Oda Obungane Abantu: Umlando

Oda Obungane abantu esikhathini Union bekugcwele imiklomelo yodumo. Unikelwa kuphela abantu owayesebenza ezinhle wobaba futhi inesifiso ikusasa eliqhakazile.

Lapho-ke kwamiswa

Oda Obungane Abantu wazalwa ezweni ngo-December 17 ngo-1972. Ngeminyaka yoma emlandweni isimo enkulu laseSoviet omunye ukuyedlula mayelana nokuthuthuka kwezomnotho. izimayini zamalahle enamandla namafutha zidaliwe. Phakathi nenhlekelele wase-USSR eyingoduso ukudayisa asebenzayo uphethiloli umnotho wawo kanye amadayimane. Isinqumo Ephakeme KaHulumeni boPhezukonke Amandla oMkhandlu, kwanqunywa ukuba ukwenza umyalelo omkhulu wase-USSR. Lesi sinqumo senziwe ukugubha usuku lokuzalwa wama-50 ngosuku-Union. Ngo-July 18, 1980-Order of yoMthetho-USSR washintsha ngenxa esinqumweni apharathasi uhulumeni.

Yayiyini Statute

UNongorwana Ubungane Abantu ukuthola kwakungelula. Yena yanikezelwa kuphela kokufaneleka omkhulu phambi wobaba. Thola ayengakwenza labo alisithandi isiphetho abantu anobuhlobo nezizwe friendly kuphela. UNongorwana Ubungane wanikezwa kuphela labo abakholwa ikusasa eliqhakazile futhi isakhiwo zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni. ukwakhiwa Isihloko ubudlelwane kwezomnotho kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-Union of Culture wayengomunye futhi abaluleke kakhulu kule ndaba.

Ubani owayengakhokha ukhishwa yokunikeza

Oda yaseSoviet yokuthuthela izakhamuzi njengabawufanelekele Republic, ohola isimo sabo futhi abantu zabo ikusasa eliqhakazile. Ngu isimiso esifanayo isihloko datha unikelwa amabhizinisi, amayunithi lempi, compounds ukuzivikela, izikhungo kanye nezinhlangano olukhona, Union futhi insimu Republic, ukuze kulondolozwe ukuzimela County nedolobha. Oda Obungane Abantu angakhuthazwa ikhishelwa abantu abangesiwona izakhamuzi zase-USSR, Nokho, ovelele service ngeqophelo eliphezulu ukuze likahulumeni waseSoviet.

Kangakanani ekunikezelweni Order

Order of the USSR lalingabafanele indoda abangazange ligalelo lelikhulu ekuqiniseni ukubambisana abantu friendly united inyunyana sezenhlalo. Omkhulu zabasebenzi izimpumelelo ukuthuthukiswa umnotho wezwe nawo afeza indima ebalulekile. UNongorwana Ubungane wanikezwa kuphela kulabo bahlanganyela ekwakheni isizwe Union. umsebenzi Ukuthela emkhakheni wesayensi nokunye okuye kwatholwa isayensi, futhi, wanikeza ithuba lokuthola le ndondo.

Inqubo rapprochement sezizwe ukuHlangana, exchange yemasiko nokunonophala, imfundo bezakhamuzi kwenye umoya wokushisekela izwe bangempela Soviet, ngokuvumelana izimiso sabasebenzi be-USSR kwenza kwaba lula ukuthola i-oda. Kodwa umthetho main kwaba ukwethembeka ukuze lokhokho. Ake Ungakhohlwa mayelana kokufaneleka ekuqiniseni amandla ukuvikela isimo oqinile, okungase nanesandla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola i the Order of Ubungane Abantu be-USSR.

Oda kufanele igqoke ngokuvumelana nemithetho, eyayibonakala futhi ebhalisiwe eshicilelwe ngokusemthethweni. umvuzo Okuyigugu kufanele igqoke esifubeni, ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Ngokuvamile kuyagqokwa eduze Order of Labour Banner.

Ukubukeka umklomelo ezibalulekile

Ake sixoxe ukubukeka Order yaseSoviet yokuthuthela Ubungane of Nations. It has ukuma inkanyezi ezinhlanu enamaphoyinti, kancane convex. Order of the surface embozwe umbala obomvu gilt kanye koqweqwe lwawo. esengozini Isiliva luhlaka mbhoshongo emise inkanyezi ngaphakathi ngemishayo ezinhlanu lapho umthombo segolide bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene imisebe ekhazimulayo.

Oda Obungane Abantu zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa has a eyayibhalwe isibonakaliso zase-USSR, esemgwaqweni kakhulu isikhungo. izingxenye ngalinye isibonakaliso embozwe koqweqwe lwawo anemibala. Handshake njengoba iwuphawu ubungani lezizwe futhi senziwe izingalo. Lolu phawu itholakala endaweni usebe emhlabeni elingenamikhono izingalo kweSoviet Union, eduze eyayibhalwe, iribhoni amnyama-red "USSR" Kulo mbhalo oqoshiwe uyaziqhenya. Laurel amagatsha, eyayibonakala kahle embozwe bushelelezi koqweqwe lwawo shades of eluhlaza, ingenye izimpawu endala kwamandla nokuchuma.

