Amasosha angu-58. Amasosha ase-USSR naseRussia. Umlando Wezempi

Phakathi neminyaka yamabutho ahlomile aseSoviet naseRussia, kwakunezinhlobo eziningana ze-58th Army. Bonke babenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene futhi babekwe ezindaweni ezahlukene.

Iminyaka yobuSoviet

Ngokokuqala ngqa i-58 yasungulwa ngoNovemba 1941. Indawo yokuqala yokuthunyelwa yiSifunda saseMpiya saseSiberia. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha ngemuva kokwakheka, abasebenzi badluliselwa ku-Arkhangelsk Military District. Lokhu kwenziwa ukufeza umsebenzi wokwakha umugqa wokuzivikela kusuka e-White kuya eLwandle Lwasega. Ngemuva kokuthi umsebenzi usuphelile, lokhu kwakhiwa kwahlelwa kabusha embusweni omusha - i-Tank Army yesi-3.

Ehlobo lika-1942, ukuxabana okwenziwe ngobukhulu kwenzeka nge-Kalinin ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwavela ibutho elisha. Wayehlala endaweni ka-Ostashkov, kodwa akazange ahlanganyele empini yaseRzhev. Ngalesi sikhathi, amasosha amaningi aseSoviet ayeboshelwe emathunjini naseziboshwa zaseJalimane. Amaphutha obuholi aholele ekutheni ibutho kufanele lihlonywe kabusha. Lokhu kwenzeka futhi nge-58. Amasosha akhe ayingxenye ye-39th Army.

Eningizimu

Ngo-Agasti ofanayo, umyalo kanye ne-Stavka banquma ukwakha ukwakheka okusha okungavikela iSoviet Union eCaucasus, lapho ukulwa namaJalimane kuthatha isinqumo esinqunyiwe. Ibutho elisha lama-58 lalikhona ensimini yamaRiphabhuliki aseDagestan naseChenchen. Yonke ikwindla, amayunithi ayo alwa namasosha amancane esitha, futhi azama ukugcina umzila wokuzivikela. Ukuqhathanisa kakhulu emabhange aseTerek, eduze komgwaqo ukusuka e-Upper Kurla ukuya eMozdok.

Ngokufika kwe-1943 entsha, i-58 ibutho laba yingxenye yamandla okuhola eSoviet Caucasus. UTerek waphoqeleka ngoJanuwari 3. Ukuhamba kwamabutho kwakunzima yizimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, entwasahlobo ukuxhumana kufinyelele ogwini lwe-Azov Sea. Kulo msebenzi ohleliwe wenziwa, futhi i-58th Army yaqothulwa emotweni. Ukunqoba kwe-USSR kwase kusondele. Ibutho lahlukaniswa, futhi abasebenzi badluliselwa eSifundazweni Sase-Volga.

Ukwakhiwa kwesine

Kwadlula iminyaka eminingi, nokuwa kwe-USSR. Ibutho lalidinga izinguquko, kufaka phakathi kokuphatha. Izingxabano zezizwe phakathi kwabantu abaningi bomdabu ngokushesha zaqala eNyakatho Caucasus. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Ossetian-Ingush, owavutha ebusika ngo-1992. I-Army Corps yama-42 yabamba iqhaza ekuletheleni isifunda. Ngemuva kokuba umsebenzi usuqedile, lokhu kwakhiwa kwasulwa, kanti i-58th Army eyalandela yasesisekelo, isine sesivele selivele.

Ngokushesha wathola isicelo, kusukela ngo-1994 impi yaseChechnya yaqala. Izingxenye ze-58th Army zase-republic kuze kube nguDisemba 1996. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlanganyela emzamweni wokuqala wokungena eGrozny. Ukunyakaza kwakunqotshwa ukuphikiswa komphakathi wendawo, isibonelo, e-Ingushetia emigwaqeni evinjelwe emgwaqeni kanye nasezikhungweni ezivaliwe.

Lapho amasosha ekugcineni efika eGrozny, kwacaca ukuthi kuzodingeka bathathe umuzi ngesiphepho. Ngalesi sikhathi, amayunithi kaDudayev ayelethe khona inqwaba yemishini: izibhamu, izimbiza, iziqhamu zeGrey, amathangi, abathintekayo bezinsimbi, njll. Kusukela ku-58th Army, kwahlanganiswa izingxenye zokuhlaselwa, okuzokwenziwa ukuhlaselwa ngokumangalelwa kuNyaka KaNcibijane.

Ukusebenza kwaholwa nguColonel-General Troshev. Ukulwa okunzima kwaze kwafika ngoFebruwari, lapho ekugcineni idolobha lithathwa.

Impi yesibili yaseChenchen

Naphezu kwesivumelwano esiphelile, umlando webutho laseRussia wawulungiselela olunye uhlolo kumasosha. Ngo-Agasti 1999, izikhali ezimbili ezihlomile zawela emngceleni weDagestan. Bakwazi ukuthatha ama-auls amaningana futhi bahlukumeze izikhali zendawo. Lapho sekucacile ukuthi amandla eMnyango Wezangaphakathi awahlangabezane nalesi simo, ibutho, kuhlanganise ne-58, laqala umsebenzi.

Wenza umsebenzi okhethekile ezindaweni ezizintaba ukuze abhubhise izimbangi, ababenomsebenzi omuhle esimweni esihle. Izindlela zempi yokwahlukana zazisetshenziselwa ukulwa namabutho ase-federal . NgoSeptemba, amabutho ama-58 neyama-22 ahlangene neqembu "West", okuzobhekana neWahhabis.

Kulo lonke ekwindla amabutho alwa ne-aul, esebenzisa ngempumelelo imoto. Izinto eziyinhloko kwakuyizindlela, ukulawula okuvimbela ukuxhumana kwesitha. NgoDisemba, amasosha ayekwazi ukungena eKekchnya futhi akhulule wonke amathafa ayo avela kwamaphekula.

NgoJanuwari, i-58th Army yaqala ukuqhuma kweGrozny. Ukuhlaselwa kwaqhutshwa kusuka ezinkomba ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, izikhali zilungiswe kahle, zinezikhali eziningi, zazisongela abantu bendawo futhi zenza izinto eziphumelelayo. Noma kunjalo, baxoshwa emzini, okwakungakapheli ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Ababaleki bahlala ezintabeni, bevela lapho bezohola khona impi yama-guerrilla. Kwakukhona amaqembu amaningi, ngalinye lawo labhujiswa yi-58th Army yaseNorthern Caucasus District Army. Umsebenzi wokugcina wezempi wenziwa ngoMashi 2000. Ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye umzana waseKomsomolskoye ususwe, njengoba kusho umlawuli we-58th Army.

Beslan

Impi ephikisayo yaphela, kodwa ukuhlaselwa kwamaphekula kubantu baseNyakatho Caucasus kwaqhubeka. Lapho izigameko zithatha isikole esinguNombolo 1 eBeslan ngoSepthemba 1, 2004, i-58th Army yaphonswa lapho, okwakubanjwe neFSB kanye noMnyango Wezangaphakathi kwakufanele kubhubhise amaphekula futhi kukhululwe ama-hostages.

Amayunithi ayo athole isibhedlela esiseduze nesikole ukusiza labo abathintekayo. Endaweni efanayo le indlunkulu yokusebenza yayisendaweni, kusukela lapho ubuholi besakhiwo sesikole ku-3 buhamba khona.

South Ossetia

Ngo-Agasti 2008, kwavela ingxabano eGeorgia. Iziphathimandla zendawo kanye nokuzimela kwe-Ossetian South kwaba abaphikisi. Ngemuva kokusongela abalindi bezokuthula baseRashiya, ababekuTskhinval, i-58th Army yilabo abaqala ukuthunyelwa kubantu basekhaya.

Umlando webutho laseRussia wathola enye imisebenzi yombane. Amakholomu avela emathangi esigaba sokuqhuma isibhamu esivela ku-58th Army aphumelele ngempumelelo emgwaqweni omkhulu futhi aphexisa izikhundla zaseGeorgia. Labo kwakudingeka baphume eThkhinval. Kodwa-ke, ingozi yokugubha i-shelling yamaphuzu emlilo yahlala. Baphinde baphonswe ngaphakathi kwehora lomsebenzi odlule. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngo-Agasti 8.

Sekuyiminyaka engu-9 izingxenye ze-58th Army zaphumelela ngokuphumelela ezikhundleni zabaphathi bezokuthula baseRashiya. Ngo-ntambama, enye yamakholomu ayesebenza egxotsheni laseGeorgia, okwakungakwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle kwezimoto ezingu-5 kuphela. Akukho muntu owabulawa, kodwa abaningi balimala, kuhlanganise no-Anatoly Khrulev, umphathi we-58th Army, nezintatheli zaseRussia.

Okwamanje, lokhu kuyindlela yokugcina yokulwa kokuxhumana. Kuzo zonke iRussia ne- USSR, ibutho laphumelela ngokufeza imiyalelo yomyalo.