwelashwa amanzi, amapayipi endle izindawo;
• ukujikeleza eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlala;
• umnyango Base ukunikezela ukusebenza.

izinto Industrial

Ngokuhambisana evunyiwe uhlelo lokutshalwa kwezimali ka OAO "Gazprom" ngo-2008, kwangena 29 igunya zokwakha, shift izidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi amandla plant uqobo, ngamandla umugqa 110 kV, kanye nengqalasizinda yezokuthutha Kharasavey emzaneni.

Eyala igesi wokutakula base station Workover Rig bavunyelwe ukuletha Bovanenkovo igesi condensate izinkampani enkonzweni yasensimini wokwakha futhi kabusha ngaphambili yamba imithombo.

Ngo 2009-2010, i-Bovanenkovo ensimini usezuze izakhiwo ezintsha. ukunakwa okuningi sakhokhwa ukwakhiwa izinhlelo, kuhlobane ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa gas, hydrocarbon belungiselela ezokuthutha. Okwamanje, ngenkuthalo kokuba yamba emithonjeni, ekwakheni izakhiwo ye GPP.

nemisebenzi ezintsha

Nge ekuqaleni ukuthuthukiswa Yamal, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kwi asebenzayo Bovanenkovskoye ensimini, wembula izinkinga eziningi nge ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwezikhungo. Kwadingeka ngisebenze ezimweni esiphelweni ezineqhwa, ukuhlakazeka, eyiqhwa. izimo eyinkimbinkimbi eyiqhwa ezingakaze zibe khona., ibanga ukusuka amabhizinisi embonini yezokwakha kanye esingesihle ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha ukubeka wonke amasevisi kanye nesidingo sokwenza ngcono tindlelanchubo ukuklanywa, ukwakhiwa kanye ne-operation ye-eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kwakudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukukhanga zobuchwepheshe, kwezomnotho kanye kwemvelo yephrojekthi.

gas field Bovanenkovo baba okuyisibonelo nezinkinga yentuthuko Yamal. Uhlelo olunzulu inqubomgomo emisha kuhlanganisa:

• ukusetshenziswa isakhiwo ubuchwepheshe siwethembe kakhudlwana izindawo gas field e nemibandela eyiqhwa;
• ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle yentuthuko ensimini;
• ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ephephile imali;
• ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe energy esisindisa;
• nokuvikelwa kwemvelo;
• ukusakazwa okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle emikhakheni ethembisa.

sinjalo ezishisayo

Okokuqala ochungechungeni ubuchwepheshe obusha kungenzeka ukubeka ekwakheni izakhiwo usebenzisa izinhlelo-umusi liquid njengoba sinjalo ezishisayo inhlabathi Iqhwa, ekubhekaneni ukusetshenziswa abandayo zemvelo. Ezimweni ezinzima geocryological Yamal lobu buchwepheshe inikeza isimo nomklamo lokushisa eqandisiwe phansi izisekelo futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa esiyingozi izakhiwo deformations eziphuthumayo.

Isicelo lobu buchwepheshe e estuarine esishintshashintshayo imithombo Bovanenkovskoye ensimini kusenza ukuvimbela incibilikiswa edwaleni ezineqhwa bedle uketshezi ukukhiqizwa. Thermostabilisation ezineqhwa eyiqhwa esishintshashintshayo wellhead igesi imithombo ngokuhlanganyela ikheshi ngci amapayipi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza imithombo abami ku ezahlukene nesenzakalo of izikopelo wellhead piping eyiqhwa isisekelo rose embankments.

idiphozi Bovanenkovo baba yindawo ekuhlolwa ubuchwepheshe ngekhulu xxi. Izindlela ngenxa ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ngesisekelo zemvelo usebenzisa umusi liquid ezishisayo kuqiniswa izinhlelo ahlinzeke izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• futhi izindleko nokuncipha metal elisekela ku-50% ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo kanye emabhilidini emhlabathini ngaphandle zewayini umoya;
• ezimbili Ukwehla ezintathu-emhlanjini ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa;
• ilawulwe ukuqinisekisa izimo ezishisayo eqandisiwe phansi izisekelo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuthembeka kwabo.

Intulo ihange yinqwaba

Esinye, akukho ubuchwepheshe kancane okubalulekile ukwakhiwa izisekelo yinqwaba isikulufa ihange. Smooth isisekelo metal amashubhu, ebisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni Western eSiberia, asiphelele. Banezinhliziyo ongaphakeme eziveza umthamo, ukumelana ongaphakeme e Iqhwa, ukusetshenziswa impahla kanye nezinye nemibi. Ukusetshenziswa isikulufa ihange yinqwaba has izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• okwandisa ukumelana amabutho tangential frost wokuphakanyiswa;
• nokwehlisa izisekelo impahla kanye isikhathi ukwakhiwa;
• ukwanda 2-3-ngeshumi izimfanelo umthwalo eziveza of yinqwaba nge nokuncipha ukucwiliswa ukujula 6 amamitha;
• UKUQINA izisekelo ezimweni ezinzima phansi;
• yokuntuleka izinqubo "ezimanzi" (ngokushesha ngemva kokumiswa inqwaba ilungele ukudluliswa design umthwalo);
• isicelo umfaniswano enqwabelanisa indlela ngaleso zikhathazeke (maqondana GEOCRYOLOGICAL) ukwakhiwa sites.

ensimini Bovanenkovo kumephu

Muva nje, emkhakheni Bovanenkovo kusho kuphela amabalazwe Geological njengoba ethembisa into igesi futhi umkhiqizo kawoyela esikhathini eside. Kuvulwe ngo-1971, i-sokuma Soviet Vadim Bovanenko, ayizange athuthukile, kusukela imizamo babegxile amakhulu (Yamburg futhi Urengoy) imali.

I Bovanenkovo ensimini Itholakala entshonalanga yeNhlonhlo Yamal. Pool kuyinto ngokuphelele umhlaba, okuyinto kusiza ukuthuthukiswa yayo. Umngcele wentshonalanga isayithi itholakala amakhilomitha amane ukusuka eGulf of Sharapov Shar (Kara Sea), East - eduze nendawo yonke le nhlonhlo. Ngo emfuleni ukukhiqizwa gas indawo egeleza naduy-Yaha, Se-Yaha futhi isifonyo-Yaha, okuyinto umnika ngenkani nezidingo elawula phezu ingxenye kwemvelo yephrojekthi.