Mayelana izinto yokukhiqiza

Lo myalo sasenziwe ngesiliva, okuqukethwe esikwaziyo indinganiso
38,998 ± 1,388 g Le ndinganiso iye yamukelwa ngisho Septhemba 18 '75 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Ingqikithi yesisindo zazilingana umklomelo eyigugu 42,9 ± 1.8 g

Mayelana usayizi imiklomelo

Usayizi ngokuvamile kulinganiswa kusukela komunye umkhawulo kuya pyramidal Star akuhambisani okuphambene. Ngakho, Order yasekuqaleni has a ubude 47 kwangu.
Zonke izibambiso the Order kweSoviet Union iye yahlanganiswa nge block pentagonal. It laligcwele umdweshu umbala moire, yenziwa of high quality kasilika Soviet. Tape ububanzi elihambisana ezindinganisweni ukukhiqizwa, ilingana 24 mm. ibha Red esemgwaqweni ngezansi, has a ububanzi 13 mm kanti ine amandla yasekuqaleni uphawu futhi yamiswa phakathi tape.

Amabili imicu emincane longitudinal efana "ephelezelwa" imicikilisho emaphethelweni. Kwakumelwe izimpawu emasimini enkulu ngempela namaSoviet futhi ilanga, okwakunginika isivuno ocebile. strip Yellow safinyelela ubude 4 mm. Kanye emaphethelweni pads esisogwini ezimhlophe strip isigamu milimitha.

Umlando imiklomelo

Oda Obungane Abantu (inani ngezinye izikhathi isifinyelele isamba umxhwele) - lokhu umklomelo kuyinto ngempela ezingavamile futhi yinzuzo. Kuningi abaculi wasebenza ukwakha design onjalo amahle Order, okuyinto has a design kunalokho eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezithakazelisayo. I ngokuvamile unikelwa izinkampani noma izinhlangano eziye wasebenza kanzima ukuze azuzise we lawobaba. UNongorwana umbhali yephrojekthi imele Zhuk Aleksandr Borisovich.

Republic, ababe lucky ngokwanele ukuze uthole indondo yokuqala

Engaphansi kwengxenye ngenyanga njengoba omusha, usanda wadala, Order waqala umklomelo wokuqala lucky. Disemba 29, 1972 ziye ukhishwa republic angu-15, ama-republic ezizimele, kanye nesifunda kanye Homeland County. Umklomelo wokuqala ngeyoFakazi Russian Soviet Republic, kuyilapho umklomelo wesibili lanikezwa anobuhlobo abantu Ukraine.

izakhamuzi nomvuzo

abasebenzi Aviation ngaleso sikhathi zazibhekwa njengochwepheshe emachawe "Shock Worker", ngakho babengafuni lutho umklomelo wokuqala abantu lo mklomelo. Ngakho, abantu 199 kwanikezelwa ngo-February 9 ngesikhathi 1973. Zenza futhi ukufeza izinhlelo ukuqaliswa air traffic, yingcweti imishini emisha zezindiza, futhi wasiza kabusha emnothweni kazwelonke.

Ukunikeza izinhlangano kanye namabhizinisi

abesifazane Soviet babekhona kakhulu ngokuya ukuzwana nabantu. Bona engagcini nje ngokufuna imisebenzi eqondile yabo ubulili. Wonke umuntu wayesefuna ukuba basebenzele okuhle njengezitha zezwe lokhokho. Njengoba indoda Soviet bavikela nodumo njengezitha zezwe lokhokho, iKomiti eSoviet lwabesifazane uye negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubudlelwane kanye nokuqinisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwezizwe ezimbili lobuzalwane. Ngenxa yalesi, inhlangano futhi waklonyeliswa Order. Ukuklonyeliswa senziwe Mashi 6 '73 kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

amandla Soviet yakhulula emhlabeni kusuka wobushiqela ngo-1945, ukuze bonke abantu bakuleli lokuba wazi ngokuzibonela ukuthi kunzima kangakanani Iminyaka yempi nendlela liyigugu futhi libalulekile emhlabeni. Yingakho abathanda abasha baye wadala eyabo inhlangano engekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ukuze kuvikeleke izwe, nayo ukhishwa Order eyigugu futhi zokuhlonipha Obungane ngo-1974.

Yiqiniso, hhayi ngaphandle-the nezimboni ophambili, abaye basebenza ukuze kuzuze emnothweni futhi abashaya omunye "esitimela" isimo. Leningrad inhlangano "Kirov Isitshalo" edlale indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni umnotho nomphakathi wase-USSR, okuyiwona yena yanikezelwa Order of April 30, 1976.

izinhlangano Cultural futhi negalelo elikhulu futhi inikwe amandla abantu baseSoviet ejwayele ubuciko, ukuthola enhle, kube zifunde kangcono athuthukile ngokugcwele. Leningrad isekisi ukuthi wanika isethulo elikhanyayo upscale, waklonyeliswa Order of the imiklomelo lokhu ngo-1978.

Amaphephandaba basutha izingqondo bakithi, futhi wadlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni ukuqaphela ulwazi izakhamuzi. Ngakho, leli phephandaba "Moscow News" waklonyeliswa ngo-1980 futhi "Literary iGazethi" - ngo-1979 EMoscow Theatre "Romen" ngaleso sikhathi elalibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe edume kunazo, abadlali bayo kanye ukusebenza babe lusetshenziswa abantu be-USSR, ngakho, futhi, waklonyeliswa mkhosi ngo-1981.

Folk Dance Ensemble zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kwadingeka ukubunjwa yayo abadansi engcono, abanamakhono kakhulu futhi abanolwazi, owathatha phezu, ukuthatha emhlabeni imilingo umdanso. Lakhethwa Order ngo-1981. "Emhlabeni World" umagazini wayengomunye walaba wathenga kakhulu njengoba ingaqukatha izihloko uhlamvu futhi ithakaseleka. Bona ezanyatheliswa kahle futhi abanamakhono, bathandile abadala nje kuphela kodwa futhi izingane.

Akumangalisi ukuthi yena yanikezelwa Order of Ubungane futhi umagazini ngo-1982.
Phakathi ngokuwa kweSoviet amandla Socialist, Order of Ubungane wase-USSR elahlekile isimo inyunyana yazuza isimo Russian Federation Order. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wabuyela isimo Order of the RSFSR. Lokhu senzakalo senzeka ngo-March, inombolo 2, 1992. Njengoba waqala ukuveza kabusha - ukubukeka ishintshile kancane kakhulu. Sezadlula lezo zimelela amandla wangaphambili, ezifana iribhoni elibomvu futhi amagama "USSR".

On umlando Order of the Russian Federation

Le miklomelo kuqala emcimbini kuqhutshwe ngokushesha ngemva resumption of Order. Ethusayo isikhala esiteshini "Mir", okungukuthi izindiza khona, ukutadisha nokubonisa isibindi futhi ubuqhawe we okukhulu kwakukhona njengabawufanelekele Order of the Russian Federation.

River navigation kwenzeka ngo umnotho osanda kuzalwa, ezweni elisha, i-Russia, ngoba umfula ezokuthutha ingenye finansovozatratnyh elula kakhulu futhi engaphansi. Ngaphandle imifula eRussia eziningi, futhi ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zokuthutha. Ngakho-ke, ngo-October 20 abantu 1993 abasebenza ibhizinisi obumbene noMfula iVolga Shipping Company, ngikweluleke wathola i the Order of Ubungane Abantu we Russian Federation.

Kukhona osaziwayo abaningi abaye yaklonyeliswa le ndondo abadumileyo;

- Juna Davitashvili, lo dokotela, lapho bacela iseluleko, abantu abaningi izilomo ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union.

- UNESCO Umqondisi UFederico Mayor, uye futhi yaklonyeliswa Order.

- Garry Kasparov is hhayi nje njengomuntu master omkhulu grand, kodwa njengoba ungumuntu oye wathola Order of the Russian Federation ezaziwayo.

- Phakathi abaculi omunye yibo lucky abathola umklomelo abadumile Wayengubani u-Alexander Shirvindt nabalobi - Mihail Zhvanetsky, owaziwa ngokuba amahlaya akhe behlakaniphile, uthi caustic futhi abakusho ngokuqephuza.

zinhlobo

Lo myalo ingenye imiklomelo ezingavamile kusukela eSoviet Union. Futhi hhayi eningi kakhulu mayelana amafomu yayo kanye ukuhluka, kodwa ezinye izimpawu zangaphandle ongasitshela okuthile okuthakazelisa ezaziwayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-Order wakhiwa izingxenye ezine:

1. Ingxenye yokuqala - ebomvu inkanyezi ezinhlanu enamaphoyinti elinemisebe imbuthuma kwangaphandle.
2. Ingxenye yesibili - esiyindilinga medallion anezinhlaka art isithombe ukuxhawulana.
3. Ingxenye yesithathu Lijamele Union, okuyinto esikhulu ingxenye yesibili (medallion).
4. Engxenyeni yokugcina ka umdweshu okudweba nombhalo othi "USSR" zibomvu amnyama ngombala. Arc ungabona ilebula "Mint".

abaqoqi abaningi bazimisele ukuthenga Order Obungane Abantu zase-USSR, intengo zazo zokhahlamba kusuka 500 kuya ku-2000 amayunithi ezivamile. He is inani Antique.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi i the Order of Ubungane izinzuzo alinikezi Nokho, futhi umklomelo ezingavamile kakhulu futhi eziwusizo kakhulu.