Uyini Amandla okuthenga the lwemali?

Amandla ukuthenga imali - nobuntu lwemali yiliphi izwe. Ibonisa inani izimpahla (noma amasevisi) ngaphansi zamanje ezingeni amanani kanye yamanani angathengwa at iyunithi lwemali.
Inchazelo zakudala ukuthini igama elithi "nakwentiwa" inikezwa imisebenzi zezomnotho emsebenzini odumile sezibalo American, onguprofesa Yale University (USA), Irving Fisher, wathola udumo ngamazwe, kanye zonke encyclopedia, zomthetho, izichazamazwi kwezomnotho. Engaphansi kwamandla ukuthenga imali (imali) libhekisela ikhono lwemali ezoshintshwaniswa inombolo ethile imikhiqizo ayatholakala emakhemisi futhi amasevisi.

Ngakho, lesi sici kusho okuqukethwe yokubolekisa amabhange ngezimali iyunithi mass impahla ezweni. Kulinganiselwa njengenhlangano Inkomba, okungukufa okuhambisanayo yenani index intengo. It kuncike isakhiwo we inzuzo kanye inani lepahla.

Dictionary Economic ubachazela umqondo njengoba isilinganiso imali futhi intengo amazinga. Okungukuthi, imali esinqunyiwe ku izimpahla namasevisi ukwanda intengo kuholela ukwehla amandla okuthenga lwemali ngamunye. Izincwadi efanayo ukhona maqondana nezinye izinkomba zomnotho - izindleko zokuphila Inkomba.

Amandla ukuthenga of yiluphi uhlobo lwemali - i kuyinkomba ebaluleke sokunquma izinga lokushintshisana. Ukufaka izinga okulingana akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ulwazi amandla okuthenga lwemali ngamunye, t. E. ingcebo kuyatholakala ukuze kuthengwe emakethe kunakunoma iliphi izwe lwemali kazwelonke.

Kuze 70s kwekhulu lama-20, lesi silinganiso ulinganiswa igolide. Inani igolide nokubaluleka kwalo lwemali ziye livikeleke umthetho wombuso ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhathi eside, dollar zazilingana 1/35 yentengo ka ounce (iyunithi wezizwe Isisindo segolide). Izinga lokushintshisana yayisekelwe Ukuqhathanisa okuqukethwe igolide amayunithi zezimali ezahlukene.

Okwamanje, igolide isetshenziswa esikhundleni "ubhasikidi umthengi", t. E. Isethi ezithile izimpahla namasevisi. Kuyacaca ukuthi ezweni ngalinye labantu ukuthengwa izimpahla efanayo uchitha ezingafani, okusikisela amandla wokuthenga ezahlukene yendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla wokuthenga sabantu incike nezinye izinto eziningi, owayevelele kubo - lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama izindleko "ubhasikidi umthengi" nenkokhelo yangempela. Okunqumayo inombolo yomuntu-amahora adingekayo ukuthengwa umkhiqizo.

Amandla ukuthenga of the ruble Russian, ngokusho kongoti, ukuwa ngonyaka ngo 15-25%. Ezezimali, eyafakwa isabelomali isimo ukuze sivale lapho sisilela izindleko kwamandla emali, isikhathi konyaka ukuze depreciate. Ukwanda wangempela amanani kanye yamanani engaphezu kuka kabili njengoba fast ukuxhasa kukahulumeni. Sikhishwe ukusalela Ngokuqhubeka amaholo, izibonelelo kanye izimpesheni we ubuncane ukudla singaxoxa sokuwa amandla wokuthenga we-ruble ningasoze esingaphansi 30-35% ngonyaka.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuvumelana abahlaziyi, intengo kwezimpahla, amasevisi, nabo, ngokulandelana, futhi amandla wokuthenga we-ruble ezindaweni ezahlukene Russian Federation ingahluka kakhulu (izikhathi 8-16). E. Eqinisweni lwemali oqinile kazwelonke nge amandla wokuthenga olulodwa ezweni lakithi alikho.

Izinga lokushintshisana kwe-ruble, ngokuvumelana Central Bank, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-70% kule minyaka engu-15 edlule, kusekelwa nokuthengiswa izinto zokusetshenziswa (ikakhulukazi uwoyela negesi) kanye nemikhiqizo lulwimi siphelile kuwo. Ngenxa lokho, khona-ke, wenza ukukhula kwezomnotho ayezimemezela? Ngenxa ukukhula amanani okudayisa. Kuzo zonke izikhonzi Federation ezimbonini kakhulu kukhona ukwehla ekukhiqizeni futhi ukukhululwa ezidayiswayo, kodwa kwamanani ukuphakamisa emnothweni okuthiwa asathuthuka.

Ukubuyisela ibhalansi "kwaneliswe isidingo" emakethe lezimpahla-imali, isimo okufanele ubuphishekele inqubomgomo containment ukukhula imali ukunikezela zishukumisa ukukhiqizwa (njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, China ekuqaleni kabusha yemali). Ezimweni yokuntuleka kwezimali, inqubomgomo bezingelwa ezweni lakithi kusukela ngo-1991, nokuncipha okukhipha, okuyisibalo emvelo izinto zokusetshenziswa nokuthengiswa anda ngamanani nokulahlwa, okuholela ukuwohloka ngokwengeziwe embonini yomnotho.