Vegetable izitshalo: zinhlobo futhi isifo

Imifino aziwa izizwe ezihlukahlukene kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngokwesibonelo, iklabishi kutshalwa kusukela enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC. Umjikelezo ukukhiqizwa waqala amaRoma asendulo, ngayo nefunda ngayo lokhu yemifino sandile eYurophu. Emhlabeni wangekhulu lesi-9 BC, yena bamakoloni bafika Kievan Rus, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukuba akhule ezindaweni ezisenyakatho more. Onion, isithombo nesweli, kwandile eRussia ngakho namuhla, kuqala esekhulile eGibhithe ayizinkulungwane eziningana eminyakeni ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu.

Ukukhula imifino etholwe ukuthuthukiswa Ukuqondiswa kwemikhumbi, ngesikhathi kusuka Melika waletha utamatisi, ubhontshisi, ummbila, i-squash, namazambane. Basuke kahle ejwayele amasimu amasha, futhi namuhla okungcono, ezifana nososo utamatisi ezisekelwe uzilungiselele e-Italy. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "zemifino" lula exchange of impi .... Kukholakala ukuthi isitshalo seqanda kanye isipinashi wafika eYurophu ngempi kwekhulu 7th lapho iSpain zazivela East, amabutho Muslim.

Mhlawumbe ngoba imifino ezahlukene emlandweni bevela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba, abayivezi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuzwana engadini. abanikazi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi kukhona ukuhambisana izitshalo yemifino, kanye "endaweni embi." Ngokwesibonelo, u-cauliflower, yezwe azalelwa okuyinto China, engqubuzana sina utamatisi "Indian". Nakuba ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi kuhlangene utamatisi futhi akukho ngaphansi kuka "Indian" amazambane noma squash.

Imifino ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekudleni noma yimuphi umuntu, futhi inani eliphelele zilwane yokuthi namuhla kakusekho nokubala. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo of utamatisi kanye nzalo yabo kuphela eRussia eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, kwakunoFakazi abacishe babe ngu 1200. Ukwahlukaniswa jikelele uhlukanisa imifino ku amaqembu ezilandelayo:

- esinezimila oluhlaza (ulethisi, watercress, coriander, dill, kanye nabanye.);

- zinhlobo zisetshenziswa yemifino (rhubarb, Sorrel, asparagus, horseradish, onion, Welsh et al.);

- izithelo, kuhlanganise i-Solanaceae umndeni (utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, njll), Cucurbitaceae (ukhukhamba, zucchini, Ugalonci, njll), Izitshalo (. Peas, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi et al), Malvaceae, mjatlikovyh (sweet corn) ;

- onion (leek, anyanisi, garlic, njll);

- iklabishi (iklabishi savoy, Brussels amahlumela, iklabishi, njll);

- impande kwezitshalo (isithombo, u-beetroot, carrot, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, parsley, njll);

- tuber (okwenziwe ngento efana namazambane, iJerusalema artichokes, amazambane).

Ukuze izitshalo yemifino ukunikeza isivuno esihle, kudingeka ilungelo izimo zezulu nokulandela ubuchwepheshe yezolimo, okusho sona hlobo inhlabathi ngamunye ukuba uzilungiselele, wenza Umanyolo efanele ngu zokutshala noma kuhlwanyelwe, oluqanjwe Ukukhipha, ukuchelela kanye wokuhlanza ngesikhatsi lesifanele. Kudingeka nokuba kahle egcinwe kwezitshalo. Kungenjalo, wemboni akuyona imizuzu isifo izitshalo yemifino. Lezi zihlanganisa izinkinga nge amagciwane, isikhunta, izinambuzane, umonakalo, kanye ukuntula ngokweqile noma umswakama nokufudumala. Namuhla, ochwepheshe zaziwa, ezifana ukunqotshwa:

- umdlavuza, uqweqwe, bola (amazambane);

- umbhunu, okulimaza webhaktheriya, grey isikhunta, jaundice (iklabishi);

- Black umlenze, igciwane KaMose, cercospora okulimaza (beetroot);

- antaknoz, bola elimhlophe (for ukhukhamba), kanye nabanye.