Yiziphi izinto ezingeyona ingxenye yefa?

Ngemuva kokulahlekelwa kanzima komuntu - ukufa kwe-testator - ngokuvamile kuqala isikhathi esinzima somthetho, okuvame ukuba nzima ngabahluleli ngokwabo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zempahla edluliselwe kumpahla yabo. Ukungqubuzana nokuhlukumezeka okuvela phakathi kwezihlobo ezinombono wabo ngabanye wefa lomhlaba phakathi kwabo kuvame ukuhamba nenqubo yokwabelana ngalokho okutholwe ngumuntu oshonile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abahluleli abangakwazi ukufundela bangakwazi ukufunda. Akubona wonke umuntu owazi kahle ukuthi ungathola impahla yakho kumuntu oshonile, futhi yiziphi izinto aziyona ingxenye yefa.

Ukuze kwenziwe lula ukuqonda phakathi kwabahluleli abazoba khona esikhathini esizayo, kufanele bafunde ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwalezo zinto (izinto) ezingenakuzidlulisela kwifa labo ngemva kokufa kwesihlobo. Futhi kuhle ukukwenza kusengaphambili.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa ngezigaba izinto ezizuzwe njengefa kanye nalabo abangenalo ifa. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufa komuntu onomhlaba ohlukaniswe kamuva, ingxenye esemthethweni yezitholakalayo iqala. Inani eliphelele lefa lihlanganisa izinto nezinye izinto, kubandakanya amalungelo nemisebenzi.

Yini engabela abahluleli?

Emva kokufa kwesihlobo, ungathola:

• Zonke izinto ezazingumnikazi we-testator. Ngokujwayelekile, le ndawo: imoto, indlu, indlu, indawo.

• Izinto ezimayelana nomuntu oshonile afane nelinye ilungelo lokungena. Mhlawumbe kwakukhona umhlaba owenziwe ukuphila okungenasiphi isikhathi futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ifa noma i-easement eqhubekayo.
• Izibambiso: amasheya, izibopho, izikweletu zokushintshanisa, izincwadi zokulondoloza, ukuhlola nokunye okunye. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sigaba asikwazi ukushintshwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kubahluleli. Isibonelo, uma umnikazi wamasheya angase alahlekelwe isikhathi sokubhalisa egameni lakhe, azosakazwa phakathi kwamanye amasheya. Ngakho-ke, kungase kuvele ukuthi amasheya awafakiwe ekubunjweni kwefa uma bephuthelwa isikhathi sokubhalisa kabusha.
• Amalungelo omhlaba aphakanyiswa isakhamuzi emva kokubhaliswa ngokomthetho ngokuqondene nanoma yimuphi umhiaba, ngenxa yalokho anelungelo lokukuthola, ukuwusebenzisa nokuwuphatha. Isibonelo, kungase kube nesabelo kumbambiselwano wokubambisana, isigxobo enkampanini yezinkampani ezihlangene, njalonjalo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula noma yiliphi ifa eliyindlalifa: okungahambisani namalungelo yizibopho zomhlaba, okungukuthi, izikweleti zangempela. Uma bebekhona ekushoneni, khona-ke nabo badlulisela izindlalifa. Isibonelo, isikweletu se-alimony esiye sabuthela ngesikhathi sokuphila kuzodingeka sikhokhwe ngumuntu othatha impahla yomuntu oshonile, kodwa izibophezelo ze-alimony azifakiwe kwifa.
• Ezinye izinto ezibonakalayo. Kulesi sigaba, njengomthetho, faka izinto zomsebenzi womqondo womuntu oshonile (amafonfoni, ukuqoshwa kwezinkulumo, njll), ngamanye amazwi, lawa ma-copyright.

Kuzo zonke izigaba ezihlongoziwe zezinto ezizuzwe njengefa kukhona umthetho owodwa: noma iyiphi into noma into ezuzwe njengefa kufanele ibe yi-testator ngakwesokudla ubunikazi, okungabonakaliswa yimuphi umbhalo (okhishwe kwiRejista Yobumbano Yobumbano, isitifiketi sobunikazi , njll).

Ukwenza intando, umuntu-ke, angafaka noma yini kuye, into eyinhloko ukuthi kufanele ibe yingxenye yendawo yakhe.

Izinto ezingazuzi njengefa

Kodwa-ke, kusekhona okungekho okungahambisani ngokomthetho kumnikazi ofanele ngemuva kokufa kwesihlobo. Sizofunda kabanzi ngalokhu.

Amalungelo nomsebenzi ngamunye

Lawa ngamalungelo nemisebenzi ehlobene eduze nobuntu bomuntu oshonile. Isibonelo, umhlalaphansi oshonile onokukhubazeka akakwazi ukudlulisela ilungelo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi kwabanye ngemuva kokufa. Ilungelo lokuzibandakanya, nokuba yilungu leqembu noma ilungelo lokusebenzisa amalungelo ehhovisi (isikhundla), ilungelo lezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene.

Nasi esinye isibonelo: umxhasi othile oxhaswe ngokusekelwa kwendoda kumuntu owafa ngokushesha, imali ethembisiwe ngeke izuzwe njengefa. Uma oshonile ekhokha imali, izibopho zakhe zemali emva kokufa azidluliselwa ezihlotsheni, ngaphandle kwamacala uma umlandeli wakhe ekukhokhweni kwemalimboleko akushiwo ngokucacile kwisivumelwano sesikweletu. Lowo owamukela ifa ukhokha, futhi kuphela ngesamba ayamukela ngaso. Uma umninimvumeli enqaba impahla, inhlangano yezikweletu (ibhange) izokhokhela ngokuzimele ibhalansi lesikweletu.

Amalungelo kanye nemisebenzi ayifakiwe ekubunjweni kwefa, ukudluliselwa okungavunyelwe umthetho. Ngokuyinhloko, ukudluliswa kwemiklomelo kahulumeni kwezihlobo.

Amalungelo angewona amakhemikhali

Amalungelo okuba yisakhamuzi kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ekufeni awayona ingxenye yefa. Lezi zinhlobo zamalungelo anjengokuthi: impilo, impilo, ukungahambi kahle komuntu nokuphila kwangasese.

Ezinye izimpahla ezingabonakali

Izinzuzo ezingabonakali zomuntu oshonile, azijabulele ngaphansi koMthethosisekelo, azibandakanyi ekubunjweni kwefa. Isibonelo, njengesakhamuzi saseRussia Federation - ilungelo lokunyakaza okungenakuphelelwa yonke indawo yayo, ilungelo lokukhetha indawo yokuhlala nokunye okunye.

Izinto zansukuzonke zendlu, izitsha, izitsha zasendlini nezincwadi aziyona ingxenye yefa. Konke lokhu kuya kwezihlobo nabantu abaseduze abahlala nabo futhi bahlanganyela nabo. Kule ndaba, izihlobo zingabelana izinto ezinjalo phakathi kwabo, mhlawumbe zizoshiya endaweni lapho oshonile ehlala khona.

Amalungelo ukunikeza umuntu othize

Isibonelo, ilungelo lokubambisana , izimpesheni, izibonelelo kanye nezinye izinkokhelo zenhlalakahle azihlanganisiwe ekwakheni ifa .

Njengoba sekuvele kuphawuliwe ngaphambili, ngokudluliswa kwempahla ngefa, umgomo oyinhloko ubunikazi bawo. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke kwenzeke ukudlulisela kubanikazi bezomthetho kumyalelo wezomthetho.

Unganikeza isibonelo esicacile nesivamile. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, i-testator yenze ukwakhiwa okwakungavumelanisiwe nokuphathwa kwendawo, noma yabamba ingxenye yendawo eyashiywe umhlaba futhi ayizange ibhalise kahle ngempahla yakhe. Ngeshwa, le mpahla ayikwazi ukuthola ifa ngokulandelana.