Uyini transformers ezomile-hlobo? Imininingwane Ububanzi

Lapho sisebenzisa izinga amandla adingekayo ukuze ushintshe kwenye voltage. Dry-uhlobo Transformers (okwehlukile - emoyeni selehlile) wenza lo msebenzi ngokuphepha nangempumelelo ukuze basuke kabanzi ukufakwa yasendlini kwezakhiwo zikahulumeni kanye yokuhlala, lapho ezinye izinhlobo zalezi amadivaysi abhekwa okuyingozi kakhulu.

Transformer izinhlobo: liquid ezomile

Ngomqondo onabile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene kumadivayisi ezifana: a ukwahlukanisa ketshezi kanye nokupholisa (uketshezi uhlobo) kanye selehlile nge emoyeni noma emoyeni-gas ingxube (uhlobo ezomile).

Ukuze uhlobo transformer lokuqala ukupholisa yokukubhala amafutha amaminerali ezivamile. Sebenzisa futhi nezinye izinto, ezifana hydrocarbon inflammable futhi abicah eziwuketshezi. Lezi Transformers abe core kanye Windings afakwa ithangi oqukethe naphakathi uketshezi, ukhonza njengomdala yisivikelo, kanye ezipholile.

Iningi ezivamile amandla transformers kukhona Windings ezomile ulayishe epoxy resin lokukhonza njengomdala yisivikelo. Kuvikela babashayeli kusuka uthuli ukugqwala ozungeze umhlaba wethu. Nokho, kusukela ngo-isikhunta ukusakaza itolitji zisetshenziselwa kuphela osayizi esinqunyiwe, kungenzeka ukushintsha design amadivayisi enjalo incane. Esikhathini uhla elisetshenziswa kakhulu kagesi ugesi kwamabhizinisi amancane zezimboni, kanye nezakhiwo zomphakathi futhi yokuhlala, ezomile-uhlobo transformers okubili ngokugcwele eziningi lokwenelisa kumakhophi alo ketshezi.

Amapharamitha main

I sikhathi esibucayi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-amadivayisi kubhekwa - wukuqinisekisa lokushisa Windings. Ukusiza ekukhetheni noma uthenge kudivayisi ezomile-uhlobo ugesi lezinto ezihlukahlukene, cabanga eyisisekelo yokusebenza imingcele embalwa:

1. KVA.
2. Voltage ukalwe we Windings zamabanga aphansi naphezulu.
3. Heat ukudluliswa ukwahlukanisa uhlelo - nenani kuma lokushisa esiphezulu + isilinganiso lokushisa ukwanda Windings + umehluko phakathi isilinganiso lokushisa ukwanda Windings kanye sibalo eliphakeme kuzo.
4. Umnyombo lekhoyili - kubaluleke ngokukhethekile zingenzeka umonakalo umnyombo noma ukuqongelela izinyanda (ithusi noma aluminium babashayeli).

Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene transformer design kuchazwe ngezindlela ezisetshenzisiwe ngokuyinhloko kwemihlambi Windings. Phakathi kwabo kukhona eyaziwa kahle: Umshini impregnation, encapsulation lekhoyili yokusakaza. Ake sicabangele ngayinye yalezi zinkulumo ngokwehlukile.

Ukuba Wedwa cleaner impregnation inqubo (VPI)

Lobu buchwepheshe kudala babashayeli lacquer enamathela ngu kushintshana ingcindezi kanye cleaner imijikelezo. VPI-inqubo isebenzisa i-polyester resin. Linikeza babashayeli varnished ungcono ezivamile ukucwiliswa kwengoma. Amakhoyili, lwabasibekela ke ibekwe phakathi kwesithando somlilo, lapho ukubhaka. They zuza ukumelana okuningi okuvela esithweni corona. Kanjani a transformer enjalo? Isithombe sithathwe ngezansi.

Ukuba Wedwa by cleaner encapsulation (VPE)

Le ndlela ngokuvamile aphakeme ukuba VPI-inqubo. immersions Multiple kunezelwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze encapsulate ikhoyili, ngemva bekene wabhaka esithandweni enamathela. Lezi Transformers kukhona ivikela kangcono kakhulu ku ezindaweni nolaka futhi zinomswakama kuka yabo VPI-analogue. Kanjani a transformer enjalo? Izithombe abekwe ngezansi ke.

