Umgomo we superposition futhi yayo imikhawulo yohlelo lokusebenza

Umgomo we superposition ungachazwa ukuthi butholakala eziningi izindawo physics. Lena isikhundla esetshenziswa kwezinye izimo. Lona omunye wemithetho ezivamile ngokomzimba phezu kwayo physics njengoba isayensi. Yilokho-ke kuphawuleka for ososayensi abakwaziyo ukuyisebenzisa ezimweni ezahlukene.

Uma sicabanga isimiso superposition ngomqondo ovamile kakhulu, ngokusho kwakhe, isamba amabutho angaphandle uthatha isinyathelo kuyizinhlayiyana yakhiwa amagugu ngabanye ngamunye wabo.

Lesi simiso sisebenza nasemadodeni izinhlelo lwento ezahlukene, isb izinhlelo ezinjalo oziphatha lingachazwa nge zibalo lwento. Isibonelo isimo elula lapho igagasi komugqa Ukhuthaza kunoma iyiphi indawo ethile, kuleso simo impahla yayo zizogcinwa ngisho ngaphansi kwethonya yokuphazamiseka ezivela wave. Lezi izindawo kuchazwa ngokuthi lemali ethile imiphumela ngayinye izingxenye harmonic.

Fields of kwesicelo

Njengoba sekushiwo, isimiso superposition kuyinto ngempela ebanzi ububanzi. ngokucacile kakhulu umphumela wawo kungabonakala electrodynamics. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho ucabangela isimiso superposition, i-physics akacabangi postulate zako, okungukuthi yi inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela electrodynamics.

Ngokwesibonelo, e electrostatics isimiso esebenzayo usebenza ekuhloleni emkhakheni electrostatic. ophethe uhlelo at iphuzu elithile kudala ukungezwani, okuyinto sizofaka isamba izimfanelo ensimini ngayinye kwenkokhelo. Lokhu okukhipha isetshenziswa umkhuba ngoba ingasetshenziswa ukubala amandla bezikhali nokuxhumana electrostatic. Kulokhu-ke kuyadingeka ukubala amandla lokho umuntu ngamunye ophethe ngabanye.

Lokhu kuqinisekiswa uMaxwell equation, okuyinto komugqa e vacuo. Iphinde kulandela kusukela lokuthi ukukhanya azigcwelanga, luqhubeke yemigqa, ngakho imishayo ngabanye musa nihlanganyele. Ngo-physics, lesi simanga uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi isimiso superposition e yokukhanya.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi classical physics superposition isimiso kulandela kusukela linearity we zibalo motion amasistimu ngabanye yomugqa, ngakho-ke kuba isilinganiselo. Kusekelwe ngokujulile izimiso ashukumisayo, kodwa ukusondela kwenza kube hhayi jikelele hhayi ayisisekelo.

Ikakhulukazi le eqinile ensimini okudonsa uchaza nezinye zibalo, non-eqondile, Nokho isimiso ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kulezi zimo. Macroscopic ensimini kagesi kuyinto futhi kuncike lesi simiso, njengoba kuncike kwethonya Amasimu zangaphandle.

Nokho, isimiso superposition amabutho luyisisekelo e quantum physics. Uma kwenye indawo isetshenziswa namanye amaphutha, ukuthi ezingeni quantum usebenza kahle impela. Noma yiluphi uhlelo quantum-mechanical imelelwa wave imisebenzi nabathwali isikhala yomugqa, futhi uma kungaphansi umsebenzi komugqa ke isimo salo ebizwa ngokuthi isimiso superposition, okungukuthi, It sakhiwa superposition zombuso ngalinye kanye umsebenzi wave.

Ububanzi sasivumela ezivamile. I zibalo ka electrodynamics classical kukhona lwento, kodwa akuyona oyisisekelo. Iningi eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma eyisisekelo physics zisekelwe zibalo nonlinear. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzo isimiso superposition is hhayi lwenziwa lapha zihlanganisa jikelele theory wokuhlobana kwezinto, chromodynamics quantum, futhi inkolelo-mbono Yang-Mills.

Kwezinye izinhlelo lapho izimiso linearity zisebenza kuphela kungase evamile zisetshenziswe isimiso superposition, isibonelo, ababuthakathaka ekusebenzisaneni okudonsa izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho sicabangela ukuxhumana ngama-athomu nezinhlayiyana ezincane njengoba isimiso superposition akuyona alondolozwe lokhu kuchaza ezihlukahlukene Izakhiwo kanye amakhemikhali izinto.