"I-Albatross" (L-39) iyindiza yephupho

"I-Aero L-39" iyindiza eyenziwe eCzech eyenzelwe ukuqeqesha abashayeli bezindiza. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengendlela yokulwa ne-fighter ehamba phambili. Kunezinguquko zomphakathi zendiza, abashayeli abashayeli abathandekayo ukuze bakwazi, ukushelela ukulawula, isivinini, ukuhamba kahle nokuthembeka.

Incazelo

I-Aero L-39 Albatros (igama elinciphisa - "Elli") lakhiqizwa yi-airline yaseCzech i-Aero Vodochody. Kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1999, ama-2,868 amayunithi we-L-39 model kanye nama-80 amayunithi wokuvuselelwa kwe-L-59 akhiqizwa. Ezweni ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi amathathu zomhlaba izindiza zokuqeqesha ze-L-39 zisesevisi (iRussia iphakathi kwabo).

I-39 Albatros iyindiza yokuqeqesha amawele we-twin-trainer. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa kokuqala kwabaqhubi bezindiza kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwabaqhubi bezindiza abanolwazi. Amathuba okusetshenziswa njengabafighters anqunyelwe izici zezindiza (usayizi omncane, isibhamu esanele). Kodwa-ke, lo modeli usebenza kahle ekulwa nokuhlonishwa kwama-drones, ama-drones, izindiza-moya.

Umlando

L-39 iyindiza enomlando ocebile. Ukuhamba okuqala kwe-Albatross kwenzeka ngo-1968, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi u-Aero uye wahlinzeka ngamayunithi angaphezu kuka-2 900 eziningana zezinguquko zalolu hlobo oluphumelelayo. I-39 isasebenza e-Air Force emazweni amaningi, futhi iyathandwa nabashayeli bezindiza abazimele, ikakhulukazi e-US.

Nakuba i-L-39 ingasetshenzisiwe, ukulungiswa kwezindiza kwezempi nokuthuthukiswa komphakathi kuqhubeka ngcono ngokuvuselelwa kwezinhlelo zokulawula, ukuxhumana, ukuhamba, izikhali, njll. Abathengi abakhulu be-L-39 Albatros kwakuyi-USSR namazwe ase- Warsaw Pact. Abathengi baseYurophu nabaseMelika nabo babonga ukulula, ijubane, ukugijima nokutholakala komthamo we-L-39.

Indiza iyimpumelelo yendiza yokuqala yezindiza eCzechoslovak L-29 Delfín. Iziphathimandla zaseCzech zicabangela inkinga yokuqala kabusha ukukhiqizwa "komntwana" ophumelele kakhulu ekubulaweni okuhlukile.

Ukulandelana kwesikhathi sokudala

Sekuyiminyaka engama-30, i-Aero Vodochody ithuthukise futhi yenze izinguquko eziningana:

• 1964 - ukuqala kokuklama "i-Albatross" njengezindiza zokuqeqesha.
• 1968 - ukushayela kokuqala.
• 1971 - ukuqala kochungechunge lokukhiqiza L-39C.
• 1972 - indiza yokuqala ye-L-39V - inguqulo ehloselwe ukudubula okuhlosiwe.
• 1974 - Aero yaba yingxenye yeCzechoslovak Air Force.
• 1975 - ukushayela kokuqala L-39ZO ngezingoma ezine zokumiswa.
• 1977 - ukushayela kokuqala kwe-L-39ZA ngezinyathelo zokumisa ezine nezinsimbi ezingaphansi kwe-fuselage zezibhamu zezindiza.
• 1996 - ekupheleni kokukhiqizwa kwe-L-39 Albatros.

Ngisho nangemva kokuba ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial sekuphelile, u-Aero akafihli imidwebo yezindiza ze-L-39 ebhokisini elikude, kodwa uyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imodeli. I-firm inikeza izinsiza eziningi ezihlukahlukene kubasebenzisi bayo, kuhlanganise nokuphila okude, ukuguqulwa nokuvuselelwa kwezindiza. Phakathi kwamakhasimende - ibutho laseCzech Republic, iSlovakia, iHungary, i-Algeria, iThailand, iVietnam namanye amazwe.

