Umlando wokubusa Septimius Severus

Umbusi wamaRoma Septimius Severus wokubusa Akuzange kwaphela isikhathi eside kakhulu, nge iminyaka 193 211, kodwa imininingwane yokubuya kwakhe ukubusa, inqubomgomo angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo asebenzayo, kanye ngcono iRoma laba isihloko ukunakwa abalobi basendulo. Wasungula lohlanga olusha lwamakhosi eMbusweni futhi aphethwe uchungechunge izinyathelo ezihlose uzowubuyisela isikhundla ezinyakaziswayo umbuso, kodwa Nokho, ngemva kokufa kwakhe kuba, bangena kwelinye isikhathi esibucayi.

biography

Amaqiniso yokuphila Septimius Severus abalulekile ngomqondo ukuthi ubonisa indlela Isikhulu sikahulumeni saseRoma nomyali ngekilasi okusezingeni eliphezulu izikhundla ekugcineni babe ababusi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akazange basonta lwamakhosi elibusayo. Yazalwa ngo-146 kuleli dolobha Afrika Leptis emndenini waseFenike, inhloko elalingelamaFilisti oda Equestrian. Kusukela esemncane kwaze kwaba wayebala emsebenzini wokuziphilisa zezombusazwe, yena kwadingeka abanye sokuzibonakalisa elungile, njengoba kwakukhona abameleli ababili naphakathi kwezihlobo zakhe. Wathola imfundo enhle ekhaya, bese ku inhloko-dolobha yombuso, lapho wathuthela ukufeza amacebo abo.

Ukuhileleka Kwezombangazwe

Imisebenzi Septimius Severus njengoba isikhulu sikahulumeni yaqala lapho wamiswa quaestor. Kuleli qhaza lethu, wazehlukanisa njengendlela isisebenzi esikhuthele, ngakho ngokudlula izinga elandelayo zokuphatha, wasuka ngokushesha ekuphatheni esifundazweni Baetica. Nokho, uyise efa kwamphoqa ukuba babuyele ezweni lenkaba yakhe, lapho emva kwesikhashana baba inxusa of umbusi wamaRoma. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umbusi waseRoma pha him okuthunyelwe ka induna enkulu abantu, lapho aphinde owayevelele njengenceku esiqinile, umsebenzi omkhulu. I impumelelo Septimius Severus njengoba umphathi bamlethela abanye udumo, kangangokuba waze waqala ukuphathisa umsebenzi obalulekile futhi enesibopho. Uye ayesezikhundleni umyalo ahlukahlukene eSpain, Syria, eGaul. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi wenkonzo odlule wathola udumo eside njengendlela umkhuzi olunezimiso nokuzidela. Ukuze uqonde impumelelo yayo baqhubeka Kubalulekile ukwazi iqiniso lokuthi ngajabulela nothando nenhlonipho kwezinhloko zamaviyo, kamuva owaba insika main imithetho yombusi esizayo ekufezeni a etat Ukuketulwa.

Rise ukuze amandla

Ngonyaka 193, lapho umbusi waseRoma wabulawa, ibutho Septimius Severus, isithombe ukubaza ukubaza lapho ethulwa kule paper, kwakuyiyona esifundeni Pannonian. Khona-ke wanquma ukusizakala isimo ekukholiseni bempi, ukuthi wayefuna ukuziphindiselela lokubulala umbusi, owavele, lavuselelwa omkhulu phakathi kwezinhloko zamaviyo. Njengoba umkhuzi kakade wayesaziwa ezinhle phakathi kwamasosha, wayekholelwa wema eceleni kwakhe.

Khona-ke wayala zempi yakhe ukuba zihlasele inhloko-dolobha yombuso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isimangalo kumbusi sobukhosi ezimbili: Niger eSiriya uAlbinus eBrithani. Wazibandakanya ne yokugcina, futhi waphikiswa lokuqala kokunqoba kwakhe. Ngemva kwalokho, wanqoba AmaParte, lebhalwe umbuso phakathi kweMilambo, okuyinto kwaba nomthelela ekukhuleni e ukuthandwa Septimius Severus eRoma. Khona-ke watshumayela indlalifa indodana yakhe, umfakisicelo yesibili, akhe sizana wangaphambili, wanqoba ngesikhathi waseLyons ngonyaka 197. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, lapho ekugcineni wanqoba AmaParte, ukuhlanganisa inqubomgomo angaphandle yayo impumelelo.

eminyakeni yamuva

Ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe wahola umkhankaso yalwa ezweni British. Lapha, ibuye elinde impumelelo: yena linqotshiwe abantu Caledonian abuyiselwe Wall uHadrian sika futhi waqinisa ngamandla esifundeni. Phakathi nesikhathi sokubusa kwayo Septimius Severus (umbusi) eyingoduso ekwakheni asebenzayo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa wokubusa kwakhe - a lwaleli lokunqoba eNkundleni YaseRoma, elakhiwa ngo-203 behlonipha umkhankaso wakhe ngempumelelo Parthian. Kwakuyisikhathi quadriga nge umfanekiso umbusi namadodana akhe, Nokho, okuyinto, ayizange ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla. Kunezinhlobo ezine ku ukwakhiwa impumuzo esibonisa uMbusi uwina phezu kwemizi.

Wabuye enikelwe ukunakwa kakhulu ingqalasizinda kuleli dolobha. Wayeyikhathalela inhlalakahle imigwaqo, emaposini, kwadingeka ucwaningo kwendawo yenhloko-dolobha. Njengoba uMbusi yena wayevela sifundazwe, wakhokha ukunakwa kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izindawo zombuso, ikakhulukazi ezweni lakubo, Afrika. Washona ngo-211, phakathi nomkhankaso wakhe eBrithani, kusukela sezulu eluhlaza, okuyinto eye yaba ziyingozi kakhulu empilweni yakhe.

Imiphumela

UMbusi benza lukhulu ekuqiniseni kuhulumeni. Ngaphansi kwakhe iSigele walahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwalo futhi ibutho, kunalokho, anda. UMbusi amaholo landa amasosha futhi wadala amabutho amathathu. Wazama ukwethula isilawuli iyunifomu kuwo wonke umbuso, efuna nokulinganisa isimo enhlokodolobha yesifundazwe. Yena waba nesandla ekwandiseni lasebukhosini yengcebo engenayo ngenxa yokuthi manje imali ezivela kwezinye izifunda wafika isikhungo. Ngaphezu izidingo isimo, lezi zimali aya imidlalo mass, futhi abantu ukuzijabulisa.