Wave anokuhambisana

Sizungezwe izinjongo ubukhulu evamile; Siyazi ukuthi likhulu kangakanani umzimba wethu; siyaqiniseka ukuthi esihlalweni umuntu ukhululekile ukuba umuntu oyedwa kuphela. Ezweni mikrokvantovom, ezweni izinto ezincane, konke isithé prosaic: ngesitulo, sehliselwe izikhathi ambalwa bhiliyoni bese uthatha ubukhulu athomu ilahlekelwa imigqa yayo ecacile, kanye nanoma yikuphi ezincane nesihloko. Futhi zonke izinto ukwazi ukubona esikhaleni esifanayo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ngaphandle nezikhathi nomunye. Kungani? Esikhathini quantum izinto zomhlaba - amagagasi, okuyinto ukungena nomunye, ngakho omunye lakheka ngokubizwa esihlalweni ukuhlala phansi, futhi ezinhlanu, lishumi amabili. amagagasi maKristu abizwa amagagasi ngalokulingene.

Ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho kusho ubuhlobo, ukungaguquguquki (cohaerens - yokubopha izimvu, kungenxa). amagagasi ngalokubumbene, ngokulandelana, babe imvamisa efanayo, amplitude esifanayo, okufanayo isigaba umehluko. Lemeshi efakiwe igagasi monochromatic, angenamkhawulo noma ngesikhathi noma emkhathini.

Ukuzizwa namagagasi ukuhambisana izinto zokuhlola (izinto) akuyona kuphela labanti ladzingekako kute kuncishiswe, kodwa futhi kuhle kakhulu, okusho ukuthi, understate ukunyakaza kunezinxushunxushu ukuzulazula kwama-athomu. Futhi akusiyo nje mayelana "lokususa" futhi mayelana billionths ka ngezinga Kelvin. izakhiwo Wave kwesitulo efanayo kufanele ubonakale ashisa ngendlela emangalisayo ongaphakeme - 45 K.

Kuvele isici esithakazelisayo amagagasi - ikhono ukuthuthukisa anokuhambisana, okungukuthi, ngendlela ehlelekile futhi ehlelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, amagagasi yetheksthi isikhathi - umculo. Yebo, umculo! Ngamunye imiculo umsindo zokuzikhukhumeza, ubude bayo, imvamisa yayo, ukuphakama kwayo - oda esiqinile kanye neposi. Ukuwohloka anokuhambisana ibonwa yithi njengezikhonzi kokuzenzisa nokulahlekelwa ukuhambisana - njengoba umsindo. Lokho ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho ihlukanisa umculo kusuka umsindo rambling futhi ngezinye izikhathi ecasulayo.

Futhi izinjongo quantum ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho izwe elikunikeza izimfanelo entsha yigugu kangaka ukuthi idale iphinde futhi ukukhiqiza ngokuphelele izinto ezintsha, ngezinye izikhathi isinyathelo esinqala sokushintsha ubuchwepheshe ekhona.

Hhayi ngengozi 40% KaNobel Imiklomelo kule minyaka engamashumi amabili axhumene ne izenzakalo anokuhambisana: ama-athomu abandayo, uketshezi helium ne superconductors.

Izindlela ngokukhiqiza amagagasi anokuhambisana:

• ethola ithuluzi (division igagasi umsindo okuvela emthonjeni ku amabili);
• division Front.

Decimeter ububanzi milimitha amagagasi kagesi asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuxhumana kanye Electronics Onjiniyela. Kodwa kule minyaka 15-20 iminyaka, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuye kwanda ezindaweni non-bendabuko, futhi ikakhulukazi biology nemithi. A bands emifushane-wavelength esetshenziswa ngaphambili, kusukela kwatholakala umthombo oscillations ngalokulingene.

Wena uke wezwa ukuze athole ukwelashwa komzimba? Yiqiniso - yebo. Lokhu - endaweni yokuqala ukusetshenziswa amagagasi yetheksthi imithi. Kwembulunga kwezicubu kuvunyelwe (futhi manje ivumela) ukusheshisa yokusabela (kokubili zamakhemikhali kwamakhemikhali) kuka wayezimisele futhi umphumela Physiotherapy. La magagasi angasiphakamisa zijule zidlule umzimba, ngqo kulawo kwezicubu lapho baqondiselwa.

Futhi kangakanani ukutholakala komzimba okukhulu! Emuva ngo-sixties kwekhulu elidlule we sungula: amagagasi anokuhambisana ongabhubhisa izimila ebulalayo.

Ayikho ukumangala namuhla, futhi laser ukuhlinzwa, esebenzisa zonke amagagasi efanayo anokuhambisana, kodwa kuphela imishayo iwumngcingo enamandla okubhubhisa kokubili izicubu zomzimba ezithambile bone. Kukhona esebenzayo lasers ahlukahlukene nge amaza ezahlukene, kuya ngokuthi uhlobo imisebenzi nezicubu. Cishe "ngaphandle kwegazi" ukuhlinzwa, ngemva kwalokho isiguli silulama ngokushesha.

Ukuhlaziya abasafufusa ezindaweni ezintsha kwesicelo amagagasi anokuhambisana ivumela ukucabanga ukuthi imithi eziphilayo ngokushesha kakhulu kuyoba ezindaweni eziyinhloko kwesicelo.