Umlando Traffic: kusukela igesi nogesi

Umlando traffic ayisizi engaphezu kweyikhulu. 5 Agasti, 2014 at othomathikhi traffic isilawuli kwadingeka i yokugubha usuku - kwaba iminyaka ncamashi nekhulu. Ihalalisele bonke ababambiqhaza traffic kulesi senzakalo esibalulekile, futhi ukukhumbula ndaba yaqala ukudala traffic kanjani.

Imithetho kuqala komgwaqo

Imithetho kuqala komgwaqo kwakukhona eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili edlule, lapho Yulii Tsezare. Ezinye zazo zisasetshenziswa abashayeli yesimanje. Ngokwesibonelo, i-WinSock.

ERussia, ukuzwa kukhulunywa ngezintaba lokuqala imithetho ehlobene oda Empress Anny Ioannovny. Ngo isinqumo sakhe e-1730, yena washiyela zonke "hamba buthule", futhi labo abephula le oda, elinde sijeziso esinzima: induku noma kanzima.

abameli Modern smile kuphela. Kuyini "ukunakwa"? Indlela ukunquma amacala lapho i-oda i-? Kwenzeka inqaba ngokwanele. Nokho, ukuqaphela ukuthi kudingeka ukuba ngandlela-thile ukuvikela traffic nezinqola sewafika.

Futhi ngikhiphe isimemezelo ukwazi omunye Russian Empress - uCatherine II. Ngokusho ke, akufanele 'ukuklabalasa amakhwela, ikhala noma cha Strum ". Kulesi isimemezelo, esikubonayo ukuthuthukiswa wobulungisa zomthetho emkhakheni traffic. Kunalokho, umqondo wegama elithi "akukho umsindo" iNdlovukazi is kahle ngesineke, yini efunekayo izifundo. Kwakukhona amaphoyisa kuqala ukuba zigcine ukuhleleka ngesikhathi ukunyakaza.

Ukhokho traffic isilawuli yesimanje

Ngeke bangene ingxoxo zefilosofi ngalokho esifuna ukukwenza ngaphandle traffic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayesazobenzela avele emigwaqeni yethu. Nokho, sizokutshela ngezenzakalo, okwaqala ngokubekwa umlando ukuvela irobhothi.

I okuzenzakalelayo traffic isilawuli uqala ukuvela eLondon ngo-1868, eduze isakhiwo ephalamende. kumdlali kubhekwa unjiniyela John Peak Knight. Lokhu okusungulile nonrandom. Ngaphambi kwalokho, unjiniyela yakhelwe amadivaysi for ujantshi ezokuthutha - semaphores, abanye okusungulile elula ngemicibisholo. Phatha kubo ngesandla. Uma umcibisholo kuyinto ovundlile, khona-ke sasingekho ingozi traffic. Ngemva kokuba eqale avuke i-engela 45 degrees, okwakusho ukuthi kunengozi traffic. Kwakudingekile ukuhambisa ngokucophelela. Ebusuku, umcibisholo ayibonakali - sazo sivalwe nge gas izibani of obomvu kanye green. Ungacabanga yini eluhlaza kwakusho ukuhamba, futhi ebomvu uvinjelwe yakhe.

Lomgomo yasetshenziselwa ngesikhathi ukufakwa amarobhothi emigwaqweni London, kanye ukunyakaza igesi bekhanyisa izibani ebusuku.

Eyokuqala ukukhanya kagesi

umlando Eminye traffic isifikisa 1912, e-American wombuso wase-Utah. Kukulo muzi lapho kuqala wadala uLester Wire traffic isilawuli kusukela amapayipi. Nokho, patent awuzange etholwe, ngakho igama unjiniyela sika wayaziwa kakhulu. iminyaka emibili kuphela kamuva unjiniyela Dzheyms Hog esakhiwe kudivayisi efana nabalawuli yesimanje.

Umqondo kuyabathokozisa iziphathimandla. Idivayisi efakwe lapho kwakuphambana khona izingalo eziyikhulu namashumi Street lesihlanu Euclid Avenue. Ngaphezu isignali ukukhanya, ishicilelwe futhi umsindo. Idivayisi akuzenzakaleli. Eceleni umshini ngamunye idokodo wahlala umakhenikha ebiza kubo.

Umlando indawo okuvela kuyo amarobhothi eminye imibala emithathu ephathelene ne-amagama John F. Harris noWilliam Potts. Yibo labo ngo-1920 wadala kudivayisi elawula traffic emigwaqweni matasa Detroit naseNew York.

Eyokuqala Ilobhothi eYurophu

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umbono kungokwalabo Regulator British, amadivaysi lokuqala uhlobo yesimanje avele e-US. Izwe lokuqala laseYurophu elingeke izibani ezifana traffic ifakiwe, kwaba France. Kwathi ngo-1922 e-Paris, futhi kuphela ngo-1927, iyunithi wathuthela eNgilandi.

Ukuvela ezweni lethu

Umlando we-traffic ye ezweni kwakuqalwa Leningrad. Yasungulwa ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ephahlwe Volodarsky futhi Okthoba 25th (lolu suku saseNevsky futhi Foundry). Lo mcimbi waqala ngoJanuwari 1930, futhi kwaba kubalulekile ukuba izwe lethu. Cishe ngemva konyaka, ngo-December 30, wahlangana naye, ezakhamuzini enhlokodolobha. Kwakuyisikhathi uhlobo isipho Muscovites ku uNcibijane.

New - kahle ukhohlwe ubudala?

Manje kuyanda emigwaqweni nedivaysi countdown. Kule nkathi of ngokunemba, lo mkhiqizo esisha kakhulu efana nabakhe emizini yesimanje. Lokhu okusungulile wadluliswa kithi kusuka Ngini. Ngokumangalisayo, kodwa umlando usitshela mayelana lomthamo zinsizakuphila zadalwa maphakathi nawo-20s. ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Benza inkampani Attica Traffic esiginali Inkampani.

Umlando traffic zezingane: Managing

Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi izingane kusukela zisencane bebawati imithetho yomgwaqo. Ukwenza lokhu izinkulisa nezikole ungakwazi ukuhlela imincintiswano ehlukahlukene, tshela amaqiniso ethakazelisayo ukukhanya traffic, nokwethula izinkulumo, amakilabhu kanye lokufundiswa okukhethekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukuthatha "Umlando we amarobhothi kuqala", "Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo le amarobhothi 'nokunye. D. Sitshele kancane mayelana amanye amaphuzu ezithakazelisayo kuhlotshaniswa esigunyaziwe emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba, okungaba ezithakazelisayo abashayeli esizayo kithi.

EJapane, isibonelo, isikhathi eside, nombala oluhlaza sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ukunyakaza ukuyekelela.

"Isihlahla-traffic" eNgilandi

iyunithi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni itholakala e-London. Lona adumile "isihlahla-izibani." Insiza itholakala endaweni eduze zasesikhumulweni semikhumbi eCanary. Akazange alawule, njengoba iwuphawu impumelelo kwengqondo yomuntu. Lolu hlobo uzowanqoba nezinxushunxushu komgwaqo. ukuphakama kwakhe - 8 amamitha. Kudivayisi siqukethe amadivayisi 75 kulawulwa kukhompyutha eyodwa.

Regulator for abahamba ngezinyawo

Abaningi kithi bacabanga ukuthi nabalawuli isidingo izimoto. Ukuze abahamba ngezinyawo amarobhothi asetshenziswa kuphela uma ukuthintana ngqo ne inqubo lapho zeqe umgwaqo.

Nokho, kukhona kudivayisi abantu ukugeleza. Itholakala eCzech Republic (Prague) futhi ulawula ukunyakaza Winery emgwaqweni uDeveli. Iqiniso lokuthi lo mgwaqo ububanzi cm 70 kuphela, futhi ukunyakaza kwabantu umatasa ukuze alale naye. Ngakho-ke, ukhokho ongokoqobo kunazo ungakha abahamba ngezinyawo.

amarobhothi ezikhumbuzo

Ezweni kukhona ezikhumbuzo sangempela amarobhothi. Alapho ezweni lethu. Ayakhululwa emizini emibili: Novosibirsk futhi Perm. Okokuqala wavula ngo-2006, kwesibili - ngo-2010.

Traffic ukukhanya njengoba iwuphawu zezombusazwe

Ngisho ibanga lokuqala uyazi oda imibala ku irobhothi. Nokho, ngaphambili kwamanye amazwe, kuhlanganise eSoviet Union, base ubekwe ephambene. Yiqiniso, zonke wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi ebomvu kufanele kube phezulu. Kodwa idivayisi vó emhlabeni, lapho umbala phansi. Traffic ukukhanya itholakala emzini Syracuse e-United States. Lokhu kungenxa hhayi ezingeni intelligence izakhamuzi zalo, futhi izinkolelo zezombusazwe. Iqiniso lokuthi izakhamuzi eziningi - abasuka Ireland. I obomvu umbala bahlanganyele namanye England. Indawo onesiqongo ekujabulisayo imizwa laba bantu njengoba iwuphawu ezweni labo ingezansi umbala 'Abahlaseli ". Ngemuva kwemibhikisho, iziphathimandla US sinqume ukwenza ngenxa abakhileyo kulo muzi okuhlukile elungiselelweni imibala ku irobhothi.

abasebenzisi Road ukubukeza

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eminyakeni eyikhulu sokuthuthuka, kule divayisi uye washintsha eziningi ezahlukene. Uma izibani kungukuthi Ushintshe ngomzamo izinkinga. Kodwa ukuphila njalo waveza ukuthi enhle - the tricolor, ehlanganisa yonke imibala ezaziwayo. Umlando usitshela Ilobhothi lokuqala okungukuthi abomvu green - impumelelo kuzo zonke ukuhlukahluka palette.

amadivaysi Modern yasungulwa ngoba cishe zonke izindlela zezokuthutha: izimoto amakilasi ezahlukene, izithuthuthu, amabhayisikili. Kukhona ngisho irobhothi bamahhashi.

Wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi idivayisi okukhulunywa - lokhu akukona komkhawulo, kanye isiqinisekiso kulondolozwe ukuphila ngaphansi kwezimo komgwaqo "yempi." Ngithanda ukukukhumbuza ukuthi kuphela ukukhanya eluhlaza imithetho kuyinto encane ukuba ivumele ukunyakaza. Phuzi futhi zibe bomvu - iyakwenqabela amasignali. Kuyinto ulise lo mthetho elula iyona imbangela yokufa abaningi emigwaqweni.

Amadivayisi we ngekhulu xxi

Abantu ngokwethukela ukuthembela amarobhothi. Namuhla asivamile ukubonwa amaphoyisa omgwaqo, olawula emgwaqweni. Yiqiniso, lokhu kwenzeka lapho kunesimo esiphuthumayo, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa ne kwamaSoviet, umehluko isobala. Siqiniseka ngaphezulu inqubo. Yiqiniso, ngokuvamile uchitheka, ehluleka ukudala izimo eziphuthumayo. Nokho, zonke kumadivayisi usuku ayathuthuka. kumadivayisi azayo - irobhothi kanye intelligence yokufakelwa, okuzokwenza kukghonakale ukuhlola degree of ukunyakaza. Ngisho nanamuhla, wonke amadivayisi exhunywe kwi-computer nge inethiwekhi wendawo. Ziphethe izibani ezikhethekile nezinzwa, ukuvumela ukuqonda degree of isiminyaminya sezimoto ahlaziye ulwazi, ukukhipha amasignali abafanele. Sithemba ukuthi uhlelo ezinjalo ngeke kuphela ukuthuthukisa esikhathini esizayo.