Amabhethri Lead-acid. Umgomo we operation

amabhethri Lead-acid - owande kakhulu ibhethri. Yasungulwa kwaba isikhathi eside kakhulu - ngisho ngo-1859. Le ndlela yokwenza is mhlawumbe kusetshenziswa ngemgwaco, kanye umthombo eziphuthumayo kwamandla kagesi.

Isimiso lapho, elona lisebenza nomthofu-acid yebhethri, esekelwe ukusabela electrochemical ka dioxide phambili futhi abaholayo sulfuric acid medium. kuphakama amandla ngenxa ukuxhumana phakathi sulfuric acid kanye oxide phambili. Ucwaningo olwenziwa kudala, wanika imiphumela elandelayo: ngaphakathi ibhethri elivela cishe 60 ukusabela (okungenani) bese ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zenzeka ngaphandle electrolyte acid. Phakathi osenyameni iqala namachibi phambili, okuyinto eyenzeka ngesikhathi cathode nomthofu dioxide yokuthola (kuphela ngesikhathi anode). ukusabela ephambene zenzeka ngesikhathi ishaja. Ngakho, uma ibhethri nomthofu-acid kukhishelwa, ukugeleza uya sulfuric acid (kuleli cala uwela kwabantu electrolyte).

Manje kubalulekile ukutshela kanjani kule yunithi icanjwe. It is wadala ngokuxhuma electrode emihle nemibi kanye separators (kangaka okuthiwa ngokwahlukana insulators). Zichayeké i electrolyte. Electrode - a grid phambili. Negative unayo i isithako ngokuthi "isipanji phambili", futhi omuhle - phambili dioxide.

amabhethri Lead-acid kungenziwa ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka izici ezihlukahlukene kanye nemingcele. Kufanele zibhale. Ziyakwazi:

• ukuphila inkonzo esiphezulu;
• umthamo webhethri;
• Inombolo ngaphandle kwenkokhiso imijikelezo;
• ongakhetha self-ukushaja;
• usayizi;
• ukusebenza lokushisa ububanzi;
• ukuqhuba ukukhokhiswa yashesha;
• esiphezulu isitoreji isikhathi.

Ukuhola-acid yebhethri ingenziwa ngendlela eyodwa noma izakhi eziningana. I electrolyte ukuthi itholakala ngaphakathi ibhethri, kungenziwa etholakala isimo ijeli kanye ketshezi. Ngo samuntu yesibili, ibhethri uzodinga kulo isevisi, refilling yamanzi futhi electrolyte esikhundleni. A-helium enkonzweni akudingeki, Ngakho-ke, ezibhekwa njengezincwadi ngokunethezeka.

Akunakwenzeka yini ukubhekana isihloko ezifana imoto amabhethri varta. Le nkampani umphakeli wokuqala amabhethri izimoto eYurophu. Namuhla, imoto amabhethri varta - ukukhetha ephelele kulabo abafuna ukuthenga iyunithi ithembekile, oyohlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle yesondlo. Abakhiqizi abeke esiqine ngempela sokuvikela imininingwane, izidingo ephakeme imikhiqizo yabo. Bambalwa kwezinye izinkampani, ngaphezu kwalokhu, okuyinto anganikeza high imiphumela kanye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto emakethe ibhethri ezinhle. Kusukela nye they zinezikhathi umthamo omkhulu kanye inkomba eliphezulu kakhulu startornogo zamanje. Konke lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi injini isebenza ngisho izimo ezibucayi kakhulu futhi ebonakala ongenangqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto inketho ekahle diesel.