Wokuqashwa inkambu kagesi kwi ukufuduka icala

Ngezinye noma ngabe iliphi icala ukuthi lilondolozwe kagesi emkhakheni force wayenethonya. Kule ndaba, ukuhamba ngaphandle kwenkokhiso ensimini kuchazwa ngokusebenza emkhakheni kagesi. ukubala lo msebenzi kungaba kanjani?

Ukusebenza emkhakheni kagesi kuyinto electrocharge ezifudukayo kanye umqhubi. Kuzoba elilingana umkhiqizo voltage, zamanje kanye isikhathi esichithwa umsebenzi.

Ukusebenzisa ifomula uMthetho Ohm sika, singakwazi ukuthola izindlela ezihlukene ambalwa ukuze ifomula ekubaleni umsebenzi wamanje:

A = uit = I²R˖t = (U² / R) T.

Ngokuhambisana amandla ukulondolozwa komthetho ukusebenza kwe-kagesi emkhakheni amandla ilingana ushintsho neketanga ingxenye eyodwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho amandla ezikhishwe umqhubi, kuyoba ulingana wamanje.

Sizwakalisa ohlelweni SI:

[A] = Vas = Vt˖s J =

1 kVt˖chas J = 3600000.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa. Cabanga ukunyakaza ngaphandle kwenkokhiso emkhakheni ofanayo, kwakhiwa okuyinto ngelesibili esilinganayo amapuleti parallel A no B kanye namacala okuphambene. Kulesi ensimini imizila amandla bonke ubude bayo perpendicular lezi amapuleti, futhi lapho ipuleti A is kahle icala ke amandla emkhakheni E iqondiswa kusuka ku- A kuya B.

Ucabange ukuthi kwakudingeka isimo sengqondo esiqondile icala q lisuswe kusuka iphuzu a iphuzu b endleleni ngokungenasizathu ab = s.

Njengoba ibutho enza icala ukuthi lilondolozwe emkhakheni kungaba ulingana F = QE, umsebenzi owawenziwa ngesikhathi ukunyakaza ngaphandle kwenkokhiso ngokuvumelana indlela predetermined kuchazwe ezothando emkhakheni:

A = FS cos α, noma A = qFs cos α.

Kodwa ama-cos α = d, lapho d - ibanga phakathi amapuleti.

It elandelayo: A = qEd.

Kwanje sika ukuhambisa q ophethe kanye b eqinisweni acb. Ukusebenza emkhakheni kagesi, kwenziwa ngale ndlela, yinani ngokwawo mayelana nomsebenzi owenziwayo kwezinye izindawo ke: ac = s₁, cb = s₂, okusho

A = qEs₁ cos α₁ + qEs₂ cos α₂,

A = QE (s₁ cos α₁ + s₂ cos α₂,).

Kodwa cos s₁ α₁ + s₂ cos α₂ = d, futhi kungakho kulokhu A = qEd.

Futhi, ucabange ukuthi uhamba icala q kusuka ku b i ijika ezingafanele. Ukuze abale umsebenzi owenziwa kule endleleni lwalugobile, kubalulekile ukuba delaminate emkhakheni phakathi amapuleti A kanye nenani izindiza parallel okuyinto sekuseduze kangaka omunye komunye ukuthi izigaba ngazinye indlela s phakathi izindiza angabhekwa ngqo.

Kulokhu, ukusebenza emasimini kagesi ekhiqizwa ngamunye zingxenye idatha indlela kuyoba A₁ = qEd₁, lapho d₁ - ibanga phakathi izindiza emibili elandelanayo. Umsebenzi ngokuphelele yonke indlela d kuyoba ulingana umkhiqizo isamba d₁ QE futhi ibanga elilingana d. Ngakho, ngenxa indlela lwalugobile kuyoba ulingana umsebenzi owenziwa A = qEd.

Izibonelo kubhekwe yithi, abonisa ukuthi ukusebenza emkhakheni kagesi ukunyakaza ngaphandle kwenkokhiso ukusuka kunoma yiliphi iphuzu kwenye izimele uhlobo endleleni ukunyakaza, futhi kuncike kuphela amaphuzu isikhundla idatha emkhakheni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyazi ukuthi umsebenzi owenziwa amandla adonsela phansi lapho umzimba ezihamba phezu kundiza enalokho kuthambekela kokuba l obuphelele, kuyoba ulingana umsebenzi eyenza umzimba lapho ukuwa h ubude, ukuphakama indiza ezintweni ezingafanele. Ngakho, umsebenzi amandla adonsela phansi noma, ngokukhethekile, umsebenzi ezihambayo umzimba lapho ensimini okudonsa, futhi, akuxhomekile ukuma endleleni futhi kuncike kuphela umehluko eziphakemeyo amaphuzu nesibongo indlela.

Ngakho kungenzeka ukufakazela ukuthi impahla ebalulekile esinjalo kungase kudingeke hhayi kuphela iyunifomu, kodwa futhi wonke emkhakheni kagesi. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso ka amandla adonsela phansi.

Ukusebenza inkambu electrostatic for ezihamba kwenkokhiso kusuka kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye iphuzu kunqunywa a ebalulekile komugqa:

A₁₂ = ∫ L₁₂q (EDL),

lapho L₁₂ - trajectory of the icala, dl - i ukufuduka encanyana kanye trajectory. Uma wesifunda ivaliwe, bese uphawu ebalulekile isetshenziswa ∫; kuleli cala kucatshangwa ukuthi abakhethiwe isiqondiso dlula wesifunda.

Umsebenzi amandla electrostatic akuxhomekile ukuma endleleni, kodwa kuphela izixhumanisi amaphuzu nesibongo ukufuduka. Ngenxa yalokho, i-force mkhakha ngoludala, futhi ngokwalo emkhakheni - engase. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsebenzi noma yimuphi force olandelanayo endleleni avaliwe zero.