Ukuqokwa

I-39 Albatros iyinhlangano yokuqeqeshwa kwe-jet single-injini evamile kanye nokuqeqesha izindiza ngezindawo ezimbili, okuhloswe ukuqeqeshwa okuphambili nokuqeqeshwa kokuqala, kanye nokuqeqeshwa okulwa okungeziwe ngokumelene nezinhloso zezitha ezingenayo ezindizayo. Fly on it kungenzeka futhi njengendlela evamile ukukhanya aircraft indiza.

Lo mkhuba uvame ukufaka okunye okuhlukile kuma-simulators ezindizayo. Kuyo kwenziwa izinketho zokulwa, kodwa ngokungafani ne-computer version, abasebenzi bafunda amasu futhi basebenzisa amasu abaphila, ezimweni zemvelo. Kulula ukusebenza, ukukhanya futhi okwamanje kusebenza futhi kucabange - okunjalo yi-L-39.

Izimpawu

Leli kunithi linamathuba amaningi kunamanye amamodeli. Isibonelo, ihlukaniswe yinjini eqinisiwe yochungechunge lwe-1xAI 25TL. Ngaphezu kwakho konke - ukugxila "okumile" kwe-3307 lb-force (14.7 kN). Ikamelo lenzelwe iqembu labantu ababili, kodwa konke kusatshalaliswa ngokweqile, ngokuhambisana kahle nangokuzikhandlela.

Ubude bezindiza ngamamitha angu-13, amaphiko ayo esikhathini esingamamitha angu-944, indawo ngayinye yamaphiko ayi-18.8 metres square. M, ukuphakama - 4.7 m. Isisindo sezindiza ezingenalutho ngu-3400 kg, kanti esimweni esithwalwe isisindo senyukela ku-4370 kg. Naphezu kwenqwaba ehloniphekile yomkhumbi omncane, ijubane layo likhulu - 750 km / h. Kunezinye ezinye izici ukuthi ngomqondo omuhle zihlukanisa imodeli ye-L-39. Indiza ine-Ferry ehamba phambili (nge-PTB) 1000 km, isilinganiselwa sayo esiwusizo ingamamitha angu-11 500.

Isicelo ku-aircraft civil

L-39 yingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yomphakathi kahulumeni. I-Ministry of Defense yaseCzech igxila ekusekeleni opharetha abanohulumeni abashayela i-Albotros. Uhlelo olusekelwe ngokukhethekile lwezokusekela kanye nosuku luhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa okuqondile nokusebenza kwendiza yale ndege, ethandwa kakhulu emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.

I-Aero iyinhlangano enhle kakhulu yokuqeqesha i- jet indiza. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lakhiwa ngawo-1960, kanti nanamuhla lihlala lidingekile ekushayeleni kwezindiza. Kuze kube manje, i-L-39 ibhekwa njengesimodeli esiyintandokazi yezindiza zokuzilibazisa nezemidlalo. Lezi zithombe zifakaza ngokucacile ukuthi idivayisi yaklanywa kanjani ngokuklanywa, kodwa umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngezici zezindiza ezinhle kakhulu, izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha kanye nezidingo eziphansi zokugcinwa nokusebenza. Konke lokhu kwenza i-L-39 imodeli ethandwa kakhulu yombuso.

Amayunithi angaphezu kwama-300 e-Albotros athatha inkonzo kahulumeni emhlabeni jikelele. Ukusebenza okulula nezici zezindiza ezingenakunqanda kwenza kube khona amaqembu amaningi aerobatic, kuhlanganise neFrench Breitling Jet Team, iqembu labaqhubi abavela e-Russian Vyazma, i-Patriots Jet Team evela e-United States, ithimba lezempi laseBelarus futhi, kamuva nje, i-Maisus Jet Team Czech, ukuze isebenzise ngempumelelo izindiza ze-Aero I-Albatros.