UKUSETSHENZISWA: izifundo ayimpoqo ukuhlolwa

Njengoba uhlobo isimo Luhlolo sokugcina imfundo yesibili eminingana wasebenzisa Enobunye State Examination (UKUSETSHENZISWA). izifundo okuyimpoqo - Tibalo kanye nebudlelwane lobukhona isiRashiya. Kuqhutshwa iSifundo Se- isitifiketi lokugcina imithetho jikelele ukuthi sekukaningi ngaphansi izinguquko. Mayelana ngentuthuko yakamuva ye imithetho ezivamile futhi kuzoxoxwa ngani kulesi sihloko.

Mayelana nemithetho

UKUSETSHENZISWA (izinto amandla futhi izinto lokuzikhethela) Kwenziwa usebenzisa izinto ukulawula test (PCM), amelela a standard ifomu izakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinhlobo ezikhethekile ezidingekayo ukuba amphuzise izimpendulo lo msebenzi. Kuyadingeka ukuhlolwa izifundo, kanye izihloko kobuholi kuthathwe ngokubhala Russian, uma akusiyo ingxenye Izilimi zangaphandle ( "ukukhuluma").

Izivivinyo aphethwe eRussia nangaphandle kwayo ngohlelo olulodwa. Abahleli kukhona Rosobrnadzor nemizimba esiphezulu RF ngalezo zindaba ababonisa ukulawula sphere kumiswa (IVF). Ngaphandle kwezwe ukuthatha ukuhlolwa (izifundo adingekayo kanye electives) futhi Rosobrnadzor kanye abasunguli zezinhlangano zezemfundo eRussia, okuyinto zitholakala phesheya, babe isimo sokugunyazwa lesi nokwenza amahlelo asebenze ekwenzeni wokufundisa jikelele imfundo yesibili, kanye nezikhungo angaphandle Russian Ministry Foreign, okuyinto has a amayunithi kwesakhiwo ezikhethekile zemfundo.

Ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa

izifundo ayimpoqo kanye electives ukudlula abafundi abangenayo izikweletu zezemfundo wenza ngokugcwele lwezifundo ngazinye noma wabelane amamaki bafundzi kuto tonkhe tifundvo ngayo yonke iminyaka yokutadisha hhayi ngaphansi kuka egculisayo.

State luhlolo kokugcina zifanelekile ukuthatha ukuhlolwa ngesimo (isiRashiya kanye mathematics) izingane ezikhubazekile kanye nabantu abakhubazekile, kanye abafundi abakhubazekile babhaliswa ezikhungweni zemfundo kanye ekhethekile yohlobo izikhungo avaliwe, lapho wayedonsa isigwebo ejele.

Abafundi ezinhlelweni zemfundo ye sokufundela imfundo yesibili kukhona futhi ufaneleke ukuthola isitifiketi by ngesimo EGE (isiRashiya nezibalo ezingamaGreki, imfundo kanye izifundo yokuqokwa yokwamukelwa imfundvo lephakeme). Ilungelo elifanayo nikunikiwe abafundi ezikhungweni zemfundo of the Republic of eCrimea Sevastopol.

Revalidation futhi externae

Ilungelo izitifiketi ngesimo EGE iyatholakala futhi abathweswe iziqu zeminyaka eyedlule (nge amaphepha jikelele engenhla imfundo yesibili kuze 2013), kanye nalabo abafundi ngubani kahle izinhlelo wokufundisa sokufundela imfundo yesibili futhi babhaliswa ezikhungweni zemfundo ngale kwemingcele yakwa WaseRussia, ngisho noma Sine Imiphumela ukuhlolwa oluvumelekile eminyakeni yamuva.

Luyakwazi ukuhlolwa kanye nabantu kahle isimiso semfundo yesibili asebentisa tindlela letehlukene - imfundo umndeni nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano imfundo, noma ubani kahle izinhlelo ze-non-accredited zemfundo isimo. Abakwazi ngaphandle ukudlula DPA esikhungweni egunyaziwe zemfundo.

izinto

izifundo Kuyisibopho edlulisa ukuhlolwa - isiRashiya futhi izibalo. Kodwa-ke izinguquko yandiswe kuhlelwa ngo-2020. Okokuqala, ngokuvumelana inhloko eMnyango Wezemfundo Olgi Vasilevoy, kuphoqelekile zonke ukuhlolwa emlandweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuyimpoqo ukuhlolwa izifundo ngo-2020, cishe zihlanganisa izilimi zangaphandle nokuma kwezwe. Ngempela, futhi kungesemehlweni umlando wezwe ngeke bakwazi ukuhambisa ngempumelelo ize ikhule. Ingabe Geography isihloko okuyimpoqo ukuhlolwa, ayizange isinqumo, ngoba zonke ohlelweni olukhona luhlolo izobuyekezwa.

Nokho, ulimi lwesiNgisi njengoba isihloko okuyimpoqo ukuhlolwa (noma ezinye angaphandle), kungenzeka. Kunamaphuzu amaningana ezindaweni ngo-2020 kuzothatha ngale ndaba kwesithi emodini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2022, izwe uzolunga ukwenza ulimi luhlolo angaphandle okungenani ezikoleni, futhi manje ebangela umkhuba izivivinyo, ithuthukiswe uhlelo. Umlando njengoba isihloko okuyimpoqo umbuzo ukuhlolwa isivele cishe kuzenzakalele Ekuphetheni, kodwa ngeke kwenzeke, ngokuvumelana Olga Vasilyeva, hhayi ngaphambi 2020. Lena ingxenye yesithathu kuncike ayimpoqo.

Umlando geography

Olga Vasilyeva wenza izitatimende eziningi ku eNgqungqutheleni kaZwelonke ngomlando eRussia, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-February 2017, ekuthuthukiseni lemfundo kuleli zwe. Kuningi okuye kwashiwo mayelana ukuhlolwa labona 2020. Izinto ezingu edingekayo agcwaliswa. Uthe namuhla izingane ukudlula kuphela Tibalo kanye nebudlelwane lobukhona isiRashiya, kodwa kuncike wesithathu ukuhlolwa kufanele aqiniseke kumlando.

Wabuye wathi elalela zokubetha emsindweni umbono weningi mayelana DPA, okuyinto kudlule abafundi ngemva ibanga lesikhombisa, geography. izakhamuzi eziningi kakhulu afakazela ukwethulwa ukuzihlola okunjalo lapho kukhululwa esikoleni. Uhlu ayimpoqo izifundo ukuhlolwa nakanjani agcwalisiwe. Mhlawumbe, futhi geography uzongena inombolo yabo.

Ukuze ukungena imfundo ephakeme

Ngo-2009, zonke abafundi abasanda kuphothula umatikuletsheni ukuba wakuthola kanjani ukwaziswa okuphathelene edingekayo ukuhlolwa izifundo. Kwakumelwe isiRashiya futhi izibalo. Kulokhu, ngamunye kufanele zithole odinnadtsatiklassnik isilinganiso hhayi ngezansi Rosobrnadzor. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-yokwemukela izikole imfundo ephakeme abathweswe iziqu ukhetha ngokwakho izintwana ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Khetha kusuka kuloluhla lwelinanincane jikelele ukuthi zifakwe ohlwini ukuhlolwa. Zingaki izifundo ayimpoqo, isibonelo, kumelwe athathe odinnadtsatiklassnik mayelana ukuya eyunivesithi? Lokhu kuzoncika lunye abakhethiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo esizayo ezidingekayo ICT computer science.

Izabelo ukuhlolwa izibalo kungenzeka hhayi kuphela ukwenza kusengaphambili ngokuphelele, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, ngoba lokhu kukhona inthanethi olusemthethweni izinkinga evulekile amabhange. Njengoba le ndaba kuyinto impoqo, abaphothula ukwenza lokho kanye. Kodwa mathematics wezibalo ngokufanayo. Labo program esizayo ngeke ukuxazulula version eyisisekelo, kanye nephrofayili. EGE izibalo imisebenzi edinga ezingeni sephrofayela, Okwamanje, kuphela ulwazi inkambo esikoleni. Isayithi inyuvesi ekhethiwe cishe has a khulula demo ezibonakalayo, ezingashabalala isetshenziselwe self-ukuqeqeshwa.

uhlu

Izinto, kuhlanganise saziso, kukhethwa bangakakulungeli esikoleni yokwamukelwa eyunivesithi:

1. isiRashiya.

2. wezibalo iphrofayela futhi eziyisisekelo.

3. Chemistry.

4. Physics.

5. Komphakathi.

6. Umlando.

7. Ubuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana nekhompyutha isayensi.

8. Geography.

9. Biology.

10. Wezincwadi.

11. olunye ulimi (English, French, isiJalimane, iSipanishi).

Ukuze uthole ngesitifiketi sokuqeda esikoleni esiphakeme, udinga ukuthatha izifundo ayimpoqo ezimbili kuphela - isiRashiya futhi izibalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo yokuzithandela iziqu kungathatha azikhethele Iona kwanoma yiziphi izinto othile semfundo ephakeme ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko. Konke kuncike ezindaweni kuhlelwe ukuqeqeshwa, okungukuthi okukhethekile.

izinguquko

Ngoba ezweni akuzona uphanga, kodwa ezinqala izinguquko, awusebenzi akamthinti imfundo. Baningi izikhalazo ziye zanqwabelana eMnyango Wezemfundo kanye nesayensi phezu ingxenye labantu. Yiqiniso, kulesi simiso yokuhlolwa kunezinzuzo zako, ezifana inketho kuvinjelwe inkohlakalo kanye ukuzimela yekuhlola okuholela yolwazi. Kodwa eziningi minuses. It is kuhlelwe nge 2019 ukuthuthukisa indlela ukuhlolwa ukulethwa isivele izifundo eziyisithupha, kanye ukwandisa isibalo izitifiketi esikoleni sabaqalayo. Yiqiniso, kufanele ulwazi esikalini ehlelekile, ngakho abafundi baye bafunda amakhono ezithuthukisa umthwalo nokuhleleka.

I lokususa lenhlangano ekhona ukuhlolwa, abazali nothisha ubeke test ubunjalo ukuhlolwa. Abafundi abaningi nje uzama ukuqagela impendulo efanele. Lolu hlelo kuye kwadingeka eside njengoba esiyoshatshalaliswa, bafaka ifomu inhlolovo, okuyinto yayikhona kuze 2009. Yiqiniso, kudingeka ezazifundiswe, futhi vo ngaphambi kokuba yethulwe into entsha ohlelweni, ngoba, okokuqala, kumelwe uqonde ukuthi ukuze sithuthukise isimo ngayinye yalezi zinguquko.

Imigomo kanye nemisebenzi

Kuphethe ukuhlolwa e-Russian Federation, kanye ngaphandle linikeza uhlelo olulodwa. kuncike ngayinye zezemfundo has isikhathi ayo ngesikhathi luhlolo. Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation ngoJanuwari walo nyaka wakhipha isimemezelo, othi nesimiso esisodwa kanye nesikhathi ukuhlolwa ngamunye. Futhi, lapho kunikezwa lonke uhlu izinsiza latawudzingeka kwadingeka kwezinhlelo ukuqeqeshwa nokufundiswa, futhi zizosetshenziswa ngesikhathi ukuhlolwa.

FIPI (Federal Institute for Education Ukumeda) ekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi luhlolo (KIM), izakhiwo ie imisebenzi zifane, lapho zisebenzisa ukusetha ezingeni yentuthuko emazinga emfundvo. Isayithi FIPI tsheleka ukuba ufunde ingxenye demo ongakhetha ukuhlolwa sifundvo ngasinye, kanye imibhalo, okuyinto lokulawula lokucuketfwe nekuhlela le CMM - nazo zonke Codifiers futhi Ukucaciswa. Imisebenzi kungavunyelwa esiwe ku, futhi ngetimphendvulo letimfisha. Oral izimpendulo Luhlolo ngezinye izilimi zilotshiwe ngosizo wemidiya. Lesi sigaba ( "ukukhuluma") namanje njalo yokuzithandela.

umthwalo

isilawuli Imininingwane yokulinganisa izinto ezisetshenziswa isitifiketi isimo, ngeke sikwazi ukudalula ngoba kubhekisela ekwazisweni evinjelwe. Ngakho-ke, nalabo alethwe ukuziphatha ukuhlolwa, kanye nalabo abanikeza ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi somhlangano, yilona elizokhokha ukudalulwa kolwazi KIM ngokuhambisana nomthetho wabantu bonke Russian.

Uma ulwazi CMM lushicilelwe, isibonelo, kwi-Internet, kuzoba ubufakazi izimpawu ubugebengu lwezihloko 13,14 kanye 19,30 Ikhodi Administrative Amacala; 59, Ingxenye 11 uMthetho Federal of WaseRussia "Ngo wezeMfundo Russian Federation".

Imiphumela

State luhlolo kokugcina, okuyinto eyenziwa ngesimo EGE isebenzisa stoballnoy zonke uhlelo izifundo ukuhlolwa, ngaphezu ezingeni eliyisisekelo wezibalo. Eceleni sifundvo ngasinye isethwe inombolo okungenani amaphuzu, futhi uma umhlolwa unqobe lo nombundu, ukuthuthukiswa isimiso semfundo yabo jikelele eliphakathi ke uzobe ukuqinisekisile.

Lapho zithwetshulwa sekuqediwe ukuhlolwa amaphepha, imiphumela ukuhlolwa bafundzi kuto tonkhe tifundvo uyazicabangela usihlalo we naseThahipanehesi, bese unquma ukuyisingatha khansela, ukushintsha noma ngikwamukela kubo. Ukugunyazwa imiphumela senzeka lungakapheli usuku olulodwa ukusebenza emva kokuhlola zonke semaphepha eluhlolo.

izikhalazo

Uma iziqu examinee esikoleni esiphakeme is hhayi aneliseke isikolo sakho, angase, ezinsukwini ezimbili kusukela isaziso ngemiphumela ukuhlolwa ukuba ngilidlulisele ungavumelani. Kuyakuba zibhalwe futhi ngakhonza inhlangano yemfundo wanika yokwemukela ukuhlolwa le examinee.

Iziqu zeminyaka eyedlule kanye nezinye izigaba abahlanganyeli ukuhlolwa ungaphikisana endaweni yokubhalisa kwi kwezidingo noma abanye ukuthi akhonjwe esifundeni. Imiphumela ukuhlolwa ukuhlolwa ngamunye khona kuphela federal uhlelo ulwazi, futhi isitifiketi iphepha yazo enikeziwe. Ukuhlola isikhathi - iminyaka emine.

ukulethwa okuphindaphindiwe

Uma iziqu kulo nyaka, uthola umphumela kwenzakala ngezansi isikolo esincane noma yiziphi izifundo ayimpoqo, yena luyakwazi ukuhlolwa futhi - e nesimiso olulodwa imibandela eyengeziwe enikeziwe le njongo. Uma noma yimuphi isigaba ukuhlolwa umhlanganyeli ngeke bakwazi ukuthola amaphuzu okungenani ku kwezihloko wakhetha ukungena eyunivesithi, bese inike Hlala izobanjelwa kuphela ngemva konyaka.

Kusukela 2015, bonke abafundi bakwazi ukuthatha ukuhlolwa yezihloko ayimpoqo kuze kube kathathu (lokhu kwenzeka kuphela kubantu Tibalo kanye nebudlelwane lobukhona isiRashiya). Lokhu kungenzeka noma ezinsukwini esengeziwe uma wahlulwa into eyodwa kuphela, noma ekwindla (September-October). Kulo mBhalo, imfundvo lephakeme kakade awukwazi ukuthatha indawo ngoba zokukhokha edingekayo zidlulile, kodwa ipasipoti yomfundi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthola.