Yini ibhethri isilawuli. Isilawuli icala Li-Ion-ibhethri

I abalawuli ngokwabo mishini ewusizo. Futhi ukuze uqonde kangcono lesi sihloko, kufanele sisebenze isibonelo esikhethekile. Ngakho-ke, sicabanga isilawuli kwebhethri. Kuyini lokhu? kanjani? Iziphi izici umsebenzi lapho?

Yini isilawuli icala

Usebenzela ukuqapha zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa amandla kanye nezindleko. Okokuqala, kungenxa ophethe ukuqapha ukuguquka amandla kagesi zibe amandla amakhemikhali, kuze kube sekubeni khona e isidingo okwalandela kwakudingeka ukunikezela izifunda noma amadivaysi. Yenza isilawuli icala ngezandla zakho akunzima. Kodwa kungase futhi kube sisuselwa kwamandla, okuyizinto ezingafanele ukuze.

Kanjani isilawuli

Yiqiniso, isikimu jikelele alikho. Kodwa abaningi emsebenzini wabo usebenzisa Resistor ezimbili posdtroechnyh elawula yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi voltage mkhawulo. Uma uya ngalé kwemingcele wena ucacise, ukuxhumana iqala edluliselwe ohlobo futhi ivuliwe. Nakuba egijima, voltage lehla ngezansi othile, ezingeni esinqunywe ngaphambilini ngobuchwepheshe. Lapha kubalulekile ukuba ukhulume iqiniso lokuthi kukhona ububanzi ezahlukene. Ngakho, ibhethri ingafakwa futhi ezintathu, ezinhlanu futhi abayishumi nambili, futhi volts nanhlanu. Ngekucabanga, konke kuncike ukuqaliswa hardware. Ake sibheke indlela isilawuli icala ezimweni ezahlukene.

Yiziphi izinhlobo

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukwehluka eside, okungenza ngizibonge isilawuli kwenkokhelo. Uma sikhuluma imibono yabo, masenze ngezigaba kuye kwenkululeko isicelo:

1. Ukuze ophinde uvuseleleke.
2. Ukuze izinto zasendlini.
3. Ukuze kumadivayisi eselula.

Yiqiniso, le zilwane ngokwabo okuningi. Kodwa njengoba sicabangela isilawuli kwenkokhiso kusuka iphuzu jikelele buka, kwanele lokho kithi kubo. Uma sikhuluma yibo asetshenziselwa solar panel eziphehla ugesi, lapho mkhawulo voltage ngokuvamile elilingana 15 volts, kuyilapho ephansi - 12 B. Ibhethri zingakwazi ukukhiqiza esezingeni 12 V ugesi ixhunywe ngayo esihle avaliwe edluliselwe contact. Kwenzekani lapho voltage battery idlula 15 V? Ezimweni ezinjalo, isilawuli Kwenziwa wesifunda edluliselwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ibhethri umthombo wamandla esitshalweni umthwalo isikebhe sizinze. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi engenzi ikakhulukazi uthanda ukubeka ama-solar panel ngenxa ethile engemihle. Kodwa umoya ugesi , benza ziphoqelekile. Zasendlini kanye kumadivayisi eselula abe nezici zabo. Kulokhu ithebhulethi isilawuli ibhethri, bese uthinta inkinobho omakhalekhukhwini cishe ezifanayo.

Bheka ku- lithium-ion battery umakhalekhukhwini

Uma ukha uvule noma yiluphi ibhethri, uzoqaphela ukuthi encane soldered ukuba terminals yeseli ibhodi wesifunda. Ibizwa ngokuthi wesifunda Ukuvikelwa. Iqiniso lokuthi lithium-ion adinga ukuqapha njalo. isilawuli ejwayelekile kuyinto miniature wesifunda ibhodi lapho wesifunda esekelwe eyenziwe SMD-izingxenye. Yena, ihlukaniswe chips amabili - enye yazo kuyinto ukulawula, kanye nezinye - yesigungu. Asikhulume kabanzi mayelana yesibili.

uhlelo esiphezulu

Kusekelwe transistors MOSFET. Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili. Chip kakhulu esifanayo angase abe 6 noma 8 izikhonkwane. Ukuze ahlukene control mali futhi ikhulule cell ibhethri usebenzisa ezimbili transistors ensimini-umphumela ezisesandleni izindlu efanayo. Ngakho, enye Ungaxhuma noma unqamule umthwalo. A Transistor yesibili ukwenza isenzo esifanayo, kodwa amandla supply (okuyinto uba ishaja). Ngenxa ukuqaliswa kohlelo ezinjalo kungathonya ukuphila kwebhetri ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Uma wayefisa, ingasetshenziswa kwenye indawo. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kwebhethri isilawuli wesifunda futhi kungenziwa kuphela isetshenziswa apparatuses futhi izakhi ukuthi linebanga elilinganiselwe msebenzi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nalezi zici, manje nixoxe.

Ukuvikeleka imali eningi

Iqiniso liwukuthi uma voltage battery we lithium idlula 4.2, kungase overheat ngisho qhumisa. Ngenxa yalesi izakhi ifaniswe chips enjalo, okuyinto uzoyeka lapho ophethe inkomba. Futhi ngokuvamile, kuze voltage ifinyelela izisulu 4-4,1 V kusukela ukusetshenziswa noma inqubo ukuzithiba ocucuzayo, akukho ukushaja okwengeziwe akunakwenzeka. Lona umsebenzi obalulekile enikezwa icala isilawuli ibhethri lithium.

Ukuvikeleka ngaphezu kwentengo

Lapho voltage ifinyelela amagugu ezibucayi ongaphakeme ezenza ukusebenza eziyinkinga zedivayisi ngokwayo (ngokuvamile in the 2,3-2,5V ububanzi), khona-ke icishe elihambisana MOSFET-Transistor, okuyinto unomthwalo supply samanje ifoni ephathekayo. Okulandelayo kukhona inguquko ukulala imodi nge sakugcina amandla ukusetshenziswa. Bese kukhona isici okuthakazelisa kakhulu umsebenzi. Ngakho, lapho voltage cell ibhethri mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 2.9-3.1 V, idivayisi yeselula ngeke ivunyelwe operation evamile. Mhlawumbe ungase uphawule ukuthi lapho wokufaka ifoni, ekubonisa ukuthi kukhona icala, kodwa vula futhi usebenze ngokujwayelekile ungafuni.

izindlela zokuzivikela

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isilawuli icala enezinto eziningi izakhi okufanele ukuvikela imiphumela emibi. Ngakho, lokhu diodes yisinanakazana ukuthi ahlelwe ku transistors ensimini-nomphumela, isifunda icala ukuthola kanye anezele ezincane ezimbalwa. Oh yebo, futhi uma ungabheka kwebhethri isilawuli futhi ufunde ukusebenza umthombo wamandla, umsebenzi wayo ingabuyiswa ngisho uma "ukufa". Yiqiniso, lokhu kusho ukumisa umsebenzi, hhayi ukuqhuma noma Ukuwa. Kulokhu, kungasiza amadivayisi ekhethekile ukwenza "alulame" ophethe ekhethekile. Yiqiniso, bona sizosebenza isikhathi eside - inqubo Ungahudula ku-inqwaba amahora, kodwa ibhetri ngemva kokuphothula umsebenzi kuyoba cishe sengathi kusha.

isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, isilawuli icala Li-Ion-ibhethri udlala indima ebalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi sokusebenza kumadivayisi eselula kanye nomthelela omuhle ekuphileni kwabo. Ngenxa lula ukwakhiwa yabo ingatholakala cishe kunoma iyiphi ifoni noma ithebulethi. Uma kukhona isifiso sokuphinde babone ngamehlo nezandla uthinte isilawuli icala Li-Ion-ibhethri nokuqukethwe ke yokwehlukanisa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwa nge elementomv chemical, ngakho ngokuqapha ezithile.