Ama-aviators "ama-aviators": umlando we-brand brand

Ngesikhathi umlando wawo weminyaka engu-76, izibuko "ze-aviator" (noma, njengoba kuthiwa nazo, "amaconsi") ziye zathinta kakhulu indlela yezwe. Bahlala endaweni evelele emasikweni aseMelika futhi ngeke baphume ngaphandle kwemfashini.

U-James Dean, u-Audrey Hepburn, uMichael Jackson nezinye izithombe eziningi ze-cinema futhi babonisa ibhizinisi, bekungenakuqhathaniswa futhi baqhubeka beba njalo kulabo abafuna ukubonakala ngokuqinisekile. Kusuka kumongameli kuya ezinkanyezini ze-movie, kusukela kubaculi abadumile bezintambo ukwenza abakhi bezimfashini, akekho abantu abangenalo (noma abanakho) lokhu okutholakala kwamasonto.

Amaphuzu "ama-aviators" avame ukuhlotshaniswa nendlela yokuphila yaseHollywood. Umlando wabo waqala ngokuzithoba, kodwa into eyinhloko ukuthi yenziwa ngezinhloso ezahlukene. Imikhiqizo emikhulu ekhiqiza imikhiqizo ewusizo emehlweni, i-Bausch & Lomb ithuthukiswe futhi ikhishwe "amaconsi" okuqala ngaphansi kohlobo lweRei-Beng (kusukela "emisebeni yelanga" (Ray) nokuthi "uvimbele" ( Ban)) ye-US Army Air Corps, ngokukhethekile ukuvikela amehlo abaqhubi bezindiza emisebeni yelanga. Ngokwezinga elikhulu, umqondo wabo wawungowokuthi uLieutenant John McCready.

Ngomnyaka we-1920, wabuya esitjenzeni ebhaluni begodu wakhononda bona imiraro yelanga yabangela ukulimala okungenakwenzeka emehlweni akhe. Wathintana neBausch & Lomb futhi wacela ukuba bakhe izibuko zokukhanya ezizohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okugcwele kusuka ku-ultraviolet, kodwa ziyoba nenhle futhi zikhululekile. Lezi zivele ngo-1936 futhi zamukelwa ngokushesha ngabashayeli bezindiza. Ngemva konyaka, inkampani ithole i-patent yefomethi "yeRey-Ben", eyenzelwe imakethe yezohwebo. Nokho, igama elithi "aviators" liye lafana nabo. Namuhla zichazwa ngamamodeli afana nomklamo wokuqala. Lo mklamo wawuhlanganisa "ama-non-glare" lenses (avela ingilazi yamaminerali aluhlaza, akwazi ukuhlunga imisebe ye-infrared ne- ultraviolet) nohlaka lwensimbi olulinganiselwa kuka-150 amagremu. I-lens, ephindwe kabili ubukhulu be-eyeball, ayivumelekanga ukukhanya ukungena endaweni yayo kusuka kunoma iyiphi indawo.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili, abaqhubi bezindiza baseMelika baqhubeka bethembela kuma-glass "ama-aviators". Futhi ucwaningo lwesayensi lwaholela ezintweni ezintsha ezifana ne-gradient lens (enezibuko ezikhethekile ezibukweni phezulu ngaphandle kwayo phansi, okwenza kube lula ukubona iphaneli endizeni). Ekuqaleni ithuthukiswe ngokukhethekile ekusetshenzisweni kwezempi, lo mkhiqizo wathandwa kakhulu ngabantu basekuhlaleni. Ithonya lempi ngaleso sikhathi emfashini alikwazi ukuphikiswa. Ngakho-ke, amasosha, ama-T-shirts ayebhekwa njengenye yemikhiqizo esemqoka yesitayela sama-1940. Abantu, bezama ukulingisa impi, babegqoke izibuko ze "aviators" ngokuhleka okukhulu. Izesekeli zabesilisa ziqine ngokucophelela umhlaba wezimasiko eziningi. Okumangalisa ukuthi "amaconsi" athande abesifazane kakhulu. Ngempela, idizayini elihle, elikhazimulayo lihambisana ngokugcwele nanoma yikuphi ukuma.

Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, i-Hollywood yayithonya kakhulu imfashini. Eminyakeni elandelayo kwakukhona izitayela eziningi ze "Rey-Bin", ezinye - ngemiphumela emisha yokukhanya. Ngo-1978, i-Bausch & Lomb ilethe imodeli enezithombe zamasithombe ezithombeni, "ama-chameleon" (amnyama ngenxa yezinguquko ekushiseni nasezimo ezikhanyayo, kusukela ophuzi kuya obala). Kodwa-ke, akekho noyedwa owawuthandwa kakhulu, njengoRay-Ban Wayfarer (enefolda epulasitiki eqinile). Imodeli yasungulwa ngu-B & L optometrist uRaymond Stejemen futhi waziswa emakethe ngo-1952. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuklama kwakhe kwakuyiyona inguquko yangempela yezinguquko. Uma lokhu okutholakala kuzo kubonwe esikrinini, ngokushesha kwabonakala kakhulu.

Ama-aviator "ama-aviators" ayegqoke nguJames Dean kule filimu "Isihlubuki ngaphandle kokuhle" (1955), kamuva u-Audrey Hepburn "e-Breakfast at Tiffany" (1961). Kuwo wonke ama-50s no-60s, baba yizinqumo eziningi - Bob Dylan, Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe, Roy Orbison, uJohn Lennon futhi, yibo bonke labo ababefuna ukubukeka behlelekile.