Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC wokusebenza ngezandla: ukubuka konke okuningiliziwe, imininingwane, izinhlobo kanye nokubuyekezwa

Amashini ane-CNC yokwenza izinto zensimbi asetshenziselwa cishe yonke imishini yokwakha, ipayipi, isitshalo sokulungisa. Izindlela zokusika zanamuhla zenzeka ngendlela ejulile. Izindlela zokulawula zisekelwe esikhungweni sevisi esisodwa, esakwazi ukuqapha isimo sezinkomba zokusebenza kanye nezakhi ezizungezile ngesikhathi sangempela. Izikrini ze-LCD zinikela ngolwazi kumbukiso ocacile we-3D.

Ukulawulwa kwesofthiwe kuhilelani ?

Ukuze kusetshenziswe izingxenye zemishini eqondile, ukusika intambo yamapayipi, imishini ye-CNC yokusebenza kwensimbi isetshenziswa. Inani lentengo yokufaka kusuka ezinkulungwaneni eziningana (ideskithophu zemibukiso) kuya ezigidini eziningana (izikhungo eziningi zokusebenzisa ama-ruble). Imodeli efanelekayo ikhethwe ngenhloso yokukhiqiza. Izindleko zancishiswa ngokukhethwa kwezinguqulo zepayipi. Amaphrojekthi angashadile anqunywa inani elibalulekile, ngoba ufuna ukwakha imidwebo kusukela ekuqaleni.

Umshini usekelwe kusilawuli esinquma lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Amaphuzu ayisisekelo okubhekisela kuwo.
2. Izixhumanisi ze-motion ngokuhamba nge-trajectory enikeziwe ngokulandela uhlelo lokulawula.
3. Isimo sezinzwa ze-analog ne-discrete sihlaziywa. Lezi zihlanganisa ukunyakaza, izinga, ingcindezi, abalawuli bezinga lokushisa.
4. Izimpawu ezisuka kumashini wokushayela, abalawuli abavela emigqeni ehlanganiswe nomshini balandelwa.
5. Izimpawu zishintshaniswa nezinhlelo zezinga eliphezulu.
6. Ngosizo lwe-interfaces eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukuxilongwa kwephutha kulula.
7. Uhlelo lokulawula luhlinzeka ngamaphutha amakhodi ekuqapha. Kule faki, ukutholakala kwe-node yezimo eziphuthumayo kuhlinzekwa.

Amathuluzi omshini we-CNC wokusebenza ngemishini anesistimu yokuvikela entsha, ngisho nalapho onjiniyela bezobuchwepheshe abangakwazi ukukwenza. Lokhu kwandisa ukwethembeka, ukuphepha kwemishini yemishini nokugcina iwaranti yomkhiqizi.

Ukugcwaliswa kokufaka

Ukunemba kokulinganisa kutholakala ngokusebenzisa ama-servo motors, ama-stepper systems, ababusi noma ama-encoder. Izingxenye zokulondoloza ngokushesha zihluleka ngenxa yemvelo enobudlova emabhizinisini. Ukupholisa nge-coolant fluid kuyadingeka lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi wensimbi emishini. With CNC eMoscow, cishe wonke ukukhiqizwa. Abaqambi baseNtshonalanga bazisa izinhlelo zokusakaza izitshengiselo zanamuhla ngekhono eliphezulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ukhiqize imikhiqizo ngobukhulu obukhulu.

Isikhathi sokubuyisela kabusha singakwazi ukudlula amasekhondi ambalwa, okwenza abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo abaholi embonini. Izindleko zesikhathi ziyancishiswa, futhi lokhu kubonakala ezindleko zemikhiqizo yokugcina. Umzila wohlu lwezobuchwepheshe ungaphathwa yi-opharetha oyedwa ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kochwepheshe ababizayo.

Imishini

Izinto zanamuhla zinciphisa ithonya lokudlidliza kuhlaka. Izinqubo ze-kinematic ezinamandla zinikeza ukuhlinzekwa okungahleliwe kokuhluleka. Ama-sensor yokushisa adlulisa ulwazi mayelana nesimo sezintambo, uhlelo lwe-hydraulic, ama-tank lubrication kanye nokupholisa. Uma kukhona ukungabi khona kwamafutha okugeleza ku-node enkulu elayishiwe - i-spindle - umyalezo wephutha uboniswa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ugcine ubuqotho bezinto ezibiza kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo ludla amafutha okugcoba. Ukulandelwa kwesilingo sempahla eqondiswayo kuqhutshwa ngokwezikhathi. Izinhlelo zeDrayivu ziqapha njalo umthwalo kwizinombolo ze-kinematic lapho ushayela. Ngemuva kokudlulela kwamanje okwehlukanisiwe, i-alamu yokumisa ikhishwa ngokusebenzisa isilawuli. Ngemuva kokuthi iphutha lilungiswe, iphutha liyamukelwa yi-installer.

Imishini eyengeziwe

Amapaneli we-Operator angakwazi ukuhlushwa nge-disk eyinkimbinkimbi. Igcina yonke idatha yezinqolobane, izinguquko ezinhlelweni, ukulungiswa kokusika ubuchwepheshe. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza olubuyisela ukusebenza komshini ukuze kufinyelele kabusha okufutshane. Ngakho, uma ikhadi lokulawula lihluleka, amakhodi adluliselwa kwimemori yedivayisi entsha ngemizuzu. Ukunciphisa imishini elula, ibhizinisi alilahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa uma kwenzeka ingozi.

Amathuluzi womshini we-CNC wokusebenza ngesimbi anemishini yokuthumela i-Wi-Fi, ehlinzeka nge-wireless transmission mayelana nombuso wemigqa ngamamitha ayikhulu. Iseva iqoqa imiphumela yomkhiqizo ophelile. Ngokusho kwabaphathi, ukulungiswa okunjalo kusiza ukulawula isimo senqubo yokukhiqiza ngaphandle kokushiya ehhovisi.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwabakhiqizi

Amashini asebenza nge-CNC eRussia ahlukaniswa nemikhiqizo nokuthembeka kwemishini yabamncintiswano baseWestern. Isofthiwe iyatholakala kakhulu ngenxa yokulanda kwayo mahhala kumasevisi e-inthanethi. Izinkampani zaseNtshonalanga zisalokhu ziholele ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwezikhungo zokuphatha. Abaqambi "bakhulisa" imishini yezidingo zobuchwepheshe ngendlela yokusebenza.

I-designer ehamba phambili yamahhala, yasungulwa inqwaba yeminyaka edlule. Ithimba labachwepheshe liyakwazi ukuvuselela inguqulo yomshini ngesineke. Ama-analogues aseRussia avela kamuva. Kodwa ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zokufaka, ukufunwa kuhlale kukhona.

Izinhlobo zeDeskithophu

Imishini ye-CNC elula futhi engabizi kakhulu ye-metalworking iye yathola ukuthandwa. Ukuqeqesha, ukukhiqizwa kwezinxenye ezincane noma isidingo sokushintsha njalo endaweni yomsebenzi wokufakwa kuyizinhloso eziyinhloko zokuthola lezo zindlela. Ama-compact systems athengwa ngabakhiqizi bebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe, izingxenye ze-electronic.

Imishini ye-CNC ihlanganisa izici ezimbili ezizuzisayo:

1. Izindleko eziphansi.
2. Ukuthembeka nokusebenza okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezobuchwepheshe bokusika izinto zokwaziswa. Imishini inikwe amandla okuhlinzekwa ngamandla we-220 V, okwenza kube lula ukuthola indawo yokusebenza ezimweni zegaraji.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini

Imishini ye-CNC yokusebenza kwensimbi ihlukaniswe ngokuya ngobukhulu bayo, injongo, uhlobo lokusika, indlela yokulawula. Uhlobo ngalunye luyabheka izici zokukhiqiza okuthile. Ngakho, izingxenye zepayipi zidinga izinhlobo eziningana zemishini. Kwamanye amabhizinisi agxile emigqeni yonke yezinhlelo, eselulele amakhulu wamamitha.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini :

• Ukukhokha;
• Ukudweba;
• Ukuvula;
• Ukugaya;
• Ukubhanqa ishidi nokusebenzisa imishini yokucindezela.

Isakhiwo sihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Izinhlelo ze-Portal;
• Kuyafana;
• I-Horizontal.

Amashini avame ukuthenga ama-axles amaningi. Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, ngisho nangokwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo elula, okungenani izindiza ezimbili zokuhambisa ithuluzi lokusebenza ziyadingeka.

Izinhlobo zokwenza metalworking

Ukusebenza ngemishini emishini yeNCC eSt. Petersburg kunika ukuguqula, ukuqoshwa, ukushisa. Wonke ubuchwepheshe buqaliswa kumjikelezo othomathikhi. Kuthatha isikhathi esincane sokuqedela umyalelo. Asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa umzamo owengeziwe ekubuyiseleni kabusha. I-database igcina izinhlelo ezinkulu zezobuchwepheshe, kwanele ukulayisha imodeli ye-3D yeyingxenye kusuka kumthwali ophathekayo.

Imikhiqizo yokugcina ilawulwa umnyango we-OTC. Ochwepheshe behlaziya ukuhlaziywa kwendawo kwimishini yanamuhla. Ukunemba kwezakhi ezakhiwe kuvumela izinkampani ukuba zamukele ama-oda emnyangweni wezempi nomnyango. Kuhlelo lwe-CNC, izikhala zikhiqizwa ezindizeni ze-5D ngenxa yezixuku ezengeziwe zokunyakaza kweyunithi ye-spindle. Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe yonke imigodi yezobuchwepheshe emjikelezweni owodwa wokusika.