Wire ukugqwala: izinhlobo eziyisisekelo, wokugubha kanye nokusetshenziswa

kumelwe ubunjiniyela Harry Brearli obhekwe insimbi engagqwali. Ukungeza isici chemical metal ngokuthi chromium, wazama sifinyelele ukwanda lokushisa ukuncibilika. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza wezikhali imiphongolo. Phakathi kwalezi ucwaningo kwatholakala ukuthi ingxubevange okuholela has umehluko njengoba kuqhathaniswa nabanye. Zakhiwa e ukumelana amakhemikhali. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa ukwakheka phezu ifilimu ka chromium oxide.

ucwaningo Insimbi engagqwali waqala ngo-1871, kanti-patent lokuqala yabhaliswa kuphela ngo-1913. Okulingana yesimanje insimbi engagqwali elihlangabezana nazo zonke izimfuneko zokuhlala amandla futhi amakhemikhali izakhiwo, etholwe ngo-1924, ososayensi basesikhungweni Hartfield umndeni.

I umcondvo lobalulekile insimbi engagqwali

Ukubhekisela izincwadi noma ezinye steel ukugqwala ukumelana has notation ezilandelayo: "grade steel 08H18N10". Lokhu kusho therein okuqukethwe izinto ezilandelayo:

• carbon - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-0.8%;
• chromium - 18%;
• nickel - 10%.

Lokhu eziyisisekelo chemical izakhi, kodwa futhi ekhona ingxubevange nezinye ukungcola, okuqukethwe kwabo iphesenti akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-1%.

The main imikhiqizo insimbi engagqwali

Ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali imikhiqizo eliphezulu ezifana:

• engagqwali wire;
• steel ishidi ;
• amapayipi ezahlukene odongeni ugqinsi futhi ububanzi kwangaphakathi;
• izihloko okwenyanga.

Futhi abaningi imimese yasendlini futhi zonke izilimi ukudla ISIZINDA zenziwa kulokhu kwaziswa ethile.

Engagqwali Wire

Njenganoma iyiphi enye steel umkhiqizo wire ekhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso Russian zamanje.

It ulawula ukukhiqizwa ndaba ezifana wire engagqwali, GOST 18143-72. Ngokusho kwale dokhumenti, it has a ukushuba kusuka 0.3 kuya 6 kwangu.

ucingo enjalo ingase isetshenziselwe njengoba umkhiqizo wokugcina futhi kungenziwa olunye kusetshenzwe by ekubumbeni. Khona-ke ukuphuma kuso, sicela uthintane:

• chain links nosayizi,
• Igridi isinyathelo ezahlukene iseli,
• entwasahlobo.

Cross-ingxenye ucingo, ngokuvamile round, kodwa ungakwazi futhi ukuhlangabezana ukubukwa okusaqanda noma isikwele. kwesigaba Cylindrical iyasiza ngenkathi usebenzisa ukwaziswa inqubo Welding we steel efanayo engagqwali.

wire Insimbi has izinzuzo ezilandelayo esemqoka:

• amazinga aphezulu ukugqwala ukumelana umswakama, ezindaweni zezimboni nolaka futhi ukufingqa;
• wire ngokuqukethwe eliphezulu molybdenum, i-chromium, ne-nickel, ithusi, i-silicon vanadium has ukushisa eliphezulu ukumelana, ukuthembeka nokuqina kwayo.

Ukusetshenziswa engagqwali wire

Ngenxa esaphila isikhathi eside, ukumelana-esidi ane-alikhali, wire insimbi engagqwali iye kabanzi ngezindlela ezimbili:

• ijezi kule ngezintambo;
• Welding;
• Wathungela anezikhala zokuhlunga.

Wire ukugqwala, intengo zazo kuhluka ruble kilogram per 120 ku 350, kuye ngokuthi ukushuba nezici, lithole ukusetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana:

• yobunjiniyela;
• ugesi;
• lamafutha;
• chemical;
• ukudla.

Welding wire

Wide umkhakha chemical ukuthuthukiswa edingekayo ukudalwa metal Metallurgical uyakwazi nokugcina okusezingeni eliphezulu izakhiwo mechanical ezindaweni onakalisayo. Ngaphezu ukumelana yamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene edingekayo kwezinye izimboni ngisho izakhiwo lapho metal zingamelana ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu. Insimbi engagqwali ukuzixazulula eziningi imisebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa embonini yezokudla angeke abe impahla ezahlukene.

Izinga yesimanje processing kwemikhiqizo metal kwenza ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa konke lokhu ngeke akwenze ngaphandle emalungeni ashiselwe. Engagqwali wire isetshenziselwa imikhiqizo Welding imihlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi bavezwa ezindaweni nolaka.

Inzuzo main emimoya engagqwali Welding wire, wukuthi ngesikhathi zisebenzisa omhlophe webhola ashiselwe okumsulwa kakhulu, kungekho slags eziyingozi kanye inclusions parasitics. Ngokusebenzisa insimbi engagqwali ngokwayo impahla umphetho is bangaveziwe namachibi. Ukukhokhela kwalezi zimo ezinhle eyayikuzo wukuthi inqubo Welding kulokhu kubenzima, nezinto - komgwaqo.

Engagqwali wire isetshenziswa kuphela Welding othomathikhi. Wakhonza i Element othomathikhi, ngoba uqhuba.

Izoni arc ingena igesi zokuzivikela lapho displaces le oxidizers ngokusebenzisa le kukhona ephelele umphetho prosekanie futhi uxhumano kuzo zonke izingxenye.

I wire Welding is nilimaza endaweni emphongolweni wensimbi ubude okuqhubekayo amamitha 50. I ububanzi isilinganiso sigubhu kuyinto amamilimitha angu-50. Okuphakelayo nge Ukujikeleza lokuphotha kwenzeka wire ukuhlela le ohlobo ezimbili. Phakathi no-ukusika anemifantu etshekile, ngawo kukhona isango ukuqinisekisa wire sondle yona isibhamu Welding. Ngaphambi yayo engagqwali wire isilonda kahle bahlanza ebhuqwini ndaba angaphandle.

Ukumaka we wire Welding

Ngezintambo oluqanjwe ugingqe abandayo futhi kuyasebenza ashisayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-nasebenza - evamile futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Kulo mBhalo, ngemva akubiza kubakaki, uhlamvu P.

Wire ukugqwala has mshini ezimbili eziyinhloko - ezifuywayo angaphandle.

kophawu Russian ine umbono nezinombolo - 10X17H13M2T. I-oda esilandelayo izinhlamvu nezinombolo kusho yangaphakathi isakhiwo futhi amakhemikhali ukwakheka yayo. Izinombolo kunqunywa iphesenti isici esithile, futhi incwadi - element uqobo. Isifinyezo ngenhla ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• 0.1% carbon;
• chromium - 17%;
• nickel - 13%
• manganese - 2%
• incwadi T ibonisa ukuthi wire kuveza ukwelashwa ukushisa.

Izinga yaseYurophu ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ayinaso kophawu iyunifomu izindinganiso. Ngamunye nomkhiqizi steel lobunikazi ngezithako zawo.