Al-Haram Mosque in Saudi Arabia

Igama eligcwele Masjid al-haram. "Masjid" ngesi-Arabhu - "mosque" ke kukhona indawo lapho ukuba bakhonze, "Haram" kusho "esenqatshelwe". Enguqulweni Russian kuzwakala "le Mosque Engcwele".

Kaaba engcwele

Maphakathi iyona mosque odumile Kaaba - indawo yokukhulekela kungokwamakholwa ngesimo isakhiwo cube emise, upholstered ngokugcwele ngendwangu emnyama, mikhulu ngobukhulu: ngamamitha ayi-15, 10 - eside futhi 12 - ububanzi. Ukwakhiwa senziwa egwadle futhi has ngaphakathi egumbini. Yakhiwa isithunywa Ibrahim ngenjongo yokukhulekela lwesintu united kuya uMdali wezulu nomhlaba - Allah. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, bonke amaSulumane akholwayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakuphi, ikhomishana womthandazo turning ngase Kaaba. Ithempeli al-Haram nge Kaaba ezihlobene nomunye imicikilisho ezibaluleke kakhulu - Haji.

Ngokwenkolelo Arab, engcwele lokuqala esizeni Kaaba yesimanje setha Adamu. Lapho izwe wathunyelwa kwesijeziso kukaZamcolo, u-Abrahama waphinda abuyiselwe ngilahlekile. Ngaphambi kokuba uNkulunkulu wathumela abantu Islam, kwakukhona indlu engcwele kobuqaba Quraish. Esefikile emhlabeni uMprofethi Mohammad pbuh Kaaba baba indawo yokukhulekela isikhathi ngabazalwane - Qibla. izwe ngalinye has a mosque niche, noma mihrab, okhombisa indawo Qibla imithandazo.

Omunye izinsika Islam - umthandazo

Engakholwa uyaqiniseka ukuthi yena Ngeza kuleli zwe ngenhloso eyodwa - ukukhuleka uMninimandla onke. Zonke izenzo nemicabango yomuntu Kumele uxhumeke nge egameni Allah. Isizathu salokhu siwukuthi yonke isenzo futhi izwi Allah inceku uzokuphendula ngoSuku Lokwahlulela. Omunye imisebenzi eyinhloko yawo wonke amakhaya Muslim ubhekwa imithandazo emihlanu-isikhathi. Kuyinto umthandazo, kwenziwe esimweni zangasese (ubumsulwa isiko) ngesikhathi osinikiwe kahlanu ngosuku.

Kunoma yikuphi idolobha, uhlalwe amaSulumane kukhona mosque, le muezzin kusukela minaret unxusa ethembekileyo ukuthandaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubonakala sengathi ukuphila ime, konke igcwalisa izwi ukusho adhan. Noma imuphi umuzi Muslim ngaleso sikhathi eyeka flow yayo evamile, futhi kukhanga abantu abengeziwe ulungela ukuthandaza. Ayikho izindaba yasemhlabeni ingase ingabi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kunoMbuso ngomthandazo. Ngenxa Qur'an oNgcwele uthi omunye umthandazo rak'at eqolo emhlabeni.

Indima mosque emphilweni okholwayo

Mosque - lena indawo lapho ungakhululeka kusukela eziwubala bese uyeka nge imicabango okuphakade. Kungcono ukwenza umthandazo nabanye abazalwane nodade izakhiwo mosque. Lokhu okuthiwa yi prayer ngokuhlanganyela.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba Islam uye endaweni ezithathwe kakhulu emlandweni, mosque isibe isici enkulu noma iliphi idolobha lapho abalandeli of the Prophet Mohammad pbuh buphele

Etymologically, mosque - yindawo lapho uzibophezele Sujud - prostration. Ukuze sikhulekele umuntu ubophekile kuphela Allah. Islam liyakwenqabela yokukhulekela ngisho nangaphambi ubani. Lokhu, ngokusho okholweni, ngesono esikhulu, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi "Ukunika abalingani noNkulunkulu."

Mosque uye kuhlanganiswe njalo imisebenzi engokomoya, kwamasiko, ezingokwenhlalo nezombusazwe. Njengoba sekuzoqala inkolo amathempeli hhayi kuphela bavikela umthandazo. Kodwa washumayela ukholo, esizwa abampofu, ukuxazulula izimpikiswano ezibalulekile emphakathini nakwezombangazwe.

Mosque ubulokhu sigxile kuphi ubumsulwa kokubili ngokomoya nangokwenyama njalo. Akuvunyelwe ukungena endlini yoMdali emhlabathini ingenasisekelo ngokuvumelana zangasese isiko. Futhi ukwamukela noma yimuphi umsebenzi kwi ezithweni mosque, okuyiwona umuntu liyadingeka umvuzo ngemva kokufa.

I izinsika ezine ukholo

Ngaphandle komthandazo, Muslim kumele lenze ezine: ukusho Shahadah - ubufakazi monotheism, ukwenza uhambo oluya endaweni engcwele - a Hajj naseMecca, ukuzila ukudla minyaka yonke ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, uhambise Zakat - esiza abantulayo abampofu.

mosque Engcwele

Okwamanje, quota-pilgrim ezivela eRussia kunabantu 20,000.

Njalo ngonyaka ngo-Al-Haram Mosque iza abalandeli kuka 2 million Islam. AmaSulumane Abaningi dream ngelinye ilanga sokuthandaza ngesikhathi Al-Haram Mosque (Mecca, Saudi Arabia). Lokhu mosque kuvezwa Quran ncamashi izikhathi 15. Uneziqu umlando ocebile kakhulu. Lokhu mosque amadala mosque asePalestina Beit al-Mukaddas.

Ngokokuqala ngqá al-Haram lakhiwa 1570 futhi okwamanje 4 nomnyango main nomunye 44 ngaphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuba abathandazele mosque can manje 700.000. Nine nemibhoshongo yabaseTurkey 89 amamitha eliphezulu ehlotshisiwe mosque eyinhloko izibuya ezintathu. Kukhona futhi zemibukiso zasendlini komhlaba, ivulekele-pilgrim ngempelasonto. Amabili amandla omkhulu ikhanyisa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Konke yakhiwe ngokuhambisana ubuchwepheshe bakamuva nje kanye izimfashini zamuva: imisakazo namathelevishini, air conditioning. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ukuze ahlinzeke ukuhlala ukhululekile ukuba izihambeli. Nangobukhulu al-Haram kanye Kaaba akuyona ifenisha ocebile, futhi alula nobungcwele.

Kwakhiwa indlu enkulu yesonto oyinhloko emhlabeni Muslim

Masjid al-haram ihlukile kwezinye amathempeli emhlabeni zithuthelekela lapha njalo amaSulumane ngonyaka kusukela kulo lonke izwe, ukuze wa prostrate phambili Allah, futhi enze yezinsika Islam. Izinkulungwane zabantu abavela emazweni angu nobuzwe, ngebala lesikhumba elihlukile noma isikhundla emphakathini nibuthana ukukhazimulisa uMdali Wezulu Nomhlaba, ukufunda okuthile okusha noma ngolwazi nolwazi nezinkinga zabo.

Ngemva wafa umprofethi wokugcina Muhammad pbuh, futhi isidumbu sakhe washukumiseleka ukuba Medina, al-Haram (Saudi Arabia) sekuyinkinga Qiblah elivamile laso sonke amaSulumane.

Okokuqala, elandela isibonelo Mohammed, amaSulumane wathandaza bebheke ithempeli Beit al-Mukaddas eJerusalema, kanye namaJuda. Nokho, amaJuda kuzo zonke indlela kuqhathaniswa lokhu ukuthi uphatheke kabi umprofethi omkhulu. Bese uNkulunkulu wamthumelela isambulo ngesimo vesi 144 Surah "Baqara", lapho umprofethi wakhomba Qibla olulodwa Muslim - Al-Haram. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izikhathi eziyisihlanu, izigidi zabantu abathi Islam nsuku, ukuvula ngale ndlela futhi ziphathwe ethandaza kuMdali. Log eMecca wavula amaSulumane Orthodox kuphela, abeza lapha ngenyanga 12 ikhalenda Muslim.

kabusha

Ilokhu ku isandiso kanye ukuthuthukisa mosque wachitha imali eningi. Iqhaza layo kufanele akuyona Saudi kuphela Arabia, ogama ezibonakalayo bayatfutfuka amathempeli Mecca futhi Medina, kodwa neGibhithe, Iran, Turkey.

Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu - Ukugcwala ngokweqile mosque izindawo kanye isiminyaminya - wahlela ukuxazulula ngesikhathi kuvuselelwa ngokwandisa izindawo bhalobasar onek. Ukwenza lula ukuhlala yabakhulekeli eMecca Yakhiwa umugqa ongaphansi komhlaba esihlanganisa izindawo ezimbili zokukhulekela.

Isikhathi sokugcina mosque usebhekene ukulungiswa okukhulu ekuseni 21 leminyaka th, kusukela ngo-2007 kuya kowezi-2012, okwaphumela kulendawo banda ukuze 400,000 KM Inkosi yakwa-Saudi Arabia, itshe-uphawu udlondlobala endaweni sase sibekiwe. Mosque eyinhloko al-Haram Saudi Arabia ishintshile angaphezu ukuqashelwa. Lokhu kungakwenza umuntu, ngubani unquma ukuvakashela kulo. Kungenzeka futhi ngosizo izithombe eziningi ukuba sazise ubuhle mosque Al-Haram (izithombe ingezansi). Ngo-mlando emlandweni walesi ukuvuselelwa mosque - the ezinkulu kakhulu. Ekuqedeni eyinkimbinkimbi ke useye waba ngaphezu nohafu. Futhi manje kanyekanye ukuthandaza can ngaphezu 1.12 Mill. Abathembekile futhi banikezwe zonke izakhiwo ezizungezile, inani labamba iqhaza ukukhuphuka 2.5 Mill.

Ukuthwebula mosque 1979

Akusiyona yonke into ukuthi ulunge. Ngo-1979, ama-pilgrim kwadingeka akhuthazelele kokuquleka abesabekayo abathunjwa by amaphekula ngqo ngesikhathi Hajj. abantu kungathi abangamakhulu amahlanu ayehlomile abavale ngokwabo ekwakheni lamaSulumane kanye minaret kuyiphi shayela ngesibawo, wabeka izimfuneko zakhe ngubhongoza juhayman al-otaybi. Ingqikithi izenzo zabo ukuthi babenesithakazelo le kwezombusazwe abazinze izibikezelo ubudala, owawuthi phambi uSuku Lokwahlulela babefika emhlabeni futhi nihlanze Islam Mahdi. Ngqo kuqhathaniswa abahlaseli ukuthi ababusi enikeziwe ngokwabo nge okunethezeka ukuthi abantu abenza izithombe zabantu, Saudi Arabia enza ibhizinisi ne-United States futhi athengise ngayo uwoyela, ngokumelene ithelevishini, ukuyekelela ngokweqile ekuziphatheni. Abahlaseli ngokuthi ukukhulekela entsha umsebenzi - Mahdi ezindongeni Kaaba. Iqiniso lokuthi sebenqume abachitha igazi leZwe Elingcwele, nokuzidela ukuchaza ukungakwazi ukubekezelela ukucindezelwa inkolo.

Ukulwa abahlaseli eyathatha amasonto engaphezu kwemibili kuze Masjid al-haram awuzange bekhululiwe ngokuphelele kusukela izigcwelegcwele. Iziphathimandla Saudi wayengasenakukwazi ukubekezelela bebodwa futhi kwadingeka ukufuna usizo kusukela French. Isuka EFrance landizela ochwepheshe ezintathu, ogama indima lwalulinganiselwe ukuba iseluleko. Azizange lokubamba iqhaza kukhululeka njengezigqila ezingewona ama-Muslim. Lapho ukuhlasela iphelile, amaphekula banqunywa amakhanda esigcawini. Iminyaka 50 kwakuyizwi esibi kunazo isigwebo e-Saudi Arabia.