Ukwelashwa ngemisebe umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa: nomthelela futhi ukusebenza

Lesi sifo Akekho osindayo, umdlavuza ingenye ezinzima kakhulu. Uma isikhathi akaboni udokotela, kungase kube nezinkinga ezinkulu. Khona-ke imithi kuphela akwanele lapha. Have iphendukele izenzo ezinkulu, okuyinto zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Ngo umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa, imithelela Ukungaqiniseki yayo. Yilokhu ngazo manje, kodwa kuqala ...

Kuyini ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Kuyinto ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kanye ezifanele pathologies oncological, ezihlanganisa umdlavuza wendlala. Kusekelwe ionizing emisebeni, esebenza ngenjongo kokubhubhisa amaseli onesifo kuphela, enempilo futhi awuvezi.

Mshini wezenzo:

• Ekushayweni ion siqondiswe lapho amangqamuzana equkethe amaseli amanzi lwesimila.
• Ngemva ukuchayeka ugongolo avele kubo, i-hydrogen peroxide kanye free radicals.
• Imikhiqizo okuholela ukuvimba umsebenzi amaseli onesifo nokukhula yabo nasekuvezeni izithombo zaso ezintsha.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa umdlavuza wendlala by ukwelashwa ngemisebe uncika futhi lokuthi ezizivelelayo asebenzayo futhi i-hydrogen peroxide luncike umzimba. Ayanda kuba, isimila ngenkuthalo inikwa amandla yi, okuyinto ke kuholela ekwandeni emiphumeleni elimazayo emisebeni kuso.

Le ndlela yokwelashwa sisetshenziswa nhlobo izigaba zesifo, kungakhathaliseki emkhakheni isitho ukulimala futhi basakaza of metastases. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa ngemisebe is wayisebenzisa emva ukususwa umdlavuza wendlala njengendlela agent prophylactic nokwelapha.

Kushisa bhé kule ndawo sibhekiswe amaseli isimila, ihlukaniswe ezimbili izinhlobo:

• wave - esekelwe gamma ray nakuma-X-ray,
• indlela corpuscular - yokwelapha i-proton, okubandakanya: emisebeni electronic, alpha ne-beta izinhlayiya, neutron nama-proton, emisebeni.

Kunezindlela ezintathu imiphumela ngemisebe yomdlavuza yilezi:

• kude;
• pin;
• interstitial.

ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha

Okwamanje, izinhlobo eziningana abe ukwelashwa ngemisebe umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa, imiphumela futhi ukuphumelela ukwelashwa incike kundlela lesi sifo:

1. Conformal. Isetshenziselwa kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona isidingo ephelele futhi iyunifomu ukugula ngemisebe lwesimila. Lwenza ukwakheka 3D-sithombe. Lokhu ucabangela zonke izicubu kanye izitho ukuthi eseduze. ion emisebeni kuthinte amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela, izitho yayinjalo nezicubu kukhona isekhona.
2. Ngomfutho modulated. Ugongolo okuyinto iqondiswe ku-isimila, ihlukaniswe zenziwe kancane kancane. Amandla ngamunye ukugeleza osabalalayo kuyinqubo ehlelwe kusengaphambili. Ngakho Umthelela main kuyinto wendlala amasayithi enempilo uthole umthamo elincane lemisebe ngenkathi kumaseli adala izifo.
3. Proton. Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Proton kuthinte amaseli onesifo kuphela, kodwa hhayi kuzo zonke izinhlobo inqubo enqunyiwe umdlavuza.
4. I-neutron. Isetshenziselwa uma ezinye izindlela musa asize.

teleirradiation

Izici yalolu hlobo emisebeni kukhona ukuthi unakho nethonya elilimaza hhayi kuphela amaseli onesifo phakathi nesimiso, kodwa futhi empilweni. Ukuze izinqubo usebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile, kuyasiza ulungise ubude amagagasi, egqugquzela ukunciphisa kunawo wonke esingawathola ray izenzo endaweni enempilo.

Lokhu imishini ephezulu ukucacisa, futhi isazi kungasebenza kuphela naye, abaqeqeshiwe. Uma umshini isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele, isiguli kungenzeka ngcono isimo sakho, kodwa kunalokho yenzani ke nakakhulu.

Okokuqala, ucwaningo olwenziwa, ngemva kwalokho eyakhelwe ivolumu indawo kwe-isimila, futhi ngaleso sikhathi udokotela uzama ukuthumela amaza omsakazo kuye.

uvumelanise sangaphandle yokwelapha umdlavuza wendlala Kwenziwa nsuku zonke noma ngokwesimiso sansuku elaliklanywe udokotela ukuba khona ngoba eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili amasonto.

yokwelapha Ibanga yena, ihlukaniswe ezimbili izinhlobo: fixed kanye mobile.

Uhlobo lokuqala simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Isiguli esimweni esithile.
• Kuthunyelwe kuye umthombo emisebeni (nakho kuyinto umile).

Eyesibili uhlobo, yeselula:

• Move umthombo ngemisebe.
• Thumela it to umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa, uhamba umshini ezungeza wonke umzimba wesiguli futhi enza amangqamuzana omdlavuza bevela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma usebenzisa le ndlela idinga sekhefu elifushane ekwelashweni.

indlela sesikhala (brachytherapy)

ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo umdlavuza - brachytherapy kuyinto. Impumelelo enkulu yale ndlela uma isimila luphakathi endlaleni engasesinyeni. essence yayo imumethe okulandelayo: kusetshenziswa inaliti ekhethekile intratumorally injected Radioactive. Njengoba Izinto ezazisetshenziswa iodine ^-125. Inqubo yenzeka ngaphansi ultrasound isiqondiso.

Kuye ngokuthi lakhiwe kanjani capsule oqukethe Radioactive ngokufanele, brachytherapy uhlukaniswe:

• intracavitary;
• interstitial;
• intravascular.

Emva inqubo, isiguli ngosuku esibhedlela. Relief iza ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Radioactive izidakamizwa onakala emzimbeni izinyanga ezimbili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amaseli umdlavuza nokufa.

The main plus brachytherapy - emisebeni kuthinta amaseli ezilimele kuphela, enempilo bunjalo. Yingakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa nezinkinga zempilo ezimbalwa kunokuthi ngemva radiotherapy bangaphandle.

Proton indlela futhi ukwelashwa adjuvant

Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu amafomu non-koda ka ukwelashwa ngemisebe, esiza balahle umdlavuza wendlala. Le ndlela isekelwe isinyathelo eqondile emisebeni kuphoyinti pathogenic, okuholela yensimbi. Ngenxa yokuthi umthamo isakazwa ngokunembile, zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza esesindile ngokuphelele. Akukho ukuxakeka ezingezinhle.

Indlela elilandelayo - ke adjuvant ukwelashwa ngemisebe umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Isetshenziswa njengesici:

• zokuvimba okuthize;
• i adjuvant;
• izimali ahlinzwe.

Inhloso yalesi ukwelashwa - ukubhujiswa isimila yesibili.

Le ndlela inomthelela ukusabalala zamangqamuzana omdlavuza nokukhula yabo. amandla onamandla emisebeni uyakwazi ukubulala amaseli onesifo aseleyo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ngale ndlela, nekusebenta ukwelashwa kuyathuthuka. Kuye kube sekupheleni oyifunayo zisebenzisa emisebeni yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle. Siqondiswe isayithi kumiswa izimila, kunciphisa ingozi yokuphindela umdlavuza kule ndawo.

radiotherapy okuthuthukisa

Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezifana ukwelashwa ngemisebe umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Imiphumela sifo, kulesi simo ifinyelela esigabeni sesine. uhlobo Palliative okuhloswe ngaso lula isimo lesiguli. Kwangaphandle ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi ubuhlungu, futhi kufaka imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Ukuze ususe izimpawu isifo, kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa, resection transurethral we wendlala. Ngenxa ukunakekelwa okuthuthukisa kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
• Inikezwa uhlobo ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngokuhlanganyela yokwelapha hormone ngesikhathi esigabeni yokugcina umdlavuza wendlala. Lo msebenzi kunciphisa ubuhlungu, aqede side effect zamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Phezu ukuthola endaweni isihambile umdlavuza wendlala ultrasound ablation amasu isetshenziswa, nakho libhekisela yokwelapha okuthuthukisa. Kuyasiza ukuqeda imiphumela emibi lesi sifo.

Imiphumela ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Nakuba ukwethulwa amasu amasha kunganciphisa imizwa engakhi emva inqubo, kodwa kusenzima radiotherapy. Ngo umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa, imiphumela kwalokho isesekhona:

• Izinkinga ingemuva. Kwangathi avele sohudo engaphathekile wamathumbu syndrome. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi izinkathazo bahambe.
• Kukhona imibuzo ehlobene umsebenzi esinyeni futhi ukuchama. Isiguli uhlushwa ukuchama kaningi, evutha ngesikhathi futhi khona igazi umchamo. Lezi izinkinga isikhathi esithile.
• Ukuthuthukiswa yokungabi namandla futhi Erectile Dysfunction. Izigameko zokushona lezi zinkinga kuyafana ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa kunomehluko: emva kokuhlinzwa, ubuthakathaka eba ngokushesha ngemva kokuzibeka elangeni - kancane kancane phakathi nonyaka.
• Uma esetshenziswa ukwelashwa ngemisebe umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa (kobufakazi nesineke abadlule ngokusebenzisa le nqubo, uqinisekise lesi), ekuqaleni, wazizwa ukutubeka nokukhathala. Lokhu isimo uhlala izinyanga ezimbalwa.
• Siyabhubha lymph amanzi. Lokhu kuyimbangela aphansi esitho edema.
• Ukuvaleka we urethra. Ngezinye izikhathi ezilimele urethra, umchamo ukugeleza kuyaphazamiseka.

Ukuthi baziphathe kanjani ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa

Abaningi bakhathazeka ngenkinga: ukuthi yini ezokwenzeka, ngemva radiotherapy wawenziwa umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa? ukusebenza kwawo kuxhomeke kulokho nokulandela imithetho elandelayo:

• Ngesikhathi inqubo, amandla kufanele kube okunama-kilojoule amaningi, kodwa ephezulu grade hhayi kuphela. Ukudla kufanele zibandakanye wonke amavithamini namaminerali. Qiniseka ukuthi bagcine umbuso ukuphuza (kufika ku amalitha amathathu uketshezi ngelanga).
• Ukuyeka ukubhema nokuphuza.
• Nezingubo kufanele kube okuxekethile, ukukhanya, izindwangu zemvelo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugcina ovulekile zone ngemisebe. Uma uphume emgwaqweni kufanele umthunzi elangeni.
• Ungasebenzisi insipho kanye nezinye izimonyo. Nakuba ukuthatha eshaweni ukukhumbula izimpawu emzimbeni.
• Lapho ububomvu izinhlungu, ukulunywa, ukujuluka esindayo qiniseka kudokotela.
• emoyeni njalo fresh, umsebenzi umzimba ngendlela efanele, ubuthongo eqinile eyayivele - ingenye isinyathelo xaxa ukuqeda lesi sifo.

Life after ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Yokutakula iqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela ngemisebe izikhathi. Lihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:

• Rest emini;
• ubuthongo elizolisayo;
• engashiyi lwemithi;
• ngokomzwelo;
• umsoco ofanele futhi ezanele;
• Ukuyekwa kwezindlela zonke imikhuba emibi.

Ngalesi sikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu hhayi kuphela ukusiza udokotela, kodwa kwaba nayizihlobo.

Njengoba ekwelapheni asikapheleli, kubalulekile ukuba baqhubekele phambili ukufunda izinqubo, isimo esingokomzwelo kule izinguquko uxhumano njalo. Okubalulekile kule nkathi - hhayi onkom 'idla yodwa, ukuxhumana nabangani kanye nomndeni. Zama ukugcina isigqi wokuphila, ungadikibali ku imisebenzi yasendlini. Uma ungumuntu kancane ukhathele, ulale, uphumule.

Uma usebenza, ucele isiqondiso okungenani isikhathi esithile ukuze sihambe nawe umsebenzi olula. Okungcono kakhulu, yebo, ku-inkathi nokuvuselelwa ukuthatha iholidi.

Uma ukuhambisana nayo yonke izincomo udokotela, isikhathi nokuvuselelwa kuyokwenzeka buthule, ngokushesha futhi kalula.

ukusebenza inqubo

Emazingeni ahlukahlukeneko wendlela imiphumela ingafani:

• Ngemisebe e esigabeni sokuqala kungase kuthathe indawo ukuhlinzwa, bunjalo izitho okunempilo kanye nezicubu.
• Ngemva prostatectomy, ukwelashwa ngemisebe elisetshenziswa umdlavuza wendlala. Imiphumela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kulokhu kukhona okuncane, njengoba amangqamuzana abangela izifo ubhujiswe.
• Ezigabeni kamuva ngemisebe isifo kunciphisa ubuhlungu.

Impilo yakho - ezandleni zakho. Zama njalo kudokotela. Uyogcina inkambo sifo ngesikhathi kancane ukwelashwa ukuwohloka ezibekiwe.