Encapsulation (ukubekwa uphawu)

Transformers encapsulated - idivayisi ezivamile ohlobo embozwe Silicon compounds noma epoxy resin futhi ngokugcwele ebiyelwe a bezinhlamvu esindayo. inqubo Production igcwalisa obukhulu emazombezombe nge epoxy resin nge amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu Kwe-dielectric Heating, ukuvikela transformer kusuka kunoma iyiphi ithonya imvelo.

Sakaza usebenzisa ikhoyili enjani (endaweni ohlangene olubunjiwe epoxy resin)

Lezi amadivayisi zimumethe ikhoyili, encapsulated i resin epoxy enqubeni kumiswa. Bagcwala ngokuphelele ne resin ngaphansi cleaner.

Ngamunye amathekhiniki ukwahlukanisa emazombezombe ngokuqondile ukuhanjwa ezindaweni ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lapho engcono kakhulu yokuzisebenzisa tinhlobo letifanele amadivaysi. Ngokwesibonelo, ezomile-uhlobo transformers nge yabalingisi ukwahlukanisa amayelana 50% ezibizayo ngaphandle VPE umkhiqizo noma VPI. Ngakho, i-choice uhlobo oluthile idivayisi kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ezithinta izindleko sezizonke iphrojekthi.

Izincomo ngokukhetha

Uma kudingeka, anda ukumelana esithweni corona (m. E. esithweni agesi okubangwa amandla emkhakheni mkhulu kunezinhliziyo amandla Kwe-dielectric Heating ukwahlukanisa) lapho lenyuka amandla mechanical emazombezombe kungadingeki, sebenzisa VPI-uhlobo transformer.

Ukusebenzisa ohlobo yabalingisi ezidinga amandla eyengeziwe kanye nokuvikelwa, isibonelo, ezindaweni onakalisayo, ezifana chemical processing izitshalo, isitshalo izinto, kanye ukufakwa ongaphandle. ezindaweni Elonakalisayo zihlanganisa izinto ezingase umonakala kwezinye Windings elomile-uhlobo Transformers, kuhlanganise nosawoti, uthuli, amagesi ezonakalisayo, umswakama kanye metallic izinhlayiyana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani kanye yabalingisi resin une-ikhono ngcono ukumelana yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto okuphindayo sindisa nobuntu izinqubo eziningi zezimboni.

Engineer ngokuvamile has bakhethe phakathi idivayisi nge resin yabalingisi noma VPI yayo / VPE-uhlobo ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu futhi ezindaweni onakalisayo. Uhlobo lokuqala ngokuvamile kubhekwa okungcono. Nokho, abanye abakhiqizi, abonisa ukuthi ukwahlukanisa yabalingisi resin kukhawulela ukuphila isevisi ye transformer. Coefficient sokwanda ezishisayo epoxy lincane ukuthi babashayeli zethusi. ukunwetshwa cyclical nokuncipha ngu Ukushisa kanye nokupholisa ohlobo kungaba ekugcineni kubangele ngokuhlaziya kwe-resin. Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi VPI-uhlobo transformer ungakwazi ukubhekana kangcono izinqubo anjalo futhi ngenxa yalokho ihlala isikhathi eside. Ekugcineni, isinqumo sokugcina kuyinto unjiniyela amandla.

uhlobo Liquid ngokumelene ezomile

Transformers egcwele Liquid-, bathambekele abe nekghono ephakeme kunaleyo ezomile, ngakho banesikhathi ukuphila isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, medium liquid siphumelela ngokwengeziwe ukuze kuphole izindawo endawo lokushisa eliphezulu ku Windings. Kanti futhi, amadivayisi egcwele uketshezi-abe sindisa umthamo kangcono.

Ngakho, ezomile 1000 kVA transformer nge ezingeni isigamu nomthwalo ukulahlekelwa cishe 8 kW, kanye egcwele - mayelana 16 kW. Ngako-ke tindlela "ayizinkulungwane sika", kodwa ketshezi imayelana imfucuza nengxenye. Amafutha "dvuhtysyachnika" ngenxenye umthwalo ukulahlekelwa has 8 kW kanye ngokugcwele - 16 kW. Analogue yakhe ezomile libhekene izindleko 13 26,5 kW, ngokulandelana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuqhawe kuyinto transformers ezingabazekayo ezomile ukugcina izinga ukulahlekelwa. intengo zabo ngesikhathi esifanayo kunakunoma ketshezi.

Ngenxa olunzulu Ukupholisa uketshezi kudivayisi ngaphezulu emazombezombe babe Ubukhulu ezincane (ukujula nobubanzi) kuka ezomile umthamo ofanayo. Lokhu kungase kube nomthelela endaweni ledzingekako transformer ezincane (ikakhulukazi esakhelwe), futhi kungakho izindleko yonke indawo. Ngakho, okujwayelekile ezomile kVA transformer 1000 has a ka 1.6 m ukujula futhi ububanzi 2,44 m. Kulokhu, amafutha efanayo uma eduze ukujula has a ububanzi mayelana 1.5 m. Kodwa Nokho, lolu hlobo has, inezici ezithile ezingathandeki.

Ngokwesibonelo, abantu bavikelekile ezingozini zomlilo okubaluleke kakhulu transformers usebenzisa ketshezi ukupholisa naphakathi olukwazi umlilo. Nokho, ezomile-uhlobo transformers Ungase futhi ukubamba umlilo. eziqhutshwa engafanele uketshezi uhlobo apharathasi engase aqhume ngisho.

Kuye ngokuthi izimo yokusebenza izihloko egcwele uketshezi-kungadinga kudivayisi Pallet lokuqoqa kokupholisayo at ukuvuza yayo kungenzeka.

Mhlawumbe uma kukhethwa transformers ingxenye shintsho kusuka okuthandayo sobala uhlobo ezomile ketshezi esiphakathi 500 kW kanye 2.5 MVA, lapho Uhlobo lokuqala okungcono esetshenziswa ububanzi aphansi, kanti eyesibili ngenhla ke.

Isici esibalulekile kokukhetha uhlobo a transformer indawo yokufaka, ezifana ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle ebhilidini, kanye nokugcinwa imithwalo ezimbonini.

Dry-uhlobo transformers ukalwe nganoma ezingaphezu kuka 5MVa itholakale kalula, kodwa abaningi babo bangabantu ketshezi ligcwaliswe. Ukuze ukufakwa ongaphandle, lokhu kuyinto uhlobo oqavile.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana ukupholisa

Lapho ifakwe Blower fan transformer umthwalo kungase kwandise kakhulu. Ngakho, i-cast Windings umsebenzi onjalo angamvusa yesikhathi eside umthwalo umthamo ngo-50% ngaphezu bokuzisholo. Ukuze VPE noma VPI-uhlobo amandla inzuzo kulokhu lingafika ku-33%.

Ngokwesibonelo, standard amandla transformer kVA kuya ku-3000 nge ikhoyili yabalingisi ne yayo imishini fan Ukuhamba ukukhuphuka 4,500 KW (50%). Ngesikhathi esifanayo VPE- noma VPI-uhlobo 2500 kVA umthamo kokuba umlandeli ukupholisa ukukhulisa yona 3.333 KW (33%).

Nokho, umuntu kufanele sikhumbule njalo ukuthi ukuba khona Blower kunciphisa nokwethenjelwa jikelele kohlelo. Uma usebenza nge uthule ngaphansi umthwalo ephakeme kunaleyo fan okuzisholo ehluleka, khona-ke kuyinto ingozi yangempela ingozi embi, ngenxa yalokho kungenziwa elahlekile lonke transformer.

Futhi kuthiwani emakethe Russian?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva ukuthambekela engaguquki ukuphinda isipiliyoni Europe kwamiswa eRussia, lapho u-90% wabo bonke transformers esanda kumiswa iphathelene uhlobo ezomile. Ngakho, emakethe iyaphendula. Namuhla e-Russia kukhona iziphakamiso kumadivayisi ezifana kusuka la maqembu amabili abakhiqizi. Eyokuqala yalezi ungakwazi zihlanganisa isiRashiya, brand isiNtaliyane, isi-Chinese futhi Korean. Ngokuyisisekelo kuhlanganisa analogs kwesakhiwo lemikhiqizo eyaziwa Russian: TAP, TSL, TSGL. Yeka ukuthi kuyinto a transformer ezomile? Inani ejwayelekile "ayizinkulungwane sika" kuhluka ruble 900 kwezigidi ezingu ayizinkulungwane 1.

Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa abakhiqizi German nesiFulentshi. Anikeza brand uchungechunge DTTH, GDNN, GDHN. Phakathi naleso izindleko efanayo ezifana transformer amazwe? Intengo kuyoba ruble le "ayizinkulungwane sika" efanayo abayizigidi ezingu-1.5 kuya kwezingu